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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 946-992-7 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 24th January 2017- 23rd February 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- OECD 406
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 017
- Report date:
- 2017
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of study:
- Buehler test
- Justification for non-LLNA method:
- A Buehler test was used for R&D purposes and worldwide acceptance, so an LLNA should not ethically be completed based on animal welfare reasons. LLNA frequently gives false positives for irritating substances therefore Buehler test was used. The testing will also be submitted to other regulatory agencies that do not accept LLNA testing.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2,4-di-tert-pentylphenol
- EC Number:
- 204-439-0
- EC Name:
- 2,4-di-tert-pentylphenol
- Cas Number:
- 120-95-6
- Molecular formula:
- C16H26O
- IUPAC Name:
- 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol
impurity 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- The test material is a UVCB
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- Hartley
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- All animals were acclimated for at least five days. Animals were individually housed in wire mesh suspension cages. Cage cards incorporating study number and animal group code were used to identify each guinea pig. Animals were evaluated during the pre study acclimation period for signs of disease or physical abnormalities and only animals that appeared healthy were used on the study. Only animals with skin sites that were free from defects or alterations in coloration or texture were used. The animals to be tested were selected from the population of animals available for this study. The animals were randomly caged according to Standard Operating Procedures.
The animals were maintained on a 12-hour cycle light controlled room, at a temperature of 64° - 79°F and a relative humidity of 30-70%. The animals were maintained according to the recommendations contained in the National Academy Press 2011: “Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.” The animals were supplied Purina Guinea Pig Chow and tap water ad libitum during both acclimation and test periods. There was daily access to feed analysis and water analysis was documented. There were no contaminants in either the feed or the water that would be expected to affect the outcome of this study.
Study design: in vivo (non-LLNA)
Induction
- Route:
- epicutaneous, semiocclusive
- Vehicle:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Mineral oil
- Concentration / amount:
- 0.4ml of 75% concentration of test substance
- Day(s)/duration:
- 6 hours
- Adequacy of induction:
- highest concentration used causing mild-to-moderate skin irritation and well-tolerated systemically
Challenge
- No.:
- #1
- Route:
- epicutaneous, semiocclusive
- Vehicle:
- other: Mineral oil
- Concentration / amount:
- 0.4ml of 25% concentration of test sample.
- Day(s)/duration:
- 6hrs
- Adequacy of challenge:
- highest non-irritant concentration
- No. of animals per dose:
- 20 animals were used both induction and challenge test
- Details on study design:
- A pilot study was conducted using 2 animals to determine the concentration that produced mild dermal irritation at the application site which is then used for the inductions dose and the highest non irritating concentration of the test substance is then used as the challenge dose. The application site is prepared by removing hair from the back and sides of the trunk and four sites are selected for the irritation screening, 0.4ml of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the test substance were applied to the test site and secured with micropore tape and further secured with kendal adhesive tape then left for 6 hrs after which the tape is removed and the irritation scores are taken a day after.
Similarly, application sites were prepared on test animals by shaving off hair and test substance is applied and secured with tape for 6hours after which tape is taken off and excess material wiped off. The test substance was administered to 20 young adults’ male Guinea pigs by dermal application at a dose volume of 0.4ml per application site for the Inductions and challenge. The does was based upon the appropriate amount of material sufficient to saturate the cotton pad in the Hilltop Chamber and allow for good skin contact of the test substance. Animals are scored for Irritation (erythema) at 24 and 48hours after completion of exposure. All animal body weight are taken before and after the study. In the challenge study, 6 negative control animals were challenged with the test substance alongside 10 test animals.
All induction scores are recorded final challenge scores are reported after 24 and 48hrs. - Challenge controls:
- 6 Animals were used for the control groups and 4 were kept in case a rechallenge was required.
- Positive control substance(s):
- yes
Results and discussion
In vivo (non-LLNA)
Resultsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- Animals were dosed at 25% concentration for the challenge phase
- No. with + reactions:
- 20
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Key result
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- Animals were dosed at 25% concentration
- No. with + reactions:
- 19
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Key result
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 6
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- Animals were dosed at 25% concentration
- No. with + reactions:
- 1
- Total no. in group:
- 6
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Group:
- positive control
- Remarks on result:
- not measured/tested
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 1B (indication of skin sensitising potential) based on GHS criteria
- Conclusions:
- Following primary challenge of test substance, at 25% concentration, the incidence of grade 1 response or greater in the test group (20 of 20) was compared to that of the naive control group (1 of 6). The incidence and severity of these responses were significantly greater than those produced by the naive control group indicating that sensitization had been induced.
- Executive summary:
The test substance was tested for dermal sensitization potential utilizing a Buehler Technique Guinea Pig Sensitization Protocol. The test substance was evaluated for sensitization potential by applying 0.4 ml at a 75% concentration directly into Hilltop Chambers® and applying them to the clipped left shoulder of twenty albino guinea pigs in the following manner: The animals were held gently, and the chambers were applied as quickly as possible to the clipped left shoulder. The chambers were secured with Micropore tape and further secured with Kendall adhesive tape. Approximately six hours later, the tape and chambers were removed. Two additional induction doses were conducted following the same procedure, at weekly intervals. Two weeks after the final application the animals received a topical primary challenge dose (6 hour contact), at 25% concentration, on a naive site located on the right shoulder. Animals were scored for irritation at 24 and 48 hours after initiation of the primary challenge application. Ten guinea pigs served as a naive control group, and remained untreated through the induction phase. Six naive control animals received only the primary challenge dose, at a 25% concentration. The four remaining guinea pigs were designated for a re-challenge, if necessary. Following primary challenge at 25% concentration, the incidence of grade 1 response or greater in the test group (20 of 20) was compared to that of the naive control group (1 of 6). The incidence and severity of these responses were significantly greater than those produced by the naive control group indicating that sensitization had been induced.
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