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EC number: 214-290-3 | CAS number: 1119-94-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2018-04-25 to 2018-05-04
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2004-04-13
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- 2008-05-30
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Sampling method: The samples were taken from the biological phase of the study. One sample from the freshly prepared stock solution and duplicate samples from the freshly prepared test media of all test concentrations and the control were taken at the start of the test. For the determination of the stability of the test item under the test conditions and of the maintenance of the test item concentrations during the test period, duplicate samples from the test media of all test concentrations and the control were collected at the end of the test (after 48 hours) by pouring together the contents of the test beakers of each treatment.
All samples were diluted by a factor of two with acetonitrile. Additional samples of the control and the dilution solvent were taken at each sampling without any sample treatment.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: All samples were stored in a freezer (< - 20 °C), protected from light, until analysis was performed. Afterwards the samples were again stored deep frozen (< -20 °C) and will be kept stored up to the date of the final report. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: A stock solution of 10 mg test item/L was prepared by dissolving 10.9 mg test item into 1090 mL test water by intense stirring for 10 minutes. Adequate volumes of this stock solution were diluted with test water to prepare the test media of the desired test concentrations. The test media were prepared just before introduction of the daphnids (= start of the test).
- Controls: In the blank control, test water was used without addition of the test item.
- Evidence of undissolved material: No - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain/clone: Clone 5
- Source: The daphnids introduced in the test were taken from in-house laboratory culture
- Age of parental stock: From 6.5 to 22.5 hours old
- Feeding during test: No
BREEDING CONDITIONS
The daphnids were bred in the laboratory under similar temperature and light conditions as used in the test. The cultivation of the parental daphnids was performed in Elendt M4 medium. The test organisms were not first brood progeny. The daphnids in the stock culture were fed at least on all working days with green algae (Desmodesmus subspicatus) freshly grown in the laboratories of ibacon.
ACCLIMATION: Not necessary (cultivation conditions similar to test conditions) - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No
- Hardness:
- Water hardness: 2.5 mmol/L (= 250 mg/L) as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 19.9 to 20.3 °C at test start;
19.8 to 20.0 °C at test end - pH:
- 7.9 to 8.0 at test start;
7.8 to 7.9 at test end - Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.9 to 9.0 mg/L at test start;
8.7 to 8.8 mg/L at test end - Salinity:
- Not applicable
- Conductivity:
- Not measured
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 0.500, 0.227, 0.103, 0.047 and 0.021 mg test item/L
Mean value of all measured samples per treatment group: 97 - 109% of nominal - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Beakers
- Material, size, fill volume: Glass, 100 mL (nominal), 60 mL (fill volume), covered with lid
- Aeration: No
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration: 4
- No. of vessels per control: 4
TEST MEDIUM
- Preparation of dilution water: Reconstituted test water (Elendt "M4" Medium) was prepared using deionised water
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: 16 h light : 8 h dark
- Light intensity: 220 to 520 lux
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: No
RANGE-FINDING STUDY: Performed
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Yes - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.135 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% confidence limits: 0.113 - 0.163 mg/L
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.276 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC20
- Effect conc.:
- 0.103 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% confidence limits: 0.078 - 0.122 mg/L
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC20
- Effect conc.:
- 0.199 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.09 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% confidence limits: 0.063 - 0.108 mg/L
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.163 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.047 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.047 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.103 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.103 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: No
- Observations on body length and weight: No
- Other biological observations: No
- Mortality of control: No
- Other adverse effects control: No
- Abnormal responses: No
- Any observations that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: No
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: No - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- In the most recent test with the reference item potassium dichromate performed in January 2018 the EC50 after 24 hours was determined to be 1.06 mg test item/L, indicating that the sensitivity of the daphnids was consistent with the level proposed by the OECD 202 guideline (EC50-24 h between 0.6 and 2.1 mg potassium dichromate/L).
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The 24-hour and 48-hour EC50, EC20 and EC10 and the 95 % confidence limits were calculated by probit analysis. The NOEC and LOEC after 24 and 48 hours were determined directly from the raw data.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In a static Acute Immobilisation Test with Daphnia magna according to OECD TG 202 and EU Method C.2 the 48-hour EC50 of the test item was determined to be 0.135 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
An Acute Immobilisation Test according to OECD TG 202, EU Method C.2 and GLP-principles was carried out in order to determine the influence of the test item on the mobility of Daphnia magna. For this purpose, young daphnids (< 24 hours old) were exposed in a static test to nominal test item concentrations of 0.500, 0.227, 0.103, 0.047 and 0.021 mg/L for 48 hours (4 replicates per treatment, 5 animals per replicate). In parallel a blank control was performed (4 replicates, each containing 5 animals). The suitability of the test system was confirmed by a separate test with the reference item potassium dichromate (24 -hour EC50 = 1.06 mg/L). In result, the 48-hour NOEC was determined to be 0.047mg test item/L. The 48-hour LOEC was determined to be 0.103 mg test item/L and the 48-hour EC50 value was calculated to be 0.135 mg test item/L. The initial concentrations and the maintenance of the exposure concentrations during the test were verified by LC-MS analysis. All reported results refer to nominal values since the concentrations of the test item were within ± 20% of the nominal concentrations during the test. All validity criteria of the guidelines were fulfilled.
Reference
Description of key information
In a static Acute Immobilisation Test with Daphnia magna according to OECD TG 202 and EU Method C.2 the 48-hour EC50 of the substance was determined to be 0.135 mg/L (reference 6.1.3 -1).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 0.135 mg/L
Additional information
An Acute Immobilisation Test according to OECD TG 202, EU Method C.2 and GLP-principles was carried out in order to determine the influence of the test item on the mobility of Daphnia magna. For this purpose, young daphnids (< 24 hours old) were exposed in a static test to nominal test item concentrations of 0.500, 0.227, 0.103, 0.047 and 0.021 mg/L for 48 hours (4 replicates per treatment, 5 animals per replicate). In parallel a blank control was performed (4 replicates, each containing 5 animals). The suitability of the test system was confirmed by a separate test with the reference item potassium dichromate (24 -hour EC50 =1.06 mg/L). In result, the 48-hour NOEC was determined to be 0.047mg test item/L. The 48-hour LOEC was determined to be 0.103 mg test item/L and the 48-hour EC50 value was calculated to be 0.135mg test item/L.The initial concentrations and the maintenance of the exposure concentrations during the test were verified by LC-MS analysis. All reported results refer to nominal values since the concentrations of the test item were within ± 20% of the nominal concentrations during the test. All validity criteria of the guidelines were fulfilled (reference 6.1.3 -1).
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