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EC number: 218-871-2 | CAS number: 2269-22-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Hydrolysis
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
For the aluminium alkoxides, there is a two-step process of degradation. The first step is the hydrolysis of the aluminum alkoxides to their constituent linear alcohols and alumina.
The reaction mechanism is described in depth in Brinker and Scherer (1990), who indicate that under neutral, acid or base conditions it is expected that the hydrolysis and condensation reactions would be quite rapid. While no rates of hydrolysis for aluminum alkoxides are available in the literature, data for silicone alkoxide show rapid hydrolysis (log Kspont) in aqueous systems. Log Kspont values within the pH range 4 to 10 vary from approximately -4 at neutral pH to -2 at both acid and base pH. Since this reaction is acid catalyzed, the rate at pH 1 is anticipated to extend even further upward from the "acidic portion" of the curve.
Based on reaction dynamics, aluminium alkoxide would be expected to be even faster than silicone alkoxide under both environmental and physiological conditions (Brinker and Scherer 1990).
Under neutral conditions, it is expected that both hydrolysis and condensation of aluminium alkoxides occur by nucleophilic addition, followed by proton transfer and elimination of either water or alcohol in a manner analogous to transition metal alkoxides. Likewise, both of these reactions are catalyzed by addition of either acid or base. Acids protonate OR or OH ligands creating good leaving groups and eliminating the requirements for proton transfer in the intermediate. Bases deprotonate water or OH ligands, creating strong nucleophiles. (Brinker and Scherer 1990).
The findings as described above are also observed in a limited reported hydrolysis study on the structural analogue aluminium tributanolate (Ineos 2018).
0.009
mol of aluminium tributanolate was added to 5.345 mol water (initial
concentration 22.8 g/L) under continuous stirring. The resulting
solution was hazy white. After further vigorously stirring for 4 hours,
the solution was filtered to remove insoluble (aluminium compounds) and
a sample of the resulting solution was analysed by gas-chromatography
(no details available) for 1-butanol. The analyses showed that 1-butanol
was present at 2.1%, which confirms almost complete hydrolysis.
Temperature measurements did not show an increase in temperature of the
initial solution during the stirring time, which would have been
expected for the exothermic hydrolysis reaction. It seems, however, that
the exothermic effect at the low concentration tested has been minimal.
No information on pH changes during the reaction is available, but in a
similar limited reported test with the substance it self (Sasol 2000) no
effects on pH were reported either (pH 8.5). It is shown that at this pH
the aluminium species present are mainly Al(OH)4-,
Al(OH)3and
Al(OH)2+(see
Langmuir et al. 2004, Issue paper on the environmental chemistry of
metals, US EPA Contract #68 -C-02 -060). The identity of aluminium3
+ species was not
determined either of the experiments available.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Half-life for hydrolysis:
- 4 h
Additional information
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