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EC number: 221-435-4 | CAS number: 3091-25-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- October to November 1978
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study conducted to a method similar to current international protocols, with a few deviations from standard test guidelines and/or minor methodological deficiencies, which do not affect the quality of the relevant results.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 978
- Report date:
- 1979
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- No E. coli strain used to assess cross linking, solvent control was considered to be mutagenic to TA98 and D4
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Trichlorooctylstannane
- EC Number:
- 221-435-4
- EC Name:
- Trichlorooctylstannane
- Cas Number:
- 3091-25-6
- Molecular formula:
- C8H17Cl3Sn
- IUPAC Name:
- trichlorooctylstannane
- Details on test material:
- N-Octylzinntrichlorid, Monooctyltin Trichloride [CAS No. 3091-25-6]; clear, colorless liquid, source: Schering AG.
Constituent 1
Method
- Target gene:
- Histidine requirement
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- other: Salmonella typhimurium TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98, TA100; Saccharomyces cerevisiae D4
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Sprague Dawley adult male rat liver S9 homogenate
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 0.005, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0 µl/plate
- Vehicle / solvent:
- Ethanol
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- no
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Ethanol used as vehicle
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: Non-activation: N-methyl, n-nitro, n-nitrosoguanidine (TA-1535, TA-100 and D4), 9-aminoacridine (TA-1537), 2-nitrofluorene (TA-1538 and TA-98); Activation: 2-anthramine for all test systems
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- Ames test: Ames, B.N., J. McCann, and E. Yamasaki. 1975. Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test. Mutation Res. 31:347-364.
Salmonella strains were routinely checked for the his, uvrB, rfa, and pKM 101 phenotypes. Only appropriately screened stock cultures were used for chemical evaluations.
Ethanol was used to prepare the stock solution and all dilutions of the test chemical.
Positive (with and without metabolic activation) and negative (solvent - ethanol) controls were tested concurrently with the test substance.
Metabolic Activation: Reaction mixture was prepared with 4 µmol/ml of TPN (Sodium salt), 5 µmol/ml glucose-6-phosphate, 100 µmol/ml sodium phosphate (dibasic), 8 µmol/ml MgCl2, 33 µmol/ml KCl, and 0.1 +/- 0.05 ml S9 Homogenate fraction. The S9 Homogenate was prepared using 9,000 x g supernatant from Sprague-Dawley adult male rat liver induced by Aroclor 1254 five days prior to sacrifice (according to the procedure of Ames et al., 1975). S9 samples were assayed for mg protein/ml and relative P448/P450 activity by methods described in LBI Technical Data on Rat Liver S9 Product.
Positive controls (without activation): N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (10 µg/plate) for the base-pair substitution mutants TA1535 and TA100, and S. cerevisia D4. 2-Nitroflourene (10 µg/plate) for the frameshift mutants TA1538 and TA98. 9-Aminoacridine (50 µg/plate) for the frameshift mutant TA1537.
Positive controls (with activation): 2-Anthramine (2.5 µg/plate) for all test strains.
Approximately 1 x 10E8 cells from an overnight culture of each indicator strain were added to separate test tubes containing 2.0 mL of agar supplemented with biotin and histidine. The test without metabolic activation included 6 dose levels added to the contents of the test tubes and poured over the agar plates. In the tests with metabolic activation, 6 dose levels were added to the appropriate test tubes containing an aliquot (0.5 mL) of the reaction mixture and then poured on the agar plate. The plates were incubated for 48 hrs at 37 deg. C and scored for the number of colonies growing on each plate. D4 yeast plates were incubated at 30 deg. C for 3-5 days and then scored. Positive and solvent controls were run concurrently with each assay. - Evaluation criteria:
- Evaluation Criteria for Ames Assay:
Because the procedures used to evaluate the mutagenicity of the test chemical are semiquantitative, the criteria used to determine positive effects are inherently subjective and are based primarily on a historical data base. Most data sets are evaluated using the following criteria:
1. Strains TA-1535, TA-1537 and TA-1538
If the solvent control value is within the normal range, a chemical that produces a positive dose response over three concentrations with the lowest increase equal to twice the solvent control value is considered to be mutagenic.
2. Strains TA-98, TA-100 and D4
If the solvent control value is within the normal range, a chemical that produces a positive dose response over three concentrations with the highest increase equal to twice the solvent control value for TA-100 and 2-3 times the solvent control value for strains TA-98 and D4 is considered to be
mutagenic. For these strains t the dose-response increase should start at approximately the solvent control value.
3. Pattern
Because TA-1535 and TA-100 are both derived from the same parental strain (G-46) and because TA-1538 and TA-98 are both derived from the same parental strain (D3052), there is a built-in redundancy in the microbial assay. In general, the two strains of a set respond to the same mutagen and such a pattern is sought. It is also anticipated that if a given strain, e.g., TA-1537, responds to a mutagen in nonactivation tests, it will generally do so in activation tests (the converse of this relationship is not expected). While similar response patterns are not required for all mutagens, they can
be used to enhance the reliability of an evaluation decision.
4. Reproducibility
If a chemical produces a response in a single test that cannot be reproduced in one or more additional runs, the initial positive test data lose significance. - Statistics:
- No statistical analyses were conducted for this study. The numbers of colonies on each plate were counted and recorded. The data were analyzed using an unspecified computer program. The results were presented as revertants (or convertants for D4) per plate for each strain. Positive and solvent controls were provided as reference points.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Species / strain:
- other: Salmonella typhimurium TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98, TA100; Saccharomyces cerevisiae D4
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- Toxicity observed with all strains except TA-98 at the 10 ul dose. Toxicity was also observed at 5 ul/plate with TA-1537, TA-1538 and D4. TA-98 exhibited toxicity at 1, 5, and 10 ul/plate in the activation assay only.
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not examined
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- The compound was tested for genotoxicity using the Salmonella and Saccharomyces in vitro assays, with and without the presence of liver microsomal enzyme preparations from Aroclor-induced rats. The compound was tested at concentrations between 0.005-10 µL/plate. The lowest dose did not demonstrate any toxic effect, while the highest dose showed evidence of some chemically-induced physiological effect. The test substance exhibited toxicity with all strains except TA98 at the 10 µL/plate dose level. Toxicity was also observed at 5 µL/plate with the strains TA1537, TA1538, and D4. TA98 also exhibited toxicity at 1, 5, and 10 µL/plate in the activation assay only.
The results of the mutagenicity tests conducted with octyltin trichloride in both the absence and presence of a metabolic activation system were negative.
According to the May 1979 revised version of the report, the test with yeast strain D4 was repeated in the presence of S9, because of the increased number of convertants observed in the initial test. The repeat test was negative and the number of convertants observed with various doses of test material were similar to the solvent control values. - Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative
The results of the mutagenicity tests conducted with octyltin trichloride in the absence or presence of a metabolic activation system were all negative. - Executive summary:
Octyltin trichloride was examined for mutagenic activity in a series of in vitro microbial assays employing Salmonella and Saccharomyces indicator organisms. The compound was tested directly and in the presence of liver microsomal enzyme preparations from Aroclor-induced rats. The compound was tested over a series of concentrations such that there was either quantitative or qualitative evidence of some chemically-induced physiological effect at the highest dose level. The low dose in all cases was below a concentration that demonstrated any toxic effect. The dose range employed for the evaluation of this compound was from 0.005 ul to 10 ul per plate.
The test compound exhibited toxicity with all the strains except TA-98 at the 10 ul dose 1evel. Toxicity was also observed at 5 ul per plate with the strains TA-1537, TA-1538 and D4. TA-98 exhibited toxicity at 1, 5 and 10 ul per plate in the activation assay only.
The results of the mutagenicity tests conducted with the compound in the absence or presence of a metabolic activation system were all negative.
In conclusion, the test compound, n-octyltin trichloride, did not demonstrate genetic activity in any of the assays conducted in this evaluation and was considered not mutagenic under these test conditions.
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