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EC number: 246-278-9 | CAS number: 24468-13-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 985
- Report date:
- 1985
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-ethylhexyl chloroformate
- EC Number:
- 246-278-9
- EC Name:
- 2-ethylhexyl chloroformate
- Cas Number:
- 24468-13-1
- Molecular formula:
- C9H17ClO2
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-ethylhexyl carbonochloridate
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): 2-Ethylhexylchlorformiat (2-ethylhexylchloroformate)
- Physical state: liquid
- Analytical purity: 99%
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): phosgene and Di-2ethylhexylcarbonate
- Storage condition of test material: dry, cool, in glas containers
- Sability under storage conditions > 2 years
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Dr. K Thomae GmbH
- Age at study initiation: ca 8 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 251 ± 44 (male); 178 ± 25 (female)
- Housing: in groups of five in cages type D III of Becker.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum: laboratory diet 10 mm (Klingenthalmühle, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland)
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum: drinking water
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20-24°C
- Humidity (%): 30-70 %
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: vapour
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- other: unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- Generation of inhalation atmospheres: a vapor/air mixture was generated by a continuous infusion pump and a glass vaporizer with thermostat. The vapor was mixed with supply air and passed into the ventilation system. The temperatures in the exposure systems ranged from 19-25 °C. The pressure ratios in the inhalation system were adjusted so that the amount of discharge air was about 3% less than air supply negative pressure) in order to avoid contamination of laboratory air.
- Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- gas chromatography
- Duration of exposure:
- 4 h
- Concentrations:
- 0.37; 0.27; 0.21; 0.18 mg/L
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Weighing was performed at day of applicaion, 7 days after application and14 days after application (termination of the study). Observation of clinical signs was several times on the day of administration and once daily afterwards with the except on weekends and on holidays.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, mean body weight - Statistics:
- The LC50 value was analyzed according to the Probit analysis of Finney (1971) using a computer program.
Results and discussion
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- ca. 0.27 mg/L air (analytical)
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 0.24 mg/L air (analytical)
- 95% CL:
- > 0.21 - < 0.27
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Sex:
- female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- > 0.27 - < 0.37 mg/L air (analytical)
- Mortality:
- None of the animals exposed to 0.13 mg/l died. With one exception deaths occurred at the higher concentrations on the day of exposure or the day after (For details see table below).
- Clinical signs:
- other: During exposure: closed lids; bloody nasal and eye discharge; forced breathing ; apathy; restlessness; hunched posture (0.27 mg/L); ruffled fur. After exposure: forced breathing, breathing sound, gasping (0.37 mg/L); reddish nasal discharge, encrustation
- Body weight:
- Compared with historical controls, body weight gain was affected in male and female animals of the two low dose groups. Overallbody weight development of the surviving animals was positive.
- Gross pathology:
- Gross pathology revealed general congestion in several animals that died, pulmonary emphysema in all died animals, and additionally pneumonia in 2 females that died late.
There were no pathological findings in animals that were sacrificed.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Dose (mg/L) |
Males (dead/exposed) |
Females (dead/exposed) |
0.37 |
10/10 |
10/10 |
0.27 |
7/10 |
2/10 |
0.21 |
4/10 |
1/10 |
0.18 |
0/10 |
0/10 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- 2 -ethylhexylchloroformate is very toxic by inhalation
- Executive summary:
The study is according to OECD 403 with acceptable restrictions mostly due to limited documentation (e.g. only mean body weights are reported) and no GLP. Groups of rats (10 per sex and does) were exposed to 0.37; 0.27; 0.21; 0.18 mg/L 2 -ethylhexylchhloroformate for 4 h. The test atmosphere concentration has been determined by gas chromatograhy. None of the animals exposed to 0.13 mg/l died. The LD50 is 0.27 mg/L/4h. With one exception deaths occurred at the higher concentrations on the day of exposure or the day after. Gross pathology revealed pulmonary emphysema in all died animals, and additionally pneumonia in 2 females that died late. There were no pathological findings in animals that were sacrificed.
Conclusion. 2 -ethylhexylchloroformate is very toxic by inhalation
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