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Reaction mass of 2-{[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]amino}ethanaminium chloride and 2-{benzyl[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]amino}ethanaminium chloride and N-[2-(benzylamino)ethyl]-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propan-1-aminium chloride and N-[2-(dibenzylamino)ethyl]-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propan-1-aminium chloride and N-benzyl-2-{benzyl[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]amino}ethanaminium chloride and N-benzyl-N-[2-(dibenzylamino)ethyl]-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propan-1-aminium chloride.
EC number: 700-961-2 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Effects on fertility
Description of key information
According
to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, Annex IX, 8.7.3. column 1, an extended
one-generation study for the assessment of reproductive toxicity is not
required if no adverse effects on reproductive organs were reported in
the subchronic 90-day study. A 90-day repeated dose toxicity study with
special emphasis on the male and female reproductive tissues is
available for reaction mass containing six benzylated amine silanes.
There was no effect of toxicological relevance on epididymal sperm
motility and testicular sperm count at the end of the treatment and
recovery period. Sperm staging did not reveal any indication of
toxicity. The registered substance had no effect on estrous cycle
evaluated 4, 8 and 12 weeks after the first administration and in the
last week of the recovery period. Thus, no further testing is required.
Effect on fertility: via oral route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
Effect on fertility: via inhalation route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Effect on fertility: via dermal route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Effects on developmental toxicity
Description of key information
OECD TG 414 (GLP, rat): NOAEL (maternal toxicity) = 1000 mg/kg bw/day; NOAEL (developmental toxicity) = 1000 mg/kg bw/day
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- developmental toxicity
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 414 (Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 22 January 2001
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- (Bayerisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, Germany)
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Remarks:
- Crl: WI(Han) (Full Barrier)
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River, 97633 Sulzfeld, Germany
- Age at study initiation: approx. 11-12 weeks old
- Weight at study initiation: males: 330 - 372 g; females: 196 - 250 g
- Housing: Individually housed in IVC cages on saw fiber bedding (except during the pre-mating period when females were kept in groups of two animals and during mating period when two females were paired with one male). During the pre-mating period and after mating, males were housed in groups (2 animals / cage) in IVC cages.
- Diet: Altromin 1324 maintenance diet provided ad libitum
- Water: Tap water, sulphur acidified to a pH of approximately 2.8 provided ad lititum
- Acclimation period: 6 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 ± 3
- Humidity (%): 55 ± 10
- Air changes (per hr): 10
- Photoperiod: 12 hrs dark / 12 hrs light
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- DMSO
- Details on exposure:
- PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS: The test item formulation was prepared at least once every 7 days based on available stability data.
VEHICLE
- Justification for use and choice of vehicle (if other than water): Based on the test item’s characteristics (hydrolysis in water) and poor miscibility with the standard vehicles corn oil, olive oil or paraffin oil.
- Concentration in vehicle: 100%
- Amount of vehicle (if gavage): 2 mL/kg bw
- Lot/batch no. (if required): SZBF0910V and SZBG1310 - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- General homogeneity and stability of the test item in the vehicle was investigated before start of the study at Evonik Technology & Infrastructure GmbH, Paul-Baumann-Str. 1, 45772 Marl, Germany in standalone studies under GLP. According to the results, formulations of the test item in DMSO were shown to be homogenous at both concentrations tested (50 mg/mL and 500 mg/mL, taken from top, middle and bottom of prepared formulations) (Evonik study AN-ASB 0711). Furthermore, the test item was shown to be stable in DMSO at 50 mg/mL for at least 24 hours at room temperature and for at least one week at 2-8 °C. Formulation at 500 mg/mL was regarded as stable for at least 11 days at room temperature and at 2-8 °C (Evonik study AN-ASB 0707).
Samples for analysis of concentration of the test item in the vehicle will be taken in the first and last week of the study for all doses (8 samples in total). General homogeneity and stability of the test item in the vehicle was investigated before start of the study at Evonik Technology & Infrastructure GmbH, Paul-Baumann-Str. 1, 45772 Marl, Germany in standalone studies under GLP. According to the results, formulations of the test item in DMSO were shown to be homogenous at both concentrations tested (50 mg/mL and 500 mg/mL, taken from top, middle and bottom of prepared formulations) (Evonik study AN-ASB 0711). Furthermore, the test item was shown to be stable in DMSO at 50 mg/mL for at least 24 hours at room temperature and for at least one week at 2-8 °C. Formulation at 500 mg/mL was regarded as stable for at least 11 days at room temperature and at 2-8 °C (Evonik study AN-ASB 0707). Samples for analysis of concentration of the test item in the vehicle will be taken in the first and last week of the study for all doses (8 samples in total). The quantitative determination of the Si-content and the corresponding calculated concentration of the test item in the dosing formulations will be performed by means of ICP-OES analysis by Evonik Technology & Infrastructure GmbH in a separate standalone study in accordance with GLP.
Nominal concentrations were confirmed for all dose groups, as measured concentrations were within acceptance criterion of 10%. All samples were homogenous, as the coefficient of variation between the different sampling locations (top, middle and bottom) was below 10%. - Details on mating procedure:
- - Impregnation procedure: cohoused
- M/F ratio per cage: 1:2 (male to female) ratio
- Proof of pregnancy: sperm in vaginal smear referred to as day 0 of pregnancy
- Any other deviations from standard protocol: Due to an increased number of non-pregnant females and/or mortality in the groups, after getting 100 sperm positive females, the remaining females were also mated and the two more obtained sperm positive females were assigned to the control group (female no. 101) and the LD group (female no. 102) in order to obtain about 20 pregnant females per group. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Gestation days 5 to 19
- Frequency of treatment:
- daily
- Duration of test:
- Gestation days 5 to 19
- Dose / conc.:
- 100 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Dose / conc.:
- 300 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Dose / conc.:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 26 female Wistar rats in the control group and the low dose group and of each 25 female Wistar rats in the medium dose group and the high dose group.
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Details on study design:
- - Dose selection rationale: Doses were selected based on the results of the dose range finding study (BSL Munich study no. 152905, non-GLP) and in consultation with the sponsor.
- Rationale for animal assignment: Mated females were assigned in an unbiased manner to the control and treatment groups ensuring that group mean body weights were comparable with each other. Each animal was assigned a unique identification number. - Maternal examinations:
- CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: General clinical observations were made at least once a day, preferably at the same time each day. The health condition of the animals was recorded. Twice daily all animals were observed for morbidity and mortality except on weekends and public holidays when observations were made once daily.
- Cage side observations included: check for spontaneous activity, lethargy, recumbent position, convulsions, tremors, apnea, asphyxia, vocalisation, diarrhea, changes in the skin and fur, eyes and mucous membranes (salivation, discharge), piloerection and pupil size. Changes in gait, posture, response to handling as well as the presence of clonic or tonic movements, stereotypes, difficult or prolonged parturition or bizarre behavior were recorded if present
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: All animals were weighed once before initiation of pairing to ensure that the body weights are within ±20% variation. The sperm positive females were weighed during gestations days 0, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17 and 20. Males were not weighed in this study except once before initiation of pairing.
FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE: Yes
- Food consumption for each animal determined and mean daily diet consumption calculated as g food/kg body weight/day: Yes
WATER CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE: No
POST-MORTEM EXAMINATIONS: Yes
- Sacrifice on gestation day # 20
- Organs examined: all gross lesions, lungs, trachea, larynx, esophagus, brain, head with paranasal sinuses (after flushing with fixative) and stomach. - Ovaries and uterine content:
- The ovaries and uterine content was examined after termination: Yes
Examinations included:
- Gravid uterus weight: Yes
- Number of corpora lutea: Yes
- Number of implantations: Yes
- Number of early resorptions: Yes
- Number of late resorptions: Yes - Fetal examinations:
- - External examinations: Yes, all per litter
- Soft tissue examinations: Yes, half per litter
- Skeletal examinations: Yes, half per litter
- Head examinations: Yes, the first 20 litters per group - Statistics:
- A statistical assessment of the results of the body weight, food consumption and litter data was performed by comparing values of dosed with control animals using a one-way ANOVA and a post-hoc Dunnett Test. Foetal evaluation parameters like external, visceral, craniofacial and skeletal parameters were analysed using Fisher’s exact test. The litter was used as the unit for data analysis. The statistics were performed with GraphPad Prism V.6.01 software (p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant).
- Historical control data:
- Wistar rat historical control data from prenatal developmental toxicity studies (years 2011-2015) were provided.
- Clinical signs:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Clinical signs are summarized in Table 1. Abnormal breathing was noted without dose-dependency in 1/26 females of the control group, 5/26 of the LD group, 5/25 of the MD group and 2/25 of the HD group during the treatment period of this study. Abnormal breathing was linked to regurgitation. Regurgitation was observed on single days of treatment directly after dose application without dose-dependency in 1/26 females of the control group, 2/26 females of the LD group, 3/25 females of the MD group and 1/25 females of the HD group. Salivation was noted dose-dependently in 4/26 females of the LD group, 15/25 females of the MD group and 19/25 females of the HD group on several days of treatment. Furthermore, moving the bedding was observed dose-dependently in 6/26 females of the LD group, 21/25 females of the MD group and 23/25 females of the HD group on several days of treatment. Moving the bedding and salivation were seen transiently in timely relation to dose administration and were considered as slight clinical signs elicited by local effects of the test item formulation and/or attributed to discomfort of the animals due to the oral administration, but not systemic toxicity. All other clinical signs were not considered treatment-related and incidental in nature.
- Dermal irritation (if dermal study):
- not examined
- Mortality:
- mortality observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence):
- Mortality was observed in all dose groups without clear dose-response. Therefore these effects are not considered to be related to systemic toxicity. These results are illustrated in Table 2. 2/26 females of the LD group were found dead (no. 31 on GD 17, no. 37 on GD 12), 1/25 females of the MD group (no. 72 on GD 18) and 3/25 females of the HD group (no. 86 on GD 8, no. 87 on GD 18 and no. 98 on GD 7).
- Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There were no biologically or statistically significant effects on body weight and body weight development in the dose groups when compared to the control group.
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There were no biologically or statistically significant effects in the dose groups when compared to the control group.
- Food efficiency:
- not examined
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not examined
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not examined
- Haematological findings:
- not examined
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- not examined
- Urinalysis findings:
- not examined
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- not examined
- Immunological findings:
- not examined
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Mean gravid uterus weights of treated animals were comparable to the control group.
- Gross pathological findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There were no toxicologically relevant gross pathological findings at necropsy; however, necropsy results are provided on Table 3 below. At necropsy, discolored dark lung was noted in both intercurrently dead females of the LD group (no. 31 and 37), the dead female of the MD group (no. 72) and in 1/3 intercurrently dead females of the HD group (no. 86). Furthermore, intestines were noted to be gas filled in one intercurrently dead female of the HD group (no. 98), in both dead females of the LD group and also discolored (dark) in one of them (no. 37). The heart was noted to be discolored (light) in the dead female no. 72 of the MD group.
Single further macroscopic findings in surviving animals were noted without dose-dependency and were considered as incidental. Non-pregnant female no. 8 of the control group was noted with fluid filled uterus and oviducts. In female no. 84 of the HD group, discoloration of the liver and the fat tissue next to kidneys was noted. - Neuropathological findings:
- not examined
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- not examined
- Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- not examined
- Other effects:
- not examined
- Number of abortions:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- None of the females showed signs of abortion or premature delivery prior to the scheduled sacrifice.
- Pre- and post-implantation loss:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Pre- and post-implantation loss were unaffected in all dose groups when compared to the control group.
- Total litter losses by resorption:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There were no treatment-related changes in the total litter losses by resorption for all dose groups when compared to the control group.
- Early or late resorptions:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There were no treatment-related changes in the number of early and/or late resorptions for all dose groups when compared to the control group.
- Dead fetuses:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There were no treatment-related changes in the number of dead fetuses found for all dose groups when compared to the control group. One dead fetus was found in the MD group and was considered as incidental.
- Changes in pregnancy duration:
- not examined
- Changes in number of pregnant:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Successful mating resulted in 23/26 pregnancies in the LD group, 25/25 in the MD group and 21/25 in the HD group when compared to 22/26 pregnancies in the control group.
- Other effects:
- not examined
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect level:
- other: No adverse effects observed up to the highest dose tested.
- Abnormalities:
- no effects observed
- Fetal body weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Litter data is presented in Table 4 below. There were no treatment-related changes to fetal body weight at any dose level when compared to the control group; however, mean fetus weight was marginally but statistically significantly higher in the LD and the MD group but not the HD group when compared to the control group (3 and 4 %, respectively).
- Reduction in number of live offspring:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There were no treatment-related changes to the number of live offspring at any dose level when compared to the control group.
- Changes in sex ratio:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There were no treatment-related changes to the sex ratio at any dose level when compared to the control group.
- Changes in litter size and weights:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There were no treatment-related changes in litter size and weight at any dose level when compared to the control group.
- Changes in postnatal survival:
- not examined
- External malformations:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There were no external abnormalities considered to be of toxicological relevance in any of the dose groups. Statistical analysis of litter incidences showed no significant differences to the control group.
- Skeletal malformations:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Selected skeletal changes are presented in Table 5 below. Although skeletal changes were observed (some statistically significant), none were considered treatment related. Slightly but not statistically significantly increased litter incidence of unossified 5th sternebra was seen in the MD (20.00%) and the HD group (21.05%) when compared to the control group (5.00%). Statistical analysis showed no significant differences to the control group except for a higher litter incidence of increased ossification of calcaneus in the HD group (21.05%) compared to 0.00% in controls, higher litter incidence of unossified 5th metacarpal in the HD group (52.63%) compared to 15.00% in controls and lower litter incidence of incomplete ossification of parietal bones in the HD group (10.53%) compared to 45.00% in controls. Additionally, the variation of wavy ribs was seen in moderately less fetuses of the HD group when compared to the control group with achieving statistical significance (litter incidence 5.26% compared to 35.00% in controls). This was considered as incidental. One fetus (no. 5) of dam no. 60 of the MD group was affected with multiple rare abnormalities including wide 1st sternebra and misaligned sternebra (classified as grey zones) and malformations such as proximal branched rib, proximal fused ribs, absent rib, fused and misshapen cartilage of atlas and axis, fused cervical arches, fused cartilage of 1st cervical arch with cartilage of exoccipitals, malpositioned or absent thoracic centrum and absent thoracic arch. As only one single fetus of an intermediate dose group was affected, these findings were considered as incidental in nature without relation to the treatment with the test item.
- Visceral malformations:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Observed findings were either minor variations and/or due to a lack of dose-dependency and consistency, no toxicological significance can be attributed to these findings and they were considered to be spontaneous in nature. Incidences of observed findings were well within historical control data.
- Other effects:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Craniofacial examination revealed few findings (dilated third ventricle, dilated lateral ventricle, retinal fold and small pituitary gland) at low frequencies generally comparable to or in some cases slightly higher or lower in frequency compared to controls without any dose-dependent trend. Statistical analysis of the data revealed no significant effect. These findings were considered to be spontaneous in nature and not related to the treatment with the test item.
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: no adverse effect up to the highest dose tested
- Abnormalities:
- no effects observed
- Developmental effects observed:
- no
Reference
Table 1: Clinical Observations - Females
Clinical Finding |
C |
LD |
MD |
HD |
Total number of animals examined |
26 |
26 |
25 |
25 |
abnormal breathing |
1 |
5 |
5 |
2 |
alopecia |
1 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
increased salivation |
0 |
4 |
15 |
19 |
moving the bedding |
0 |
6 |
21 |
23 |
piloerection |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
vocalisation |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
regurgitation of formulation |
1 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
Table 2: Mortality Summary
Group |
Gender |
Day and Cause of Death |
|||
Female |
|||||
C |
0/26 |
- |
|||
LD |
2/26 |
Found dead: no. 31 (GD 17) |
|||
MD |
1/25 |
Found dead: no. 72 (GD 18) |
|||
HD |
3/25 |
Found dead: no. 86 (GD 8) |
|||
Animals affected / total number of animals |
|||||
Given in brackets: study day of death, GD = gestation day |
Table 3: Macroscopic Findings - Females
Organ |
Finding |
C |
LD |
MD |
HD |
Total number of animals examined |
26 |
26 |
25 |
25 |
|
brain |
autolytic |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
caecum |
gas filled |
0 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
dark red |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|
cervix |
fluid filled |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
colon |
gas filled |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
duodenum |
gas filled |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
dark red |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|
heart |
discoloured light |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
ileum/ Peyer's patches |
gas filled |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
dark red |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|
jejunum/ Peyer's patches |
gas filled |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
dark red |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|
kidney |
fat next to kidneys (B) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
discoloured yellow |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
liver |
autolytic |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
focus discoloured yellow diffuse on right lateral lobe |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
fatty |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
lung |
discoloured dark |
0 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
oviduct |
fluid filled |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
stomach |
dark red |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
gas filled |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
|
uterus |
fluid filled |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Table 4:Litter Data
Group |
|
Number of Males |
Number of Females |
Total No. of Foetuses |
Mean Foetus Weight (g) |
Male Foetus Weight (g) |
Female Foetus Weight (g) |
Mean Foetus Weight (g) |
Total Litter Weight (g) |
Male Litter Weight (g) |
Female Litter Weight (g) |
C |
Mean |
6.59 |
5.27 |
11.86 |
3.41 |
3.49 |
3.32 |
3.39 |
40.47 |
22.97 |
17.50 |
SD |
1.97 |
1.70 |
2.19 |
0.31 |
0.33 |
0.26 |
0.18 |
8.61 |
7.50 |
5.91 |
|
N |
22 |
22 |
22 |
261 |
145 |
116 |
22 |
22 |
22 |
22 |
|
LD |
Mean |
5.38 |
5.38 |
10.76 |
3.53** |
3.61* |
3.44* |
3.55 |
37.96 |
19.44 |
18.51 |
SD |
2.67 |
2.25 |
3.37 |
0.42 |
0.39 |
0.43 |
0.35 |
11.18 |
9.24 |
7.58 |
|
N |
21 |
21 |
21 |
226 |
113 |
113 |
21 |
21 |
21 |
21 |
|
MD |
Mean |
5.08 |
5.75 |
10.83 |
3.54** |
3.62* |
3.46* |
3.59 |
38.30 |
18.41 |
19.89 |
SD |
1.86 |
1.98 |
2.68 |
0.44 |
0.42 |
0.43 |
0.42 |
8.88 |
6.36 |
6.66 |
|
N |
24 |
24 |
24 |
260 |
122 |
138 |
24 |
24 |
24 |
24 |
|
HD |
Mean |
5.58 |
6.16 |
11.74 |
3.46 |
3.58 |
3.36 |
3.48 |
40.66 |
19.99 |
20.67 |
SD |
2.46 |
2.14 |
2.16 |
0.44 |
0.47 |
0.37 |
0.37 |
7.44 |
9.03 |
7.09 |
|
N |
19 |
19 |
19 |
223 |
106 |
117 |
19 |
19 |
19 |
19 |
|
Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences to reference item group, with* p<0.05, ** p<0.01 and *** p<0.001. |
|
|
Table 5:Fetal Skeletal Findings
Skeletal Finding |
Group |
||||
C |
LD |
MD |
HD |
||
Skull parietal (B) incomplete ossification |
No of Incidences |
12 |
8 |
13 |
3 |
Total No of Observed Foetuses |
121 |
110 |
114 |
117 |
|
% Fetal Incidence |
9.92 |
7.27 |
11.40 |
2.56 |
|
No of Litters with at least 1 Incidence |
9 |
6 |
7 |
2* |
|
Total No of Observed Litters |
20 |
20 |
20 |
19 |
|
% Litter Incidence |
45.00 |
30.00 |
35.00 |
10.53 |
|
Ribs wavy |
No of Incidences |
12 |
10 |
8 |
1 |
Total No of Observed Foetuses |
121 |
110 |
114 |
117 |
|
% Fetal Incidence |
9.92 |
9.09 |
7.02 |
0.85 |
|
No of Litters with at least 1 Incidence |
7 |
7 |
6 |
1* |
|
Total No of Observed Litters |
20 |
20 |
20 |
19 |
|
% Litter Incidence |
35.00 |
35.00 |
30.00 |
5.26 |
|
Forelimb metacarpal(s) unossified |
No of Incidences |
4 |
15 |
18 |
18 |
Total No of Observed Foetuses |
121 |
110 |
114 |
117 |
|
% Fetal Incidence |
3.31 |
13.64 |
15.79 |
15.38 |
|
No of Litters with at least 1 Incidence |
3 |
7 |
8 |
10* |
|
Total No of Observed Litters |
20 |
20 |
20 |
19 |
|
% Litter Incidence |
15.00 |
35.00 |
40.00 |
52.63 |
|
Hindlimb calcaneus(i) increased ossification |
No of Incidences |
0 |
0 |
5 |
4 |
Total No of Observed Foetuses |
121 |
110 |
114 |
117 |
|
% Fetal Incidence |
0.00 |
0.00 |
4.39 |
3.42 |
|
No of Litters with at least 1 Incidence |
0 |
0 |
4 |
4* |
|
Total No of Observed Litters |
20 |
20 |
20 |
19 |
|
% Litter Incidence |
0.00 |
0.00 |
20.00 |
21.05 |
Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences to reference item group, with* p<0.05, ** p<0.01 and *** p<0.001.
Effect on developmental toxicity: via oral route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day
- Study duration:
- subacute
- Species:
- rat
- Quality of whole database:
- The available information comprises an adequate and reliable study, and is thus sufficient to fulfil the standard information requirements set out in Annex VIII-IX, 8.7, of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006.
Effect on developmental toxicity: via inhalation route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Effect on developmental toxicity: via dermal route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
A prenatal developmental toxicity study according to OECD 414 and GLP in rats is available for the registered substance. In this prenatal developmental toxicity study, pregnant female Wistar rats were administered the test substance via gavage at dose levels of 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg bw/day administered on gestation days 5 to 19. In dams, mortality was observed in all dose groups without clear time- and dose-dependent pattern in 2/26 females of the low dose group, 1/25 females of the mid dose group and 3/25 females of the high dose group. Observed sudden death of these animals was assumed to be related to local effects of test substance formulations with the vehicle DMSO based on regurgitation with the incidental aspiration of formulation and/or misgavage. In most cases, shortly before death, abnormal breathing was observed, which was often related to the observation of regurgitation of the formulation after dosing. The macroscopic finding of discoloured dark lungs in most of the early decedents further strengthened the rationale that deaths were not related to systemic toxicity. Therefore, observed mortality in this study cannot be considered to be contributing to the establishment of the NOAEL. No adverse systemic effects of the test substance were found up to 1000 mg/kg body weight/day. Abnormal breathing was also noted transiently for few days in surviving females of all groups including control without dose-dependency, which was also considered to be related to incidental aspiration of the vehicle or formulation after dose administration. None of the females showed signs of abortion or premature delivery prior to the scheduled sacrifice. There were no toxicologically relevant effects on body weight, body weight development and food consumption.
Successful mating resulted in 23/26 pregnancies in the low dose group, 25/25 in the mid dose group and 21/25 in the high dose group when compared to 22/26 pregnancies in the control group. This pregnancy rate was considered to be within the normal range of this rat strain and age. Mean maternal terminal body weight, gravid uterus weight and resulting adjusted maternal weight were comparable between the dose groups and the control group. Prenatal parameters like the number of corpora lutea, implantation sites, live and dead foetuses, early and late resorptions, pre- and post-implantation loss and sex ratio remained unaffected in the dose groups when compared to the control group.
There were no toxicologically relevant gross pathological findings at necropsy. No test substance-related effects of toxicological relevance were noted for foetal and litter weight data. There were no foetal external, visceral, craniofacial or skeletal findings considered to be of toxicological relevance in any of the dose groups.
Thus, the NOAEL for both maternal toxicity and fetal toxicity in this study is considered to be 1000 mg/kg body weight/day.Justification for classification or non-classification
The available data on toxicity to reproduction are reliable and suitable for classification. Based on this data, classification for toxicity to reproduction according to Regulation 67/584/EEC and (EC)1272/2008 is not warranted.
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.