slag, copper smelting

Basic toxicokinetics

Administrative data

Endpoint:

basic toxicokinetics in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: No GLP but other quality assurance

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2019

Report date:

2019

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Metal bioavailability was estimated through in vitro bio-accessibility testing in accordance Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Bioelution Testing of Metals, Inorganic Metal Compounds, and Metal-Containing Complex Materials: Simulated Gastric Fluid (Eurometaux, July 2016) which is based on ASTM D5517-07. Metal released to the medium were determined after 1 hour of agitation in a thermostatic orbital shaker at an agitation rate of 100 rpm and another hour to allow the sample to settle at 37°C.

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

other quality assurance

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Iron silicate, copper smelting and refining

EC Number:

701-480-0

Cas Number:

67711-92-6

IUPAC Name:

Iron silicate, copper smelting and refining

Details on test material:

The following samples were assesed:
Type Sample code
I, Granules, primary 6522
I, Granules, primary 6970
I, Granules, primary 7415
II, Granules, secondary 6366
II, Granules, secondary 6524
II, Granules, secondary 7000
III, Slow cooled, primary, stones 6361
III, Slow cooled, primary, stones 7410
IV, Slow cooled, secondary, stones 6520
III, Slow cooled, primary, fines 6519
II, Granules, secondary, fines 6172
Sample collection made according to the C1-sampling protocol (see IUCLID section 1.4)

Administration / exposure

Vehicle:

other: HCl 0.07 N, pH 1.5

Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:

1 hour agitation and 1 hour to allow the sample to settle

Results and discussion

Any other information on results incl. tables

Results provide a conservatove estimate of the bioaccesability of metals in copper final slag.

Elemental composition and metal concentrations obtained after bioelution tests

 

Type	Sample	Metal	Composition, (%)	Bio-elution (200 mg/l), µg/L	Relative release (%)	Bioaccessible concentration, (%)
I, Granules, primary	6522	As	<0.01	0.6	-	0.000
		Cd	<0.005	<0.05	-	0.000
		Co	0.351	8.6	1.20%	0.004
		Cr	0.146	29.1	10.00%	0.015
		Cu	0.622	71.00	5.70%	0.035
		Mo	0.15	40.40	13.00%	0.020
		Ni	0.03	5.40	9.00%	0.003
		Pb	0.019	2.90	7.60%	0.001
		Zn	0.997	157	7.90%	0.078
I, Granules, primary	6970	As	0.1	7.8	3.90%	0.004
		Cd	<0.01	0.14	-	0.000
		Co	0.021	1.3	3.10%	0.001
		Cr	0.019	<0.5	<0.13%	0.000
		Cu	1.27	52	2.10%	0.027
		Mo	0.627	33.7	2.70%	0.017
		Ni	<0.02	0.7	-	0.000
		Pb	0.181	11.2	3.10%	0.006
		Zn	0.939	51	2.70%	0.025
I, Granules, primary	7415	As	0.08	5	3.10%	0.002
		Cd	<0.01	0.63	-	0.000
		Co	0.02	1.6	3.90%	0.001
		Cr	0.04	<0.5	<0.063%	0.000
		Cu	0.88	36	2.00%	0.018
		Mo	0.17	9.3	2.70%	0.005
		Ni	0.05	1.8	1.80%	0.001
		Pb	0.28	19.1	3.40%	0.010
		Zn	1.38	74	2.70%	0.037
II, Granules, secondary		6366		As		<0.01		<0.5		-		0.000
				Cd		<0.005		0.11		-		0.000
				Co		0.04		8.4		10.00%		0.004
				Cr		0.661		11.7		0.88%		0.006
				Cu		0.49		42		4.30%		0.021
				Mo		0.028		7.2		13.00%		0.004
				Ni		0.022		2.3		5.30%		0.001
				Pb		0.452		93.5		10.00%		0.045
				Zn		5.84		1828		16.00%		0.934
II, Granules, secondary	6524	As	<0.01	<0.5	-	0.000
		Cd	<0.005	<0.05	-	0.000
		Co	0.041	2.9	3.50%	0.001
		Cr	1.07	1.8	0.08%	0.001
		Cu	1.12	41	1.80%	0.020
		Mo	0.054	4.1	3.80%	0.002
		Ni	0.168	7.5	2.20%	0.004
		Pb	0.313	17	2.70%	0.008
		Zn	3.51	157	2.20%	0.077
II, Granules, secondary	7000	As	<0.01	<0.5	-	0.000
		Cd	<0.01	0.11	0.54%	0.000
		Co	0.031	3.7	6.00%	0.002
		Cr	0.855	2.7	0.16%	0.001
		Cu	1.33	103	3.90%	0.052
		Mo	0.038	5	6.60%	0.003
		Ni	0.118	5.2	2.20%	0.003
		Pb	0.237	48.5	10.00%	0.024
		Zn	5.6	670	6.00%	0.353
III, Slow cooled, primary, stones	6361	As	<0.03	0.50	-	0.000
		Cd	<0.005	<0.05	-	0.000
		Co	0.159	5.7	1.80%	0.003
		Cr	0.16	<0.5	<0.16%	0.000
		Cu	0.433	19	2.10%	0.009
		Mo	0.051	1.6	1.60%	0.001
		Ni	0.014	1.1	4.00%	0.001
		Pb	0.277	21.5	3.80%	0.011
		Zn	0.82	27	1.60%	0.013
III, Slow cooled, primary, stones	7410	As	0.08	<0.5	0.00%	0.000
		Cd	<0.005	0.08	0.82%	0.000
		Co	0.03	0.9	1.60%	0.001
		Cr	0.04	<0.5	0.00%	0.000
		Cu	0.62	22	1.70%	0.011
		Mo	0.13	0.5	0.21%	0.000
		Ni	0.04	1.6	2.00%	0.001
		Pb	0.26	4.7	0.90%	0.002
		Zn	1.23	23	0.91%	0.011
IV, Slow cooled, secondary, stones	6520	As	<0.01	<0.5	-	0.000
		Cd	<0.005	<0.05	-	0.000
		Co	0.048	2.6	2.70%	0.0013
		Cr	0.706	<0.5	<0.035%	0.000
		Cu	1.15	101	4.40%	0.051
		Mo	0.021	2.1	4.90%	0.001
		Ni	0.24	5.7	1.20%	0.003
		Pb	0.43	119	14.00%	0.060
		Zn	3.18	166	2.60%	0.083
III, Slow cooled, primary, fines	6519	As	0.073	17.1	12.00%	0.009
		Cd	<0.005	0.5	-	0.000
		Co	0.065	21.5	17.00%	0.011
		Cr	<0.03	<0.5	-	0.000
		Cu	0.412	136	17.00%	0.070
		Mo	0.086	2.3	1.30%	0.001
		Ni	0.118	20.2	8.60%	0.010
		Pb	0.272	48.2	8.80%	0.024
		Zn	1.21	286	12.00%	0.145
II, Granules, secondary,	6172	As	<0.03	<0.5	-	0.000
fines		Cd	<0.005	0.25	-	0.000
		Co	0.059	9.9	8.40%	0.005
		Cr	0.44	9.7	1.10%	0.005
		Cu	0.509	46	4.50%	0.023
		Mo	0.017	4.4	13.00%	0.002
		Ni	0.028	3	5.20%	0.001
		Pb	0.577	107	9.30%	0.054
		Zn	5.66	1273	11.00%	0.623

 

 

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

The study can be used to estimate the amounts of metals in copper slag that are readily available for absorbtion and support conclusions on hazard classification.

Executive summary:

In-vitro bio-accessibility tests were performed in solvent that resembles gastric fluid according to the recommended Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Bioelution Testing of Metals, Inorganic Metal Compounds, and Metal-Containing Complex Materials: Simulated Gastric Fluid (Eurometaux, July 2016) which is based on ASTM D5517-07. The extent of dissolution of Copper final slags was investigated by exposing the slags to simulated gastric fluid at 37 °C and at pH 1.5 for 2 hours (0.2 g/L and 2 g/L loading). During the experiment the test vessels were agitated at a speed of 100 revolutions per minute (rpm) for 1 hour followed by 1 hour of setting (without shaking). The fraction of metals that solubilize under these conditions can be considered as worst case determinant of bio-accessibility of metals contained in the slag. The bio-elution endpoints were based on the dissolved arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, lead and zinc concentrations obtained after 2 hours of extraction. Results demonstrate reduced relative bio-accessibility of metals (relative releases Cu 0.02 – 0.17, Co 0.01-0.17, Ni 0.01 – 0.09, Pb 0.01 – 0.14).