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EC number: 241-221-4 | CAS number: 17169-60-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Toxicity Tests of Aquatic Pollutants by Using Common Duckweed
- Author:
- Wuncheng Wang
- Year:
- 1 986
- Bibliographic source:
- Environmental Pollution (Series B) 11 (1986) 1-14
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- - Principle of test:
Duckweed stock was collected from a pond located inside the Illinois State Water Survey property during the spring of 1982. Twenty-four hours before the toxicity experiment was initiated, duckweed samples were selected for tests. A scoopful of duckweed from the stock was placed in a small tray containing cold tap water. The test specimens were selected from this tray and transferred to a second tray containing only deionized water. Unless specified, 20 colonies or 40 fronds of duckweed were used in this assay. The incubation time was 4 days, unless specified. Each experiment was conducted with 3-6 replicates. At the end of incubation, the number of fronds in each jar was counted with the aid of a magnifying glass. The increase of frond number was used to indicate duckweed growth and the difference between treated and control samples was used to indicate the toxic effect.
- Short description of test conditions: Temperature was maintained at 27 ° ± 2 °C. The pH of the solution was 7.5. For each toxicant, there were six concentration levels. The bioassay experiments were conducted in a series of 200 ml fruit jars. To each jar was added a toxicant and 200 ml of plant nutrient solution, the same as the algal nutrient solution suggested in Standard Methods. The illumination was provided by cool-white fluorescent light with an intensity of 6456 lux. Each jar was covered with a watch glass. Temperature was maintained at 27 ° ± 2 °C and the incubation time was 4 days, unless specified. Each experiment was conducted with 3-6 replicates.
- Parameters analysed / observed: growth rate - GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- GLP compliance was not reported in this publication.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Iron dichloride
- EC Number:
- 231-843-4
- EC Name:
- Iron dichloride
- Cas Number:
- 7758-94-3
- Molecular formula:
- Cl2Fe
- IUPAC Name:
- dichloroiron
- Test material form:
- solid
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- not further details reported
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Lemna minor
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: duckweed
- Strain: Lemna minor
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Duckweed stock was collected from a pond located inside the Illinois State Water Survey property during the spring of 1982.
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation):
- Method of cultivation: he stock was maintained in the laboratory in a polypropylene tray with 20 litre capacity. To the tray was added a small amount of sediment, collected from the same pond, 10 litres of pond water and 5 litres of cold tap water. The plants were illuminated with cool-white fluorescent lights. Every 3-4 days cold tap water was added to maintain the water level. Approximately twice a year, the stock was discarded and restocked with fresh duckweed.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Twenty-four hours before the toxicity experiment was initiated, duckweed samples were selected for tests. A scoopful of duckweed from
the stock was placed in a small tray containing cold tap water. The test specimens were selected from this tray and transferred to a second tray containing only deionized water. The test specimens must appear healthy, with two fronds of approximately equal size per colony. Care was exercised so as not to injure the plant.
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): For cultivation a small amount of sediment was added to the tray , collected from the same pond, 10 litres of pond water and 5 litres of cold tap water were used. The test was conducted in 200 ml of plant nutrient solution,the same as the algal nutrient solution suggested in Standard Methods
Study design
- Test type:
- not specified
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
Test conditions
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Incubation chamber used: no
- Test vessel: 200 mL fruit jar
- No. of colonies per vessel: 20 colonies or 40 fronds per jar
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3-6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: no
- Adjustment of pH: not reported
- Light intensity and quality: The illumination was provided by cool-white fluorescent light with an intensity of 6456 lux.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of frond number: manual counting
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 3.7 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- frond number
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Conclusions:
- In the present study of Wang (1986) 40 fronds of duckweed (Lemna minor) were exposed to 6 concentrations of FeCl3 each for 96h under static conditions. The number of fronds after incubation was compared to the respective negative (no treatment) control and the increase/decrease in frond number was used to calculate a LC50 value. The LC50 was 3.7 mg/L for Fe.
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