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EC number: 205-109-9 | CAS number: 133-53-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1991
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 991
- Report date:
- 1991
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- EU Method C2
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 4-chloro-3,5-xylenol
- EC Number:
- 201-793-8
- EC Name:
- 4-chloro-3,5-xylenol
- Cas Number:
- 88-04-0
- Molecular formula:
- C8H9ClO
- IUPAC Name:
- Phenol, 4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl-
- Test material form:
- solid: crystalline
- Details on test material:
- PCMX powder at ambient conditions.
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Test substance
Identification:
para chlor meta xylenol
Supplied by: Date of receipt: Thomas Swan & Co Limited 30.08.1991
Shelf life: Storage: Appearance: Odour:
Relative density (quoted): not stated
ambient conditions cream powder phenolic
Relative density (measured): Solubility in water:
250 mg/litre (quoted)
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
The tests were carried out in accordance wi th the experimental procedure detailed in Annex, f-'.eneral Test PnK:edures. There were no reasons to deviate from these procedures, which follow the OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals Ref. 202.(l)
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- A stock solution of 100 mg PCMX per litre dechlorinated mains water was prepared by continuotL'i magnetic stirring for a period of twelve hours. This was then diluted to 10 mg/li tre so tha t suitable vol umes were used in the 100 ml test volumes for the selected concentrations.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia sp.
- Details on test organisms:
Juvenile Daphnia are selected for the test by passing the stock through a stainless steel mesh wi th apertures of 0.8mm. The population obtained from the supplier is mixed, but those used for the test arc of the same ki nd
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- other: De-chlorinated
- Total exposure duration:
- 24 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- The jars are placed in an incubator and maintained at 20°C for 24 hours
- Post exposure observation period:
- At the end of 24 hours the tcmperatue is recorded, and the pH value and dissolved oxygen concentration are measured for each jar. The number of Daphnia immobilised is determined by examination. A Daphnia is considered to be immobilised if on gentle agitation of the jar it is unable to swim.
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- The hardness is confirmed analytically by titration with standard Wanklyn's soap solution
- Test temperature:
- 20
- pH:
5.0
2.8
1.6
0.9
0.5- Dissolved oxygen:
- 95%
- Salinity:
- N/A
- Conductivity:
- N/A
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Suitable test concentrations are established by carrying out a series of range finding tests prior to the main test. The objective is to determine a suitable range of concentrations such that the main test will give meaningful resu lts. Concentrations tested are in a geometric series, and the highest concentration tested is less than l g/litre
- Details on test conditions:
- In cases where the test substance is soluble in water, each test solution is prepared by direct addition of the required amount of test substance to the dilution water. In cases where the substance has limited solubility then one of the following methods is used in order to maintain an adequate level of dispersion throughout the test period:
(i) acetone/methanol is used to disperse the test substance
(ii) a benign dispersing/emulsifying agent is used - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Key result
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 1 g/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- At a concentration of 5 mg/litre PCMX the Daphnia were almost completely immobilised (5% active). The three lowest concentrations tested all resulted in similar immobilisation (15%). However when the results of the two lowest concentration were omitted from the estimation of the EC50, the value obtained was similar (2.8
mg/litre), and the 95% confidence limits overlapped.
The results of this test suggest that concentrations of PCMX greater than 2 mg/litre are likely to immobilise at least 50% of a population of Daphnia sp. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Numbers of Da phnia sp. immobilised after 24 hours exposure
Test sample: para chlor meta xylenol
Concentration mg/l i tre
5.0
A I
2.8
A I
1.6
A I
0.9
A I
0.5
A I
control A I
Time 24 h jar 1 1 4 5 0 4 I 4# 1 4 1 5 0
jar 2 0 5 3 2 4 1 4 1 3 2 5 0
jar 3 0 5 2 3 5 0 4 1 5 0 5 0
jar 4 0 5 4 1 4 1 5 0 5 0 4 I
I % IMMOBILISATION I 95 I 30 I 15 I 13.3 I 15 I 5 I
A = ACTIVE
I = IMMOBILISED
# This result was omitted from the calculation due to the low dissolved oxygen recorded at the end of the test. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- When the results of the two lowest concentration were omitted from the estimation of the EC50, the value obtained was similar (2.8
mg/litre), and the 95% confidence limits overlapped.
Any other information on results incl. tables
·Table 1. Toxicity of para chlormetaxylenol to Daphnia sp.
Per cent Immobilisation after 24 hours exposure
Concentration mg/li tre
lmmobilisation after 24
hours (%)
5.0 95
2.8 30
1.6 15
0.9 1}3
0.5 15
control 5
From these results the EC50 value is estimated to be 2.0 mg/litre para chlormetaxylenol as shown in Graph No.I.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- At a concentration of 5 mg/litre PCMX the Daphnia were almost completely immobilised (5% active). The three lowest concentrations tested all resulted in similar immobilisation (15%). However when the results of the two lowest concentration were omitted from the estimation of the EC50, the value obtained was similar (2.8
mg/litre), and the 95% confidence limits overlapped.
The resul ts of this test suggest that concentrations of PCMX greater than 2 mg/litre are likely to immobilise at least 50% of a population of Daphnia sp.
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