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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 946-354-8 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- other: read-across from constituent CrIII
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Studies on contact sensitivity to chromium in the guinea pig. The role of valence in the formation of the antigenic determinant.
- Author:
- Siegenthaler U, Laine A, Polak L
- Year:
- 1 983
- Bibliographic source:
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology 80 (1):44-47
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of study:
- guinea pig maximisation test
- Justification for non-LLNA method:
- Existing data
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Cr III
- Molecular formula:
- Cr III
- IUPAC Name:
- Cr III
- Details on test material:
- CrCl3.6H2O or CrCl3
1
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- other: chromium chloride (Merck, Darmstadt, FRG)
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- T hey weighed about 350- 400 g when sensitization was begun. The animals were bred at the Institute for Biochemical Research, Fii Uinsdorf, Switzerland. T hey were fed on peUet d iet supplemented
ad libitum with water containing vitamin C.
Study design: in vivo (non-LLNA)
Induction
- Route:
- intradermal
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Concentration / amount:
- 2 mg chromium chloride/l
Challenge
- No.:
- #1
- Route:
- epicutaneous, open
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Concentration / amount:
- 2 mg chromium chloride/l
- No. of animals per dose:
- 10
- Details on study design:
- The sensit ization was done in the following manner: 5 injections of 0.2 ml each of emulsion containing 2 mg/ml of chromium chloride (Merck, Darmstadt, FRG) in FCA were given into the footpad and nape of the neck.
Animals were restimulated once a week by an intradermal injection of 25/-1g chromium chloride in 0.1 ml 0.15 M NaCl solu tion into the skin of the right fl ank. S imultaneously 0.02 ml of 0.5% chromium chloride solution in 1 % Triton X-100 were applied epicutaneously on the skin of the left flank. The boosting was continued weekly until a positive reaction to the hapten was observed. The animals were then challenged epicutaneously with both haptens and the skin inflammation evaluated 24 hr later according to an arbitrary scale: red, swollen = 2, red, contluent = 1, red spots = 0.5. - Challenge controls:
- not applicable
- Positive control substance(s):
- not specified
Results and discussion
In vivo (non-LLNA)
Results
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 2 mg/L
- No. with + reactions:
- 7
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- Seven out of 10 guinea-pigs sensitized and boosted with chromium chloride responded to an epicutaneous challenge with chromium chloride.
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 1 (skin sensitising) based on GHS criteria
- Conclusions:
- According to the results of the study, chromium trichloride can be considered to be a sensitizer to guinea pigs' skin.
- Executive summary:
10 guinea pigs were exposed to 5 injections of 0.2 ml each of an emulsion containing either 2 mg chromium chloride/ml in Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA) into the footpad and nape of the neck. The animals were restimulated once a week by intradermal injections of 25 µg of chromium trichloride. Simultaneously, 0.02 ml of 0.5% chromium trichloride in 1% Triton X-100 was applied epicutaneously to the skin of the opposite flank. The boosting was continued weekly until a positive reaction was observed. Four to six weeks after the positive skin reaction had emerged, the animals were challenged epicutaneously with both haptens, and skin inflammation was evaluated 24 h later. Seven out of 10 guinea-pigs sensitized and boosted with chromium trichloride responded to an epicutaneous challenge with chromium trichloride.
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