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EC number: 237-324-9 | CAS number: 13746-89-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Genetic toxicity in vitro
Description of key information
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Non-GLP, comparable to guideline study, available as unpublished report, no restrictions, fully adequate for assessment.
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
- Target gene:
- his
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- rat liver S9 (pretreated with Aroclor 1254)
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 0, 20, 100, 500, 2500 and 5000 μg/plate
- Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: water
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: 2-aminoanthracene (+S9); N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) for TA 100 and TA1535 (-S9), 4-nitro-o-phenylendiamine for TA98 (-S9), 9-aminoacridine chloride monohydrate for TA1537 (-S9)
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation) (tests 1 (TA 100 and TA98) and 2 (TA1535 and TA1537)) and preincubation (test 3)
DURATION
- Preincubation period: 20 minutes at 37 °C (test 3)
- Exposure duration: 48 hours at 37 °C in the dark (test 1, 2 and 3)
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 3 tests were performed; 2 standard plate incorporation assays and 1 preincubation assay. In each test 3 test plates per dose were used.
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: reduced his(-) background growth - Evaluation criteria:
- A substance is considered positive if it fulfills the following criteria:
1) doubling of the spontaneous mutation rate (control)
2) dose-response relationship
3) reproducibility of the results - Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON CYTOTOXICITY:
No bacteriotoxic effect (reduced his(-) background growth was observed.
TEST-SPECIFIC CONFOUNDING FACTORS:
Water solubility: complete solubility of the test substance in distilled water. - Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (negative)
Additional information
General information
Water soluble zirconium salts like zirconium tetrachloride, zirconium diacetate or zirconium sulfate once in aqueous media dissociate very quickly at pH values of 4 to 9.5 forming the conjugate acid and hydrated forms of the insoluble ZrO2 (the most stable form of zirconium in water) (Daunderer, M.; Lehrbuch Klinische Toxikologie, 89. Erg. Lfg.; 11/94).
Due to the similar dissociation pattern it is concluded, that read across to other soluble zirconium salts is valid for the assessment of toxicological and ecotoxicological endpoints of zirconium(tetra)nitrate.
Bacterial reverse mutation assay- Ames
The read across substance zirconium diacetate (CAS# 5153-24-2) was tested for mutagenic effects in vitro in histidine-requiring strains of Salmonella typhimurium equivalent to OECD guideline 471 (BASF, 1986). The following strains were used: S. typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537. The test was performed with and without the addition of rat-liver post mitochondrial supernatant (S9 fraction) as an extrinsic metabolic activation system. The compound was dissolved in water and tested at five concentrations of 20, 100, 500, 2500, 5000 µg/plate in the presence and absence of a metabolic activation system. Each strain was additionally tested in the presence and in the absence of a metabolic activation system with a suitable known mutagen as positive control. The original experiment with and without metabolic activation was performed as standard plate incorporation assay. The confirmatory experiment with and without metabolic activation were carried out as preincubation assay.
In the experiments performed no reduced background lawn was observed. No genetic toxicity was observed in any of the tested strains. The read across substance is not genotoxic according to the results of this bacterial reverse mutation assay.
Bacterial reverse mutation assay- Fluctuation method
In a reverse gene mutation assay in bacteria, strains (TA97, TA100, TA102) of S. typhimurium were exposed to the read across substance zirconium tetrachloride (CAS# 10026-11-6) at concentrations of 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 mg Zr/L in the absence of metabolic activation (Couture et al, 1989). Mutagenicity was assessed according to fluctuation method. It is performed entirely in liquid culture. The technique is the same as described for the traditional plate incorporation assay except that the whole assay is performed in 96-well micro plates with addition of a pH indicator. Metabolic processes of reproducing bacteria cause a drop in pH. The mutation frequency is counted as the number of wells out of 96 which have changed colour. Bromcresol Purple was used as pH indicator.
No genetic toxic effects were observed at any of the concentrations tested. The read across substance is not mutagenic according to the results of the bacterial reverse mutation assay.
Bacterial gene mutation assay-SOS Chromo assay
In a gene mutation assay in bacteria, a strain (PQ37) of E. coli was exposed to the read across substance zirconium tetrachloride (CAS# 10026-11-6) at concentrations ranging from 1.7 to 110 nM in the absence and presence of metabolic activation (Couture et al., 1989). Mutagenicity was assessed by a colorimetric assay. The expression of genes induced by genotoxic agents is measured by means of a fusion with the structural gene for beta-galactosidase. Activity of the protein is measured by adding lactose which yields a colored compound upon degradation. The quantifiable change in color is measured at 615 nm with a photometer.
No genetic toxic effects were observed at any of the concentrations tested with or without metabolic activation. The read across substance is not mutagenic according to the results of the bacterial reverse mutation assay.
The above results are further supported by an abstract of Liao et al. stating a negative result for the test substance zirconium(tetra)nitrate in a micronucleus assay (Liao et al., 1988).
Justification for selection of genetic toxicity endpoint
Most reliable study regarding the assessment of genotoxicity.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Dangerous Substance Directive (67/548/EEC)
The available information is considered reliable and suitable for classification purposes under 67/548/EEC. As a result the substance does not need to be classified and labelled for mutagenicity under Directive 67/548/EEC, as amended for the 31st time in Directive 2009/2/EC.
Classification, Labelling, and Packaging Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
The available information is reliable and suitable for classification purposes under Regulation 1272/2008. As a result the substance does not need to be classified and labelled for mutagenicity under Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, as amended for the sixth time in Regulation EC No 605/2014.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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