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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 202-879-8 | CAS number: 100-69-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: dermal
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: dermal
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1981
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Similar to guideline (U.S. EPA OPP) method.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 992
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPP 81-2 (Acute Dermal Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- This study utilized an EPA approved guideline study format (40 CFR 789.1100).
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-vinylpyridine
- EC Number:
- 202-879-8
- EC Name:
- 2-vinylpyridine
- Cas Number:
- 100-69-6
- Molecular formula:
- C7H7N
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-ethenylpyridine
- Details on test material:
- 98.7%
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Animals were individually housed in suspended stainless steel cages. Animal rooms were maintained at 68 ± 3 degrees F, relative humidity of 30-70%, with a minimum of 10-13 complete air changes per hour, and a 12 hour light-dark cycle. Animals were supplied with a commercial rabbit ration and municipal tap water ad libitum. There were no known contaminants present in the feed, water or bedding expected to interfere with the test data. Upon receipt, animals were quarantined under the same conditions as for the actual test.
The application sites were prepared by clipping the skin of the trunk free of hair approximately 24 hours prior to application of the test substance. The site of application was not abraded intentionally nor accidently during the preparation. The test substance was introduced under gauze patches and applied directly to the skin. The patches were secured in place by wrapping the entrie trunk of the animal with Vetrap impervious bandaging (3M, St. Louis, MO). At the completion of the exposure period, the wrapping was removed and the skin gently wiped and rinsed with USP water, to remove any test substance still remaining.
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on dermal exposure:
- Substance was applied undiluted to clipped skin of the back area corresponding to about 10% of the total body surface area. At the completion of the exposure period, the wrapping was removed and the skin gently wiped and rinsed with USP water, to remove any test substance remaining. The animals were observed for signs of erythema and edema after the 24-hour exposure period.
- Duration of exposure:
- 24 hours
- Doses:
- 0.9, 0.65 and 0.40 g/kg body weight.
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- After a 24 hour exposure, the wrappings were removed and the site was washed with water and dried. The animals were observed and weighed over a 14-day period. Skin reactions were graded according to the Draize Scale for Scoring Skin Reactions (Erythema and Eschar formation (0 to 4) and Edema formation (0 to 4). Upon sacrifice or death, necropsies were undertaken.
- Statistics:
- LD50 program of RJ Tallarida and RB Murray, "Litchfield and Wilcoxon II, Manual of Pharmacologic Calculations with Computer Programs, Springer-Verlag, NY, 1986, pp. 159-164.
Results and discussion
- Preliminary study:
- All rabbits died at the 1.0 g/kg dose level. Erythema (necrosis) and edema (scores =4) were noted on all animals on Day 1. The doses selected for the LD50 study were 0.40, 0.65, and 0.90 g/kg.
Effect levels
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- 650 mg/kg bw
- Mortality:
- All animals in the 0.90 g/kg dose group died within the first hour following application of the test substance. In the 0.65 g/kg dose group, 8 of 10 animals died within 3 hours following dosing.
- Clinical signs:
- other: Clinical signs in the 0.90 and 0.65 g/kg dose groups included cyanosis, tachypnea and asphyxial convulsions. Skin reactions scores for erythema were 2 and 3, and for edema were 1 and 2 for both dose groups
- Gross pathology:
- At gross necropsy, animals displayed hemorrhaging of the nictitating membrane, lung, and heart, and cyanosis of the ears.
- Other findings:
- In the low dose group, only skin signs were observed (Erythema of 2 and 3, and Edema of 1 and 2).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 2 based on GHS criteria
- Remarks:
- Migrated information
- Conclusions:
- LD50 in rabbits was 0.64 g or 640 mg/kg body weight after a 24-hour occluded exposure to 2-Vinylpyridine. This corresponds to GHS Acute Dermal Toxicity Category II.
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