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EC number: 204-875-1 | CAS number: 128-03-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
Experimental data from tests investigating the toxicity of KDDC to aquatic organisms were not conducted since studies from similar analogues are considered suitable for this purpose, in accordance with the specifications listed in Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 Annex XI, 1.5 Grouping of substances and read across, on basis of structural similarity, physico-chemical properties, ecotoxicological profiles. There is no convincing evidence that any one of these chemicals might lie out of the overall profile of this analogue approach, respectively. Conclusions regarding this section have been drawn based on studies performed on SDDC (sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate, CAS No. 128-04-1) and Ziram (zinc bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate), CAS No. 137-30-4). KDDC, SDDC and Ziram represent salts of dimethyl dithiocarbamic acid (DDC) that are capable of dissociating into the respective ions when exposed to water. The main differences between Ziram and KDDC/SDDC are the solubility in water and partition coefficient, related to the rather covalent character of the zinc-sulphur bond with respect to the sodium-sulphur bond. The physico-chemical parameters of the three substances are listed in the table below.
Table 2. Physico-chemical parameters of KDDC, SDDC and Ziram
Parameter |
KDDC |
SDDC |
Ziram |
CAS no. |
128-03-0 |
128-04-1 |
137-30-4 |
IUPAC Name |
potassium dimethyldithiocarbamate |
sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate |
zinc bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate) |
Molecular weight |
159.3 g/mol |
143.2 g/mol |
305.8 g/mol |
Molecular formula |
C3H7NS2.K |
C3H7NS2.Na |
C6H12N2S4Zn |
Melting point |
Partial melting from 81.5 to 85.0°C followed by slow decomposition |
Decomposition at |
251.0 – 252.5°C |
Relative density at 20°C |
1.51 |
1.4 |
1.7097 |
Vapour pressure at 25°C |
8.76×10-5Pa |
< 2×10–4Pa |
1.8×10–5Pa |
Log Pow at 20°C |
read across to SDDC |
pH 5: = –3.2 |
1.65 pH range: 7.4-8.6[1] |
Water solubility |
read across to SDDC |
37.4 - 40% (w/w) |
9.67×10–4g/L |
* data are not presented within this dossier, but were subject to the respective REACh-registration of Ziram (CAS 137-30-4; EC 205-288-3)
Acute studies (fish, aquatic invertebrates, algae and aquatic microorganisms) are available for the analogue showing the highest similarity to KDDC, i.e. SDDC. For the chronic aquatic toxicity, data from Ziram were used to cover these endpoints. This approach implies a worst-case scenario, since acute values show generally a higher sensitivity of aquatic organisms to Ziram than to SDDC. The table below gives an overview on acute aquatic toxicity data of SDDC and Ziram.
Table 3. Ecotoxicological data of SDDC and Ziram in the aquatic compartment
Endpoint |
SDDC |
Ziram |
Acute fish toxicity |
Oncorhynchus mykiss,(semi static),
|
Oncorhynchus mykiss,(semi static), Lepomis macrochirus,(cont. renewal), Bluegill sunfish(Lepomis macrochirus),(cont. renewal), |
Acute daphnia toxicity |
Daphnia magna,(semi static), |
Daphnia magna, (static),
|
Acute algae toxicity |
Selenastrum capricornutum, |
Selenastrum capricornutum, Lopes Morandi (2007): |
* data are not presented within this dossier, but were subject to the respective REACh-registration of Ziram (CAS 137-30-4; EC 205-288-3)
In accordance with Annex XI, 1.5 considering the similarities on structure, physico-chemical and ecotoxicological characteristics, the analogue approach from SDDC and ziram to KDDC is justified.
Based on the data presented, KDDC is considered to be very toxic to aquatic organisms. Lethal and/or sublethal effects at all trophic levels tested in the laboratory (fish, aquatic invertebrates, algae, and activated-sludge microorganisms) were observed after both acute and chronic exposure. The results from the short-term toxicity tests performed on the analogue SDDC showed that algae species are the most sensitive organisms (EC50 = 0.25 mg a.i./L). The evaluation of the chronic effects was carried out using toxicity data from Ziram, in which Daphnia magna showed the highest sensitivity (78 µg a.i./L). The toxic properties of KDDC as observed in fish, algae and daphnia tests, are supported by the low effect concentration as determined for SDDC in an activated sludge respiration test (EC50 = 3.65 mg a.i./L).
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