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EC number: 240-539-0 | CAS number: 16484-77-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Vapour pressure
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- vapour pressure
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 02 February 1999 to 22 June 1999
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 104 (Vapour Pressure Curve)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method A.4 (Vapour Pressure)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 830.7950 (Vapor Pressure)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of method:
- effusion method: vapour pressure balance
- Key result
- Test no.:
- #1
- Temp.:
- 25 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0.001 Pa
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the study, the vapour pressure of the test material was found to be 1.4 x 10^-3 Pa at 25 °C. The volatility of the test material was estimated as Henry’s Law constant to be 1.7 x 10^-4 Pa.m^3.mol^-1.
- Executive summary:
The vapour pressure of the test material was assessed according to OECD Test Guideline 104 and EU Method A.4. and in compliance with GLP using a vapour pressure balance.
A check on the stability of the test material at elevated temperatures was performed by differential scanning calorimetry. No evidence of decomposition occurred below 90 ºC.
The microbalance was calibrated with a NAMAS calibrated 1 mg weight. It was found that 1 μg produced a deflection of 2.87 x 10^-03 V.
A quantity of test material (0.12 g) was added to the furnace. The apparatus was then assembled and evacuated to a pressure of less than 2 x 10^-05 Torr (3 x 10^-3 Pa).
After stabilisation at a given temperature, the shutter was opened to allow a stream of vapour to impact upon one balance pan. The temperature and pan deflection were recorded on a chart recorder.
The trace obtained enabled the calculation of mass difference. The furnace temperature was then raised in steps of 0.5 to 3.0 ºC and further measurements taken.
Three runs were performed between temperatures of 26 and 47.5 ºC. The same sample was used for each test, with the pressure being kept at less than 1 x 10^-5 Torr (2 x 10^-3 Pa) throughout.
Under the conditions of the study, the vapour pressure of the test material was found to be 1.4 x 10^-3 Pa at 25 °C. The volatility of the test material was estimated as Henry’s Law constant to be 1.7 x 10^-4 Pa.m^3.mol^-1.
- Endpoint:
- vapour pressure
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 11 April 1990 to 20 August 1990
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 104 (Vapour Pressure Curve)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method A.4 (Vapour Pressure)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EPA FIFRA Subdivision D § 63-9
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of method:
- static method
- Key result
- Test no.:
- #1
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0.093 Pa
- Remarks on result:
- other: Theoretical determination
- Key result
- Test no.:
- #1
- Temp.:
- 25 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0.164 Pa
- Remarks on result:
- other: Theoretical determination
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the study the estimated vapour pressures of the test material at 20 and 25 °C (293 and 298 K) are 0.093 Pa and 0.164 Pa respectively.
- Executive summary:
The vapour pressure of the test material was assessed according to OECD Method 104, EEC Method A4, EPA FIFRA Subdivision D § 63-9 and in compliance with GLP.
The vapour pressure was not measurable by the static measurement procedure (< 10 Pa) at 343 K (70 °C) thus the vapour pressure for the test material at 293 and 298 K (20 and 25 °C) is < 10 Pa. Using the theoretical boiling point of the test material (approx 280 °C) the vapour pressure was estimated from a graph correlating the boiling point at standard pressure for the particular class of chemicals.
Under the conditions of the study the estimated vapour pressure of the test material at 20 and 25 °C (293 and 298 K) are 0.093 Pa and 0.164 Pa respectively.
- Endpoint:
- vapour pressure
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 15th April 1994 to 17th June 1994
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 104 (Vapour Pressure Curve)
- Version / remarks:
- 12th May 1981
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EPA subdivision D 63-9
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- gas saturation method
- Key result
- Test no.:
- #1
- Temp.:
- 50 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0.034 Pa
- Key result
- Test no.:
- #2
- Temp.:
- 50 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0.021 Pa
- Key result
- Test no.:
- #3
- Temp.:
- 50 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0.032 Pa
- Key result
- Test no.:
- #1
- Temp.:
- 35 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0.006 Pa
- Key result
- Test no.:
- #2
- Temp.:
- 35 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0.004 Pa
- Key result
- Test no.:
- #3
- Temp.:
- 35 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0.006 Pa
- Key result
- Test no.:
- #1
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0 Pa
- Key result
- Test no.:
- #2
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0 Pa
- Key result
- Test no.:
- #3
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0 Pa
- Key result
- Vapour pressure:
- 0.029 Pa
- Remarks on result:
- other: Mean value
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the study the vapour pressure of the test material at 25 °C was calculated to be 6.4 x 10^-4 Pa.
- Executive summary:
The vapour pressure of the test material was assessed according to OECD Test Guideline 104 and in compliance with GLP using the gas saturation method.
The stability of the test material mixed with the Raschig rings was checked at the end of all the tests by HPLC analysis. Three experiments were conducted at a flow rate of about 1 L/min at 50 °C. Three experiments were conducted at a flow rate of about 1 L/min at 35 °C. Three experiments were conducted at a flow rate of about 1 L/min at 20 °C. The vapour pressure was calculated using the Clausius Clapeyron equation.
The vapour pressures obtained at 50 °C varied from 2.64 x 10^-2 to 2.26 x 10^-2 Pa when the gas flow rate varied from 1 to 0.5 L/min. The variation was within the repeatability given for the gas saturation method (10 to 30 %). Therefore at 1 mL/min the carrier gas is assumed to be saturated and this flow rate was retained for the other determinations.
The preliminary tests showed that nearly all of the test material vapour was collected in the first trap. From the data obtained at three temperatures a vapour pressure curve was calculated. The values found for the constants of the Clausius Clapeyron equation are used to calculate the vapour pressure at 25 °C.
From the data on the water solubility at 20 °C and the vapour pressure at 20 °C, the calulated Henry's law constant is equal to 5.7 x 10 ^-05 Pa m^3 mol^-1 at 20 °C.
Under the conditions of the study the vapour pressure of the test material at 25 °C was calculated to be 6.4 x 10^-4 Pa.
- Endpoint:
- vapour pressure
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 2 February 1988
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- documentation insufficient for assessment
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The determination of the vapour pressure was carried out by thermo-gravimetric method based on evaporation rates.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: Thermo-gravimetric method based on evaporation rates.
- Key result
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- >= 0 mBar
- Key result
- Temp.:
- 25 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- >= 0 mBar
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the study the estimated vapour pressures of the test material at 20 and 25 °C are 4.0 x 10^-6 and 1.0 x 10^-5 mbar respectively.
- Executive summary:
The determination of the vapour pressure was carried out by thermo-gravimetric method based on evaporation rates.
Under the conditions of the study the estimated vapour pressures of the test material at 20 and 25 °C are 4.0 x 10^-6 and 1.0 x 10^-5 mbar respectively.
Referenceopen allclose all
Vapour Pressure Results: Run 1
Temperature (°C) |
Mass Difference (μg) |
Vapour Pressure (Pa) |
1/Temperature (1/K) |
Log Vapour Pressure |
26.0 |
1.01 |
0.00166 |
0.00334 |
-2.78 |
27.0 |
1.14 |
0.00188 |
0.00333 |
-2.73 |
29.0 |
1.45 |
0.00239 |
0.00331 |
-2.62 |
31.0 |
1.63 |
0.00268 |
0.00329 |
-2.57 |
32.0 |
2.13 |
0.00351 |
0.00328 |
-2.45 |
34.5 |
2.67 |
0.00440 |
0.00325 |
-2.36 |
36.5 |
3.45 |
0.00568 |
0.00323 |
-2.25 |
39.5 |
5.54 |
0.00913 |
0.00320 |
-2.04 |
41.0 |
5.81 |
0.00957 |
0.00318 |
-2.02 |
42.5 |
6.50 |
0.01072 |
0.00317 |
-1.97 |
44.5 |
7.51 |
0.01238 |
0.00315 |
-1.91 |
47.0 |
9.29 |
0.01532 |
0.00312 |
-1.81 |
Vapour Pressure Results: Run 2
Temperature (°C) |
Mass Difference (μg) |
Vapour Pressure (Pa) |
1/Temperature (1/K) |
Log Vapour Pressure |
29.0 |
1.51 |
0.00249 |
0.00331 |
-2.60 |
31.0 |
1.92 |
0.00316 |
0.00329 |
-2.50 |
32.5 |
2.01 |
0.00332 |
0.00327 |
-2.48 |
34.0 |
2.36 |
0.00389 |
0.00326 |
-2.41 |
35.5 |
3.17 |
0.00523 |
0.00324 |
-2.28 |
37.5 |
3.64 |
0.00600 |
0.00322 |
-2.22 |
39.5 |
4.49 |
0.00740 |
0.00320 |
-2.13 |
41.0 |
5.50 |
0.00906 |
0.00318 |
-2.04 |
42.5 |
6.43 |
0.01060 |
0.00317 |
-1.97 |
43.5 |
7.74 |
0.01277 |
0.00316 |
-1.89 |
45.5 |
10.22 |
0.01685 |
0.00314 |
-1.77 |
47.5 |
14.09 |
0.02323 |
0.00312 |
-1.63 |
Vapour Pressure Results: Run 3
Temperature (°C) |
Mass Difference (μg) |
Vapour Pressure (Pa) |
1/Temperature (1/K) |
Log Vapour Pressure |
26.5 |
1.32 |
0.00217 |
0.00334 |
-2.66 |
29.0 |
1.05 |
0.00172 |
0.00331 |
-2.76 |
30.5 |
1.30 |
0.00214 |
0.00329 |
-2.67 |
32.0 |
1.66 |
0.00274 |
0.00328 |
-2.56 |
34.0 |
1.84 |
0.00303 |
0.00326 |
-2.52 |
35.5 |
2.40 |
0.00396 |
0.00324 |
-2.40 |
38.0 |
3.72 |
0.00613 |
0.00321 |
-2.21 |
39.5 |
4.72 |
0.00779 |
0.00320 |
-2.11 |
41.5 |
5.57 |
0.00919 |
0.00318 |
-2.04 |
43.0 |
6.89 |
0.01136 |
0.00316 |
-1.94 |
44.5 |
8.21 |
0.01353 |
0.00315 |
-1.87 |
46.0 |
10.14 |
0.01672 |
0.00313 |
-1.78 |
|
Run 1 |
Run 2 |
Run 3 |
Correlation |
-0.9954 |
-0.9937 |
-0.9799 |
Slope |
-4576 |
-4972 |
-5052 |
Intercept |
12.52 |
13.81 |
14.02 |
Log Vp at 25 °C |
-2.82 |
-2.86 |
-2.92 |
Vapour pressure at 25 °C |
1.5 x 10^-3 |
1.36 x 10^-3 |
1.19 x 10^-3 |
The mean vapour pressure at 25 ºC was 1.4 x 10^-3 Pa.
Henry’s Law constant for the test material can then be estimated from the vapour pressure and water solubility data according to the equation:
H = P / s
H = Henry’s Law constant (Pa.m^3.mol^-1)
P = Vapour pressure (Pa)
s = Water solubility (mol m^-3)
At 20 °C, P = 7.1 x 10^-4 Pa
s = (0.8804 / 214.6) x 1 000 mol m^-3
Therefore, Henry’s Law constant, H = 1.7 x 10^-4 Pa.m^3.mol^-1
The vapour pressure was not measurable (< 10 Pa) at 343 K (70 °C) thus the vapour pressure for the test material at 293 and 298 K (20 and 25 °C) is < 10 Pa.
Using the theoretical boiling point of the test material (approx 280 °C) the vapour pressure was estimated from a graph correlating the boiling point at standard pressure for the particular class of chemicals. Using this theoretical approach, the estimated vapour pressures of the test material at 20 and 25 °C (293 and 298 K) are 0.093 Pa and 0.164 Pa respectively.
Recovery Test
The trapping and extraction efficiency have been checked under the chosen experimental conditions simulating a vapour pressure of about 1.6 x 10^-2 and 3.8 x 10^-2 Pa. The test material was almost exclusively collected in the first trap and the recovery values calculated for the two tests performed were found to be about 98 % and 96 %.
Preliminary Tests
The vapour pressures obtained at 50 °C varied from 2.64 x 10^-2 to 2.26 x 10^-2 Pa when the gas flow rate varied from 1 to 0.5 L/min. The variation was within the repeatability given for the gas saturation method (10 to 30 %). Therefore at 1 mL/min the carrier gas is assumed to be saturated and this flow rate was retained for the other determinations.
The preliminary tests also showed that nearly all of the test material vapour was collected in the first trap.
Stability of the Test Material in the Column
The purity value of the test material was found to be 991 g/kg when the material was recovered from the column. The initial purity value was 1 000 g/kg, the small differences between the various values are not significant and do not affect the integrity of this study. The chromatographic profile obtained with the test material from one of the column shows no significant difference with the original chromatographic profile.
Vapour Pressure Curve
From the data obtained at three temperatures a vapour pressure curve was calculated.
The values found for the constants of this Clausius Clapeyron equation are used to calculate the vapour pressure at 25 °C:
Ps = 6.4 x 10^-4 Pa.
Vapour Pressure
T = 50 °C |
Test 1 |
Test 2 |
Test 3 |
Vapour pressure in Pa |
3.36 x 10 ^-2 |
2.09 x 10 ^-2 |
3.24 x 10 ^-2 |
Mean value (Pa): 2.90 x 10^-2
RSD (%): 24
T = 35 °C |
Test 1 |
Test 2 |
Test 3 |
Vapour pressure in Pa |
5.68 x 10 ^-3 |
4.14 x 10 ^-3 |
5.54 x 10 ^-3 |
Mean value (Pa): 5.12 x 10^-3
RSD (%): 17
T = 20 °C |
Test 1 |
Test 2 |
Test 3 |
Vapour pressure in Pa |
3.13 x 10 ^-4 |
1.64 x 10 ^-4 |
2.10 x 10 ^-4 |
Mean value (Pa): 2.29 x 10^-4
RSD (%): 33
Determination of Evaporation Rates VT
Measuring Number |
Measuring Temperature |
1/T2 (K^-1) |
Measuring Time (h) |
Weight Loss (mg) |
Evaporation Rate VT (mol/cm^2 x h) |
IgVT (mol/cm^2 x h) |
|
T1 (°C) |
T2 (K) |
||||||
1740 |
54.0 |
327.15 |
3.057x10^-3 |
14.00 |
1.074 |
4.770x10^-8 |
-7.3215 |
1741 |
51.1 |
324.36 |
3.084x10^-3 |
8.67 |
0.446 |
3.200x10^-8 |
-7.4949 |
1742 |
46.6 |
319.75 |
3.127x10^-3 |
15.33 |
0.386 |
1.565x10^-8 |
-7.8055 |
1743 |
41.9 |
315.05 |
3.174x10^-3 |
8.67 |
0.088 |
6.314x10^-8 |
-8.1977 |
1744 |
35.8 |
308.95 |
3.237x10^-3 |
40.00 |
0.150 |
2.332x10^-8 |
-8.6323 |
For calculation purposes the temperature readings T1 in °C are converted to the absolute temperatures T2 and inserted into equation 1.
Linear relationship between lgVT and 1/T (Equation (1)):
Coefficient A = 15.32
Coefficient B (slope) = -7400.73
Degree of precision: 99.9 %
Calculation of Vapor Pressure
Temperature (°C) |
Vapor Pressure (mbar) |
20 |
4.0 x 10^-6 |
25 |
1.0 x 10^-5 |
Description of key information
Comb (2000b)
Under the conditions of the study, the vapour pressure of the test material was found to be 1.4 x 10^-3 Pa at 25 °C. The volatility of the test material was estimated as Henry’s Law constant to be 1.7 x 10^-4 Pa.m^3.mol^-1.
O'Connor (1990)
Under the conditions of the study the estimated vapour pressure of the test material at 20 and 25 °C (293 and 298 K) are 0.093 Pa and 0.164 Pa respectively.
Gomez (1994)
Under the conditions of the study the vapour pressure of the test material at 25 °C was calculated to be 6.4 x 10^-4 Pa.
Supporting Study: Gückel (1998)
Under the conditions of the study the estimated vapour pressures of the test material at 20 and 25 °C are 4.0 x 10^-6 and 1.0 x 10^-5 mbar respectively.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Vapour pressure:
- 0.001 Pa
- at the temperature of:
- 25 °C
Additional information
Comb (2000b)
The vapour pressure of the test material was assessed according to OECD Test Guideline 104 and EU Method A.4. and in compliance with GLP using a vapour pressure balance. The study was awarded a reliability score of 1 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).
A check on the stability of the test material at elevated temperatures was performed by differential scanning calorimetry. No evidence of decomposition occurred below 90 ºC.
The microbalance was calibrated with a NAMAS calibrated 1 mg weight. It was found that 1 μg produced a deflection of 2.87 x 10^-03 V.
A quantity of test material (0.12 g) was added to the furnace. The apparatus was then assembled and evacuated to a pressure of less than 2 x 10^-05 Torr (3 x 10^-3 Pa).
After stabilisation at a given temperature, the shutter was opened to allow a stream of vapour to impact upon one balance pan. The temperature and pan deflection were recorded on a chart recorder.
The trace obtained enabled the calculation of mass difference. The furnace temperature was then raised in steps of 0.5 to 3.0 ºC and further measurements taken.
Three runs were performed between temperatures of 26 and 47.5 ºC. The same sample was used for each test, with the pressure being kept at less than 1 x 10^-5 Torr (2 x 10^-3 Pa) throughout.
Under the conditions of the study, the vapour pressure of the test material was found to be 1.4 x 10^-3 Pa at 25 °C. The volatility of the test material was estimated as Henry’s Law constant to be 1.7 x 10^-4 Pa.m^3.mol^-1.
O'Connor (1990)
The vapour pressure of the test material was assessed according to OECD Method 104, EEC Method A4, EPA FIFRA Subdivision D § 63-9 and in compliance with GLP. The study was awarded a reliability score of 1 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).
The vapour pressure was not measurable by the static measurement procedure (< 10 Pa) at 343 K (70 °C) thus the vapour pressure for the test material at 293 and 298 K (20 and 25 °C) is < 10 Pa. Using the theoretical boiling point of the test material (approx 280 °C) the vapour pressure was estimated from a graph correlating the boiling point at standard pressure for the particular class of chemicals.
Under the conditions of the study the estimated vapour pressure of the test material at 20 and 25 °C (293 and 298 K) are 0.093 Pa and 0.164 Pa respectively.
Gomez (1994)
The vapour pressure of the test material was assessed according to OECD Test Guideline 104 and in compliance with GLP using the gas saturation method. The study was awarded a reliability score of 1 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).
The stability of the test material mixed with the Raschig rings was checked at the end of all the tests by HPLC analysis. Three experiments were conducted at a flow rate of about 1 L/min at 50 °C. Three experiments were conducted at a flow rate of about 1 L/min at 35 °C. Three experiments were conducted at a flow rate of about 1 L/min at 20 °C. The vapour pressure was calculated using the Clausius Clapeyron equation.
The vapour pressures obtained at 50 °C varied from 2.64 x 10^-2 to 2.26 x 10^-2 Pa when the gas flow rate varied from 1 to 0.5 L/min. The variation was within the repeatability given for the gas saturation method (10 to 30 %). Therefore at 1 mL/min the carrier gas is assumed to be saturated and this flow rate was retained for the other determinations.
The preliminary tests showed that nearly all of the test material vapour was collected in the first trap. From the data obtained at three temperatures a vapour pressure curve was calculated. The values found for the constants of the Clausius Clapeyron equation are used to calculate the vapour pressure at 25 °C.
From the data on the water solubility at 20 °C and the vapour pressure at 20 °C, the calulated Henry's law constant is equal to 5.7 x 10 ^-05 Pa m^3 mol^-1 at 20 °C.
Under the conditions of the study the vapour pressure of the test material at 25 °C was calculated to be 6.4 x 10^-4 Pa.
Supporting Study: Gückel (1998)
The determination of the vapour pressure was carried out by thermo-gravimetric method based on evaporation rates. The study was awarded a reliability score of 4 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).
Under the conditions of the study the estimated vapour pressures of the test material at 20 and 25 °C are 4.0 x 10^-6 and 1.0 x 10^-5 mbar respectively.
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