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EC number: 247-530-0 | CAS number: 26239-55-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2017-01-10 to 2017-12-20
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 13th April 2004
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- May 30, 2008
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 850.1010 (Aquatic Invertebrate Acute Toxicity Test, Freshwater Daphnids)
- Version / remarks:
- 1996
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 100 mg/L
- Sampling method: For determination of the test item concentration, four replicate samples were taken from the test item treatment group and one from the control at the start and four replicate samples were taken from the test item treatment group and one from the control at the end of the experiment. The samples were directly injected and analysed by the above detailed HPLC method. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
The test solution used in the test was prepared by mechanical dispersion. For preparation of test solutions a stock solution was first prepared by dissolving an amount of 0.03 g test item in 300 mL ISO medium (pH: 7.83) to obtain the 100 mg/L nominal concentration. This solution was placed into an ultrasonic bath for 5 minutes. The pH of the stock solution (100 mg/L) was acidic (pH: 5.02). Therefore, the pH was adjusted to the pH level of the ISO medium with NaOH (according to OECD 23). (The pH level of the stock solution was 7.80 after the pH adjustment). This did not cause any effect (sedimentation, degradation) on the test item and the test solution. The test solution was freshly prepared in the testing laboratory just before introduction of the test animals (start of the experiment). - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Strain/clone: Straus
- Source: Laboratory of Hydrobiology, 2100 Gödöllö, Kotlan S. u. 3, Hungary
ACCLIMATION
Test animals were bred under similar (or the same) conditions as that used during the exposure period (holding water, temperature, background colour etc.), therefore additional acclimatization before the test was not necessary. Brood daphnids were maintained in dilution water at the test temperature for at least 48 hours prior to the start of the test. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- none
- Post exposure observation period:
- no
- Hardness:
- 249 mg/L (as CaCO3)
- Test temperature:
- 19.8 – 20.2 °C
- pH:
- 7.38 – 7.81 (in the treatment group); 7.65 – 8.10 (in the control group)
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.24 - 8.12 mg/L
- Salinity:
- not applicable
- Conductivity:
- not specified
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentration: 100 mg/L;
Measured concentrations reported as nominal as recovery was 106 % (start) and 103 % (end). - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass beaker; volume app. 50 mL
- Type: open
- Fill volume: 40 mL
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted water (ISO medium acc. to OECD TG 202)
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: none during test, only for test item solution before application
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: immobilisation (24 and 48h)
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- There was no immobilisation observed in the control and in the 100 mg/L concentration group. In both groups no abnormal behaviour or appearance of test animals was noted.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- Relevant effect levels: 24h EC50: 1.57 mg/L, (95 % confidence limits: 1.31 – 1.79 mg/L)
- Limit test: no
- Dose-response test: yes - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In a GLP-study according to OECD test guideline 202 the substance did show no toxicity to daphnia magna at the limit test concentration of 100 mg/L. Therefore, it has a NOEC of 100 mg/L and an EC50 of >100 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The aquatic toxicity of the test item was assessed using Daphnia magna in a 48-hour Acute Immobilisation Test according to OECD TG 202. For this purpose, young Daphnia were exposed to aqueous test media containing the test item for 48 hours. Based on results obtained in the non-GLP preliminary experiments Daphnia were exposed to a single concentration of 100 mg/L (limit concentration). The test included a concurrent negative control. A static test was performed as the test item was previously shown to be stable in the test medium for 48 hours. The purpose of the analytical part of this study was to verify the concentration of the test item in the test medium. The analytically measured test item concentration remained within ± 20 % of the nominal during the test period of 48 hours; therefore, biological results are based on the nominal concentration. Healthy, young female daphnids with known origin, history and acclimatization conditions were used. The test item and the control were tested using 20 Daphnia (divided into concurrent subgroups) each. Each test vessel contained approximately 40 mL test medium. Fully characterized (content, physicochemical characteristics) ISO Medium was used as test medium. The immobilisation of the test animals was recorded 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Environmental conditions were recorded. All measured values remained within acceptable ranges. All validity criteria were met and therefore the study was considered as valid. The 48-h NOEC was determined to be 100 mg/L and the LOEC and the EC50 values were determined to be > 100 mg/L.
Reference
Validity of the Study
Immobilisation was not observed in the control group and the dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the test in control and test vessels was more than 3 mg/L in all cases. All validity criteria were within acceptable limits and therefore the study was considered as valid.
Analytical Results
A concentration of 100 mg/L (limit concentration) and a concurrent control was tested in the main test. The concentration of the test item was analytically determined at the start and at the end of the experiment. Four replicate samples were taken from the test item treatment group and one from the control at the start and four replicate samples were taken from the test item treatment group and one from the control at the end of the study.
The test item was not detected in the untreated control group. In the treated group mean measured concentrations of the test item were 106 % of the nominal at the start and 103 % at the end of the test. Since the measured test item concentration remained within ± 20 % of the nominal during the test period of 48 hours, the biological results are given at nominal concentration.
Table 1: Test item concentrations measured in the test solutions
Nominal Concentration (mg/L) | Measured concentrations (mg/L) | In percentage of the nominal | Measured concentrations (mg/L) | In percentage of the nominal |
100 | 106.0 | 106% | 100.7 | 101% |
105.6 | 106% | 105.0 | 105% | |
105.4 | 105% | 104.2 | 104% | |
105.5 | 105% | 101.4 | 101% | |
Mean with 95% confidence interval, (mg/L) | 105.6 ± 0.4 | 106% | 102.8 ± 3.4 | 103% |
Biological Results
There was no immobilisation observed in the control and in the 100 mg/L concentration group. In both groups no abnormal behaviour or appearance of test animals was noted. The 48-h NOEC was determined to be 100 mg/L. The 48-h LOEC and the EC50 values were determined to be > 100 mg/L. Results are based on the nominal concentration.
Table 2: Summary of the Biological Endpoints
Parameter | Concentration [mg/L] based on nominal concentration |
48 h-EC50 95 % conf. limits | > 100 not calculated |
48 h-NOEC | 100 |
48 h-LOEC | > 100 |
Table 3: Results of the preliminary range-finding tests
1. Preliminary range-finding test* | ||||||
Nominal concentrations [mg/L] | Untreated control | 0.01 | 0.1 | 1 | 10 | 100 |
Number of treated animals | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
Number of immobilised animals (at 48h) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2. Preliminary range-finding test** | ||||||
Nominal concentrations [mg/L] | Untreated control | 100 | ||||
Number of treated animals | 10 | 10 | ||||
Number of immobilised animals (at 48h) | 0 | 10 |
*: the pH level of the stock solution was adjusted to the pH level of the ISO medium
**: the pH level was not adjusted
Table 4: Immobilization of the test animals
Test Group | Replicate | Number of Treated animals | Number of immobilised animals | |
24h | 48h | |||
Control | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
3 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
4 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
100 mg/L | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
3 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
4 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
Description of key information
In a GLP-study according to OECD test guideline 202 the substance did show no toxicity to daphnia magna at the limit test concentration of 100 mg/L. Therefore, it has a NOEC of 100 mg/L and an EC50 of > 100 mg/L (reference 6.1.3-1).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
The aquatic toxicity of the test item was assessed using Daphnia magna in a 48-hour Acute Immobilisation Test according to OECD TG 202. For this purpose, young Daphnia were exposed to aqueous test media containing the test item for 48 hours. Based on results obtained in the non-GLP preliminary experiments Daphnia were exposed to a single concentration of 100 mg/L (limit concentration). The test included a concurrent negative control. A static test was performed as the test item was previously shown to be stable in the test medium for 48 hours. The purpose of the analytical part of this study was to verify the concentration of the test item in the test medium. The analytically measured test item concentration remained within ± 20 % of the nominal during the test period of 48 hours; therefore, biological results are based on the nominal concentration. Healthy, young female daphnids with known origin, history and acclimatization conditions were used. The test item and the control were tested using 20 Daphnia (divided into concurrent subgroups) each. Each test vessel contained approximately 40 mL test medium. Fully characterized (content, physicochemical characteristics) ISO Medium was used as test medium. The immobilisation of the test animals was recorded 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Environmental conditions were recorded. All measured values remained within acceptable ranges. All validity criteria were met and therefore the study was considered as valid. The 48-h NOEC was determined to be 100 mg/L and the LOEC and the EC50 values were determined to be > 100 mg/L.
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