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EC number: 257-111-4 | CAS number: 51287-84-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Not specified
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Restriction: No analytical confirmation of exposure concentrations.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- other: read-across target
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- not applicable
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A single 1,000 mg/L WAF was prepared for the test. The WAF was formulated by combining 1.0 g of test material and 1 litre of dilution water in a plastic mixing vessel equipped with a magnetic stirrer. The mixture was stirred for approximately 24 hours (vortex was approximately 25 % of media depth) and allowed to settle for approximately 1 hour. Following the settling period the water phase containing the WAF was removed from the mixing vessel with a siphon using care to exclude any material on the surface, bottom, or sides of the mixing vessel. Test media was prepared at 0.10, 1.0, 10, 100, and 1,000 mg/L by combining the appropriate volume of the 1,000 mg/L WAFG and dilution water.
- Controls: deionised dilution water
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) including control(s)): 0.10, 1.0, 10, 100, 1,000 mg/L
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): The 1,000 mg/L WAF was slightly cloudy throughout the test. No other insoluble material was noted during the test. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: water flea
- Strain: daphnia magna
- Source: Procured from a commercial supplier Aquatic Research Organisms, Hampton, New Hampshire on June 1, 1994
- Age at study initiation: Daphnids were Juveniles less than 24 hours old
- Weight at study initiation: Average 0.44 mg
- Method of breeding: The daphnids were produced by adult daphnids that were maintained under test conditions at TR. Wilbury facility for more than 7 days.
- Feeding during test
- Food type: Daphnids were not fed during the test.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Seven days.
- Type and amount of food: Daphnids were provided with the freshwater alga, Selenastrujm capricornutum, and a yeast/trout chow mixture daily throughout the acclimation period.
- Feeding frequency: ad libitum
- Health during acclimation: During acclimation daphnids were not treated for disease and they were free of apparent sickness, injuries, and abnormalities at the beginning of the test (no mortality occurred during the 48 hours before the start of the test). - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- not applicable
- Hardness:
- 160 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 19.9 - 20.9°C
- pH:
- 8.0 - 8.6
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.4 - 9.1 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: 0.10, 1.0, 10, 100, and 1000 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 300 mL beakers that contained 250 mL of test solution
- Type: Vessels were loosely covered during the test.
- Fill volume: 300 mL
- Aeration: None
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): Static
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): None
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): Single
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): Single
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): NA
- Biomass loading rate: Approximately 0.018 g/L.
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Water used for acclimation of test organisms and for all toxicity testing was deionised. Water was adjusted to a hardness of 160 mg/L as CaCO3 and stored in 500 gallon polyethylene tanks where it was aerated and continuously passed through a particle filter, ultraviolet steriliser, and activated carbon.
- Total organic carbon: 1 mg/L
- Particulate matter: No data
- Metals: all non detect; iron 0.03 mg/L
- Pesticides: non detect
- Chlorine: non detect
- Alkalinity: no data
- Ca/mg ratio: no data
- Conductivity: 600 to 650 µmhois/cm
- Culture medium different from test medium: No
- Intervals of water quality measurement: 24 hour intervals
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no range was 8.0 to 8.6
- Photoperiod: 16 hour’s light/8 hours dark
- Light intensity: Ambient laboratory lighting
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: mortality and sublethal effects recorded initially and after 24 and 48 hours
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 10 %
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: Control, 0.10, 1.0, 10, 100 and 1,000 mg/L by combining the appropriate volume of the 1,000 mg/L WAF and dilution water.
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: This test is a range finding test. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL 10 to 100 mg/L
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: none
- Observations on body length and weight: no data
- Other biological observations: immobility
- Mortality of control: one hundred percent survival occurred in the control and no control sublethal effects were noted during the test.
- Other adverse effects control: none
- Abnormal responses: immobility
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: The 1,000 mg/L WAF was slightly cloudy throughout the test. No other insoluble material was noted during the test.
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: The 1,000 mg/L WAF was slightly cloudy throughout the test. No other insoluble material was noted during the test. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- not applicable
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Data were evaluated using the binomial/non-linear interpolation method (Stephan 1983). The NOEC was defined as the highest concentration tested that allowed at least 90 % survival and did not cause sublethal effects.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Exposure of the aquatic invertebrate, Daphnia magna, to the test material resulted in a 48-h EC50 of 32 mg/L and a NOEC of 10 mg/L based on immobility and survival.
- Executive summary:
The acute toxicity of the test material to the daphnid, Daphnia magna, was investigated in accordance with the standardised guideline OECD 202, under GLP conditions. The test was performed under static conditions with the WAF of 0.10, 1.0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg/L mixtures of test material and water.
Under the conditions of the study, the 48 hour median effective concentration (EC50) of the WAF to daphnids wast determined to be 32 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study conducted on read-across material
- Justification for type of information:
- Read-across to structurally similar substance DMTE (Dimethyltin bis (2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate) CAS 57583-35-4), see attached justification.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL 10 to 100 mg/L
Referenceopen allclose all
Control (0 mg/L): 100 % survival
0.10 mg/L: 100 % survival
1.0 mg/L: 100 % survival
10 mg/L: 100 % survival
100 mg/L: 20 % survival
1000 mg/L: 0 % survival
Description of key information
Read-across to structurally similar substance DMTE (Dimethyltin bis (2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate) CAS 57583 -35 -4)
The 48 hour median effective concentration (EC50) of the WAF to daphnids was determined to be 32 mg/L. The 48 hour no observed effect concentration (NOEC) was determnined to be 10 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 32 mg/L
Additional information
Read-across to structurally similar substance DMTE (Dimethyltin bis (2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate) CAS 575 -35 -4)
The acute toxicity of the test material to the daphnid, Daphnia magna, was investigated in accordance with the standardised guideline OECD 202, under GLP conditions. The study was awarded a reliability score of 2 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).
The test was performed under static conditions with the WAF of 0.10, 1.0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg/L mixtures of test material and water.
Under the conditions of the study, the 48 hour median effective concentration (EC50) of the WAF to daphnids wast determined to be 32 mg/L.
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