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EC number: 401-700-2 | CAS number: 3100-36-5 CYCLOHEXADECENON; CYCLOHEXADECENONE
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to terrestrial plants
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2021-10-20 to 2021-12-15
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 22030 (Soil quality - Biological methods - Chronic toxicity in higher plants)
- Version / remarks:
- 2005
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- During cultivation, the test containers were bottom watered with tap water including fertilizer instead of demineralised water to guarantee good plant growth. No randomization of the test containers was carried out during the test.
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Plant group:
- Monocotyledonae (monocots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: oats
- Source of seed: KWS Lochow GmbH, Ferdinand-von-Lochow-Straße 5, 29303 Bergen, Germany
- Seed storage:The seeds were stored dark at the test facility at room temperature (22 ± 10 °C) and protected from moisture until use. - Species:
- Brassica rapa
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: turnip
- Source of seed: Carolina Biological Supply Company, 2700 York Road, Burlington, NC 27215-3398, USA
- Seed storage: The seeds were stored dark at the test facility at room temperature (22 ± 10 °C) and protected from moisture until use. - Test type:
- seedling emergence and seedling growth test
- Study type:
- laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- natural soil
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 56 d
- Test temperature:
- 12.1-28.9 °C
- Moisture:
- 27.5-80.6%
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facility: Noack Laboratorien
- Test container (type, material, size): Plastic container (Ø10 cm) including glass fibre wicks to ensure homogeneous watering were used. Each test container was placed on an individual water reservoir.
- Amount of soil: 400 g treated soil
- No. of seeds per container: 10
- No. of plants (retained after thinning): 8
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 6
- No. of replicates per control: 6
SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Geographic location: Landwirtschaftliche Untersuchungs- und Forschungsanstalt Speyer (LUFA), Obere Langgasse 40, 67346 Speyer, Germany
- Sampling depth (cm): 20
- Soil texture: loamy sand
- % sand: 84.9%
- % silt: 9.7%
- % clay: 5.4%
- Soil classification system: DIN classification
- Composition: a 2:1 mixture of natural soil LUFA 2.2 (batch number: Sp2.20621) and quartz sand was used.
- Organic carbon (%): 1.05%
- CEC: 8.5 +/- 2 .0 meq/100 g
- Storage (condition, duration): greenhouse conditions
GROWTH CONDITIONS
- Light source: Special LED modules for plant growing
- Wavelength 400-700 nm
- Watering regime: Bottom watering of the test container with fertilizer as needed.
- Fertilization: HAKAPHOS® SOFT SPEZIAL 16+8+22(+3) For watering a 0.5 ‰ solution was used. Origin: Grünes Landhaus, St. Godehard-Str. 23, 31139 Hildesheim, Germany
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 1000 - 500 - 100 - 10 mg/kg DW
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 1000 - 500 - 250 - 125 - 62.5 mg/kg DW (factor 2)
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Boric acid
- Key result
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Duration:
- 56 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Remarks:
- Including shoot height, fresh weight and dry weight
- Key result
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Duration:
- 56 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 62.5 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Remarks:
- Blossom dry weight
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Duration:
- 56 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 250 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Remarks:
- Blossom fresh weight
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Duration:
- 56 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Remarks:
- Number of blossoms
- Key result
- Species:
- Brassica rapa
- Duration:
- 42 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Remarks:
- including shoot height, fresh weight and dry weight
- Key result
- Species:
- Brassica rapa
- Duration:
- 42 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Remarks:
- Including the number of busks, husk fresh and dry weight
- Details on results:
- See below
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid?
- Relevant effect levels:
- Other: - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- - a minimum of 75 % emergence in the control - the mean seedling growth exhibited no visible phytotoxic effects and the plants exhibited only normal variation in growth and morphology - the number of dead control plants was ≤ 1 plant / replicate
- Conclusions:
- The acute effects of the test item (EC50) to oats and turnip were above 1000 mg/kg DW on the basis of the effect for height, fresh weight and dry weight of shoot. The chronic effect of the test item to oats (NOEC) was determined to be 62.5 mg/kg DW on the basis of the effect for the dry weight of blossom and the chronic effect of the test item to turnip (NOEC) was determined to be 1000 mg/kg DW on the basis of the effect for the number, fresh weight and dry weight of husks.
- Executive summary:
The study on the acute and chronic toxicity of the test item to two terrestrial plant species were determined according to DIN ISO 22030:2005 and GLP. The test plants were one monocotyledon (oats) and one dicotyledon (turnip). According to the results of a range-finder, the test was conducted at the test item concentrations 1000 - 500 - 250 - 125 - 62.5 mg/kg DW (factor 2). 6 replicates per test concentration and control were tested in a randomised block design and 10 seeds per test container were sown. A 2:1 mixture of natural soil LUFA 2.2 and quartz sand was used. The test item was incorporated into the soil once before the seeds were sown. The test containers were bottom watered with nutrient solution via glass fibre wicks. The acute effects of the test item (EC50) to oats and turnip were above 1000 mg/kg DW on the basis of the effect for height, fresh weight and dry weight of shoot. The chronic effect of the test item to oats (NOEC) was determined to be 62.5 mg/kg DW on the basis of the effect for the dry weight of blossom and the chronic effect of the test item to turnip (NOEC) was determined to be 1000 mg/kg DW on the basis of the effect for the number, fresh weight and dry weight of husks.
Reference
Table. 1: Seeding Emergence [%] after 7 days:
Test concentration | Seedling emergence [%] | |
Oats | Turnip | |
Control | 95 | 90 |
62.5 | 90 | 97 |
125 | 95 | 93 |
250 | 95 | 87 |
500 | 98 | 93 |
1000 | 98 | 88 |
Table. 2: Oats: Inhibition [%] of Shoots (Acute Effects)
Test concentration | Shoot height | Inhibition | Fresh weight of shoots | Inhibition | Dry weight of shoots | Inhibition |
Control | 84.1 | - | 23358 | - | 5853 | - |
62.5 | 83.1 | 1 | 22701 | 3 | 5566 | 5 |
125 | 81.1 | 4 | 23510 | -1 | 5014 | 14 |
250 | 80.7 | 4 | 20712 | 11 | 5020 | 14 |
500 | 77.8 | 7 | 21846 | 6 | 5390 | 8 |
1000 | 76.8 | 9 | 18188 | 22 | 4493 | 23 |
Table. 3: Oats: Inhibition [%] of Blossoms (Chronic Effects)
Test concentration | Number | Inhibition | Fresh weight of blossoms | Inhibition | Dry weight of blossoms | Inhibition |
Control | 249 | - | 58 |
| 14.77 | - |
62.5 | 257 | -3 | 54 | 7 | 12.12 | 18 |
125 | 243 | 2 | 50 | 14 | 10.18 | 31 |
250 | 244 | 2 | 50 | 14 | 11.23 | 24 |
500 | 237 | 5 | 44 | 24 | 9.58 | 35 |
1000 | 231 | 7 | 46 | 21 | 10.50 | 29 |
Table. 4: Turnip: Inhibition [%] of Shoots (Acute Effects)
Test concentration | Shoot height | Inhibition | Fresh weight of shoots1) | Inhibition | Dry weight of shoots | Inhibition |
Control | 37.2 | - | 4645 | - | 828 | - |
62.5 | 39.4 | -6 | 4775 | -3 | 800 | 3 |
125 | 32.7 | 12 | 4805 | -3 | 838 | -1 |
250 | 33.9 | 9 | 5617 | -21 | 939 | -13 |
500 | 31.3 | 16 | 4926 | -6 | 786 | 5 |
1000 | 26.5 | 29 | 4729 | -2 | 689 | 17 |
TAble. 5: Turnip: Inhibition [%] of Husks (Chronic Effects)
Test concentration | Number of husks | Inhibition | Fresh weight of husks | Inhibition | Dry weight of husks | Inhibition |
Control | 171 | - | 223 | - | 38.53 | - |
62.5 | 163 | 5 | 240 | -8 | 41.52 | -8 |
125 | 156 | 9 | 238 | -7 | 39.63 | -3 |
250 | 154 | 10 | 237 | -6 | 38.03 | 1 |
500 | 149 | 13 | 211 | 5 | 34.15 | 11 |
1000 | 106 | 38 | 206 | 8 | 27.92 | 28 |
negative values = promoted growth 1) Equal variance test failed
bold = statistically significant inhibition
Description of key information
A study on the acute and chronic toxicity of the test item to two terrestrial plant species is available. The test was determined according to DIN ISO 22030:2005 and GLP. The test plants were one monocotyledon (oats) and one dicotyledon (turnip). According to the results of a range-finder, the test was conducted at the test item concentrations 1000 - 500 - 250 - 125 - 62.5 mg/kg DW (factor 2). 6 replicates per test concentration and control were tested in a randomised block design and 10 seeds per test container were sown. A 2:1 mixture of natural soil LUFA 2.2 and quartz sand was used. The test item was incorporated into the soil once before the seeds were sown. The test containers were bottom watered with nutrient solution via glass fibre wicks. The acute effects of the test item (EC50) to oats and turnip were above 1000 mg/kg DW on the basis of the effect for height, fresh weight and dry weight of shoot. The chronic effect of the test item to oats (NOEC) was determined to be 62.5 mg/kg DW on the basis of the effect for the dry weight of blossom and the chronic effect of the test item to turnip (NOEC) was determined to be 1000 mg/kg DW on the basis of the effect for the number, fresh weight and dry weight of husks.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Short-term EC50 or LC50 for terrestrial plants:
- 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
- Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for terrestrial plants:
- 62.5 mg/kg soil dw
Additional information
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