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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 208-778-5 | CAS number: 541-41-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
Stability
The parent compound ethyl chloroformate hydrolyses fast (DT50 = 20 min at 25 °C and pH 7) to ethanol, HCl and CO2 (OECD TG 111; SafePharm, 2003). Ethanol, however, is hydrolytically stable (OECD, 2005).
In air, ethyl chloroformate is expected to be photodegraded by OH-radicals with a half-life of 9.66 d (US EPA, 2008). This estimation refers to dry air. In mist, rain, droplets and aerosols hydrolysis will be the major fate process in air due to the short half-life in aqueous solutions.
Hydrolysis product ethanol: Based on the selected value of 3.27E-12 cm³/(molecule*sec) for the measured OH radical rate constant at 25 °C (OECD, 2005) and assuming a 24-h day with a mean concentration of 0.5E06 OH/cm³, a half-life of 4.9 ± 1 d can be calculated.
Biodegradation
Ethyl chloroformate was shown to be readily biodegradable in the MITI-(I)-test following OECD TG 301C. However, ethyl chloroformate is rapidly hydrolysed (half-life = 20 min, pH 7, 25 °C) to ethanol, HCl and CO2. Therefore, the results are most likely related to the hydrolysate. In separate tests, the hydrolysis product ethanol was shown to be readily biodegradable ( Price et al., 1974; OECD, 2005). Regarding the hydrolysis products HCl and CO2, biodegradation is not applicable due to the inorganic character of these molecules.
Bioaccumulation
Due to the low log Kow of the parent compound and its hydrolysis products, significant accumulation in organisms is not to be expected (BASF SE, 2008; OECD, 2005).
Transport and distribution
The estimated low Koc values of the parent compound and the hydrolysis product indicate no significant potential for adsorption to soils or sediments (US EPA, 2008; OECD, 2005).
A high Henry's Law Constant (HLC) of 316 Pa m³/mol was estimated for ethyl chloroformate (US EPA, 2008). However, it is rapidly hydrolysed to ethanol, CO2 and HCl.
Based on a calculated HLC of 0.6 Pa m³/mol, ethanol will not evaporate into the atmosphere from the water surface (OECD, 2005).
Following the Mackay Level I calculations, the parent compound will preferentially distribute into the air (86.8%) and water (13.2%) (BASF SE, 2008). The hydrolysis product ethanol is expected to preferentially distribute into the compartments air (48.1%) and water (51.9%) (BASF SE, 2008). Mackay Level III calculations reveal that ethanol would predominantly distribute into water (45.8 %) and soil (45.6 %) (BASF SE, 2008).Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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