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EC number: 217-157-8 | CAS number: 1758-73-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- chronic toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: No details on methods published
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Toxicologic characteristics of thiourea and its dioxide
- Author:
- Zhislin LE, Ovetskaia NM
- Year:
- 1 972
- Bibliographic source:
- Gig Tr Prof Zabol. 1972, Jun; 16(6) 51-52 (russ.) (Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevaniia] Toxline citation: http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/f?./temp/~d3hGJg:3
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Author's own methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Chronic inhalation exposure of white rats (more than 100 animals, including 40 controls were used in the experiment) to thiourea (TU) dust and tiourea dioxide (TUD) was carried out for 1, 3 and 9 months at a concentration of dust in the chambers amounting to 47,2 ± 2,1 and 48,9 ± 2,8 mg/m3 respectively.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Aminoiminomethanesulphinic acid
- EC Number:
- 217-157-8
- EC Name:
- Aminoiminomethanesulphinic acid
- Cas Number:
- 1758-73-2
- Molecular formula:
- CH4N2O2S
- IUPAC Name:
- aminoiminomethanesulphinic acid
- Test material form:
- solid
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Sex:
- not specified
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: dust
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- not specified
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- Chronic inhalation exposure of white rats (more than 100 animals, including 40 controls were used in the experiment) to thiourea (TU) dust and thiourea dioxide (TUD) was carried out for 1, 3 and 9 months at a concentration of dust in the chambers amounting to 47,2 ± 2,1 and 48,9 ± 2,8 mg/m3 respectively.
- Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- not specified
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 1 month, 3 month, 9 month
- Frequency of treatment:
- continously
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
48.9 +- 2,8 mg/m³
Basis:
no data
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- Female + male: 60
- Control animals:
- not specified
Examinations
- Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- The body weight, blood levels of red blood cells and hemoglobin (using hematoscope), leukocytes (counting in the Goryaev chamber) resistance of erythrocytes in 0.4 and 0.5% sodium chloride solutions (by comparing the number of red blood cells in hypo- and isotonic solutions) was determined in 7 animals of each group, the excitability of the nervous system was studied using the method by M.L. Rylova and S.V. Speranski. Oxygen consumption was tested using the advanced installation proposed by I.I. Shvaiko and N.V. Verzhikovskaya.
- Other examinations:
- At the end of the exposure functional status of the thyroid gland of the rats was studied by means of specially designed installation in relation to the accumulation of iodine131 in the thyroid gland in 2, 4, 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours after its subcutaneous injection in a dose of 0.4-0.6 mcc.
Results and discussion
Results of examinations
- Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There was no significant effect of the test substances on the functional state of some organs and systems.
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Description (incidence):
- There was no significant effect of the test substances on the functional state of some organs and systems.
- Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- In the chronic experiment with exposure to TUD dust from the third month the weight gain of the animals dropped, compared to the effects of TU and control.
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- not specified
- Food efficiency:
- not specified
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not specified
- Ophthalmological findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- reticular tissue proliferation
- Haematological findings:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No changes to red blood cells and white blood cell count, erythrocyte resistance to hypotonic solutions.
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Hemoglobin in blood of TUD exposed animals to TUD was somewhat higher (at different times 14,6 ± 0,80 / 16, 2 ± 0,79 mg%) in comparison with the control (13,8 ± 0,74 / 15, 0 ± 0,38 mg%), under the influence of TU reduced to 12,5 ± 0,20 / 14,1 ± 0.08 mg%.
- Urinalysis findings:
- not specified
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- The excitability of the nervous system has not changed much during the exposure.
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- not specified
- Gross pathological findings:
- no effects observed
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- In lungs the catarrhal-desquamative bronchiolitis, foci of chronic non-specific interstitial pneumonia, edema were observed as well as the areas of atelectasis emphysema. In parenchymal organs, granular and fatty degeneration, and other effects on organs.
- Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- not specified
- Details on results:
- In the chronic experiment with exposure to TUD dust from the third month the weight gain of the animals dropped, compared to the effects of TU and control. There was no significant effect of the test substances on the functional state of some organs and systems; red blood cells and white blood cell count, erythrocyte resistance to hypotonic solutions, WBC, and consumption of oxygen and the excitability of the nervous system have not
changed much during the exposure. Hemoglobin in the blood of the animals exposed to TUD was somewhat higher (at different times 14,6 ± 0,80 / 16, 2 ± 0,79 mg%) in comparison with the control (13,8 ± 0,74 / 15, 0 ± 0,38 mg%), under the influence of TU it was reduced to 12,5 ± 0,20 +14,1 ± 0,08 mg%.
A decrease in the functional activity of the thyroid gland was found to be more prominent when exposed to TU: delay and decrease in the accumulation of iodine-131 in the thyroid gland, more intense release of radioactive iodine in the urine. The zobogenny (goitrogenic) effect of TU is clearly visible – the relative weight of the thyroid gland in this group reaches at different times 16,3 ± 2,35 / 9, 1 ± 2,12 mg/100 g compared to 10,7 ± 1,62 /13,3 ± 0,87 mg/100 g (TUD) and 8,8 ±1,06 mg/100 g (control). In experimental animals increased lung weights, to 1,07 ± 0,09 g/100g during exposure of TU and 1,2 ± 0,21 and even 1,75 ± 0,19 g/100g (in the dead animals) during effect of TUD (control 0,77 ± 0,45 g/100 g).
Effect levels
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Remarks on result:
- not determinable
- Remarks:
- no NOAEL identified
Target system / organ toxicity
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
Any other information on results incl. tables
Histologically, the animals of experimental groups at different times of the exposure showed circulatory disorders. In the lungs, the catarrhal-desquamative bronchiolitis, foci of chronic non-specific interstitial pneumonia, edema were observed as well as the areas of atelectasis emphysema. In parenchymal organs, granular and fatty degeneration was detected. In the spleen, hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles with moderate myeloid metaplasia, focal proliferation of reticular tissue was observed. In the thyroid gland there was excessive overgrowth of the stroma, foci of destruction with limited areas of functional activity (under the influence of TUD, the pronounced desquamation of follicular epithelium was observed).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- In chronic inhalation exposure of white rats with TU and TUD aerosols, the possibility of adverse effects on the body is established, so it is necessary to take measures not to let these substances in the body of the workers in a production environment (de-dusting activities, work in respirators, etc.).
- Executive summary:
Chronic inhalation of thiourea dioxide (formamidine sulfinic acid) dust of 48.9 mg/m³ concentration up to 9 month in white rats revealed organ effects: loss of organ weight, bronchiolitis, interstitnal pneunomia, edema, emphysema in the lungs, granular and fatty degeneration of parynchymal organs, hyplasia of lymphoid follicles in the spleen, proliferation of reticular tissue, excessive overgrow of the stroma and foci of destruction with dequamation of follicular epithelium of the thyroid glands.
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