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EC number: 234-809-7 | CAS number: 12034-59-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 14 Feb. - 11 March 2003
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Version / remarks:
- December 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and batch No.of test material: SNB10OG200277M
- Expiration date of the batch: 2003-12-31
- Purity test date: >99%
STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: protected from moisture
- Stability under test conditions: stable
TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING
- Treatment of test material prior to testing: The test solution (1 L) was shaken for 24 h at 20 rpm in a 1 L glass bottle. Undissolved particles of the test item were removed by filtration (pore size 0.45 µm).
OTHER SPECIFICS:
- black powder
- Water solubility: Hardly soluble, <10 mg/L (OECD 105)
- Concentration: saturated solution with 100 mg/L
- Storage at test facility: Room temperature, protected from moisture and light
- The test item and the information concerning the test item were provided by the sponsor - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Concentration control analysis was carried out and reported by the sponsor under NON-GLP conditions. 100 mL each of the saturated concentration and control were sampled at the beginning and end of the test. The samples were stored in PE bottles at 4 - 8 °C until shipping.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A saturated solution was prepared with 100 mg/L and dilution water. The test solution (1 L) was shaken for 24 h at 20 rpm in a 1 L glass bottle. undissolved particles of the test item were removed by filtration (pore size 0.45 µm).
- Controls: yes - Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Desmodesmus subspicatus CHODAT SAG 86.81 (formerly known as Scenedesmus subspicatus CHODAT)
- Strain: 86.81 SAG
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Sammlung von Algenkulturen (SAG), Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut der Universität Göttingen, Nikolausberger Weg 18, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): A three day-old preculture incubated at study conditions was used for the main study, incubation was performed in 500 mL Erlenmeyer flasks with test medium. For the start of the test the preculture was diluted with test medium to receive an initial cell concentration of approximately 1 x 10^4 cells/mL in the replicates
- Method of cultivation: Fresh stocks were prepares every month on Z-Agar. Light intensity amounted 35-70 µE/m^2*s for 24 h per day.
ACCLIMATION
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): same as test - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Hardness:
- nominal hardness of 0.48 mmol Ca+Mg/L
- Test temperature:
- 23 ± 2 °C
- pH:
- 8.2 ± 0.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- n.a.
- Salinity:
- n.a.
- Conductivity:
- n.a.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- A saturated solution was prepared at a nominal loading level of 100 mg/L.
Measured concentrations were below 1 mg/L. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Erlenmeyer flasks 250 mL
- Material, fill volume: glass, 100 ml
- Aeration: no
- Control initial cells density: 8,815 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 418,858 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: no
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 24 h/d light
- Light intensity and quality: Nominally 60 - 120 μE/m2 • s
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: Cell density was measured via Chlorophyll-a-fluorescence (excitation at 435 nm, emission at 685 nm). Each replicate was measured 6-fold. The cell density was measured at the beginning of the test and every 24 h. Filtrated culture medium was used as ground signal.
- Chlorophyll measurement: excitation at 435 nm, emission at 685 nm
- Other: Microscopic evaluation of the cells was determined at the start and end of the incubation. Alga cells were checked for any unusual cell shapes, color differences, differences in chloroplast morphology, flocculations, adherence of algae to test containers or aggregation of alga cells.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: not applicable, saturated solution
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: pretest showed no different results for diluted saturated solutions
- Range finding study: yes
- Test concentrations in preliminary test: 1:2, 1:10, control
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes
- Concentration control analysis was carried out and reported by the sponsor under NON-GLP conditions. 100 mL each of the saturated concentration and control were sampled at the beginning and end of the test. The samples were stored in PE bottles at 4-8 °C until shipping. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate p.a. (MERCK)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: No adverse effect on the algal growth rate was observed in the saturated solution.
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): no
- Unusual cell shape: no
- Colour differences: not reported
- Flocculation: not reported
- Adherence to test vessels: not reported
- Aggregation of algal cells: not reported
- Other: /
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: no
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: only saturated solution tested, no precipitations - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- EC50: 0.62-0.77 (Inhibiton of biomass growth), 0.73-1.09 (Rate-related inhibition) - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- NOEC and LOEC were determined by calculation of statistical significance of biomass integrals and growth rates.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Niobium(II)-Oxide was found to be non-inhibitory to the biomass growth and rate related growth of the freshwater green alga Desmodesmus subspicatus at the saturated solution level.
- Executive summary:
In a 72 hour acute toxicity study according to EU method C.3., the cultures of Desmodesmus subspicatus CHODAT (Strain No. 86.81) were exposed to Niobium(II)-Oxide. The test substance was applied at a nominal loading level of 100 mg/L. After shaking for 24 h and filtration the saturated solution was used in the test. The measured Nb concentrations were found to be below 1 mg/L. No effect on the alga were observed. Hence, Niobium(II)-Oxide was found to be non-inhibitory to the biomass growth and rate related growth of the freshwater green alga D. subspicatus at the saturated solution level.
No abnormalities were noted.
This toxicity study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirements for the Alga, Growth Inhibition Test with D. subspicatus toxicity study according to the EC Directive 92/69/EC Method C3.
Results Synopsis
Test Organism: Desmodesmus subspicatus
Test Type: Static, Limit test with saturated solution
72hr NOEC: saturated solution (measured < 1 mg a.i./L)
Endpoint(s) Effected: biomass, growth rate
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- For details and justification of read-across please refer to the attached report in section 13 of IUCLID.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: No adverse effect on the algal growth rate was observed in the saturated solution.
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): no
- Unusual cell shape: no
- Colour differences: not reported
- Flocculation: not reported
- Adherence to test vessels: not reported
- Aggregation of algal cells: not reported
- Other: /
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: no
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: only saturated solution tested, no precipitations - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- EC50: 0.62-0.77 (Inhibiton of biomass growth), 0.73-1.09 (Rate-related inhibition) - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- NOEC and LOEC were determined by calculation of statistical significance of biomass integrals and growth rates.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Niobium(II)-Oxide was found to be non-inhibitory to the biomass growth and rate related growth of the freshwater green alga Desmodesmus subspicatus at the saturated solution level.
- Executive summary:
In a 72 hour acute toxicity study according to EU method C.3., the cultures of Desmodesmus subspicatus CHODAT (Strain No. 86.81) were exposed to Niobium(II)-Oxide. The test substance was applied at a
nominal loading level of 100 mg/L. After shaking for 24 h and filtration the saturated solution was used in the test. The measured Nb concentrations were found to be below 1 mg/L. No effect on the alga
were observed. Hence, Niobium(II)-Oxide was found to be non-inhibitory to the biomass growth and rate related growth of the freshwater green alga D. subspicatus at the saturated solution level.
No abnormalities were noted.
This toxicity study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirements for the Alga, Growth Inhibition Test with D. subspicatus toxicity study according to the EC Directive 92/69/EC Method C3.
Results Synopsis
Test Organism: Desmodesmus subspicatus
Test Type: Static, Limit test with saturated solution
72hr NOEC: saturated solution (measured < 1 mg a.i./L)
Endpoint(s) Effected: biomass, growth rate
This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the substance to be registered.
For details and justification of read-across please refer to the attached report in section 13 of IUCLID.
Referenceopen allclose all
Table 1: NOEC and LOEC (0 -72 h) of Biomass Inhibition and Rate-Related Inhibition
based on saturated solution
NOEC and LOEC values were calculated using One Way Analysis of Variance and Dunnett`s Method ( α=0.05)
Inhibition of biomass growth | |
LOEC | not applicable* |
NOEC | saturated solution |
Rate-related inhibition | |
LOEC | not applicable* |
NOEC | saturated solution |
* No effects found at the saturated solution level, containing <1 mg/L Niobium
Table 2: Preliminary Test Results: Cell Density Values (2 replicates each, control: 4 replicates)
Dilution level | Replicate No. | Cell density [cells/mL] | |
0 h | 72 h | ||
Saturated Solution | 1 | 8328 | 357648 |
2 | 8820 | 366668 | |
1:2 | 1 | 8984 | 303118 |
2 | 8615 | 312548 | |
1:10 | 1 | 9558 | 383888 |
2 | 8943 | 365028 | |
Control | 1 | 8943 | 385118 |
2 | 8984 | 378968 | |
3 | 9066 | 353958 | |
4 | 8779 | 378558 |
No self fluorescence was found up to the saturated solution
Table 3: Cell densities, main test
Test group | RE. No. | Cell density [cell/mL] | |||
0 h | 24 h | 48 h | 72 h | ||
Saturated solution | 1 | 8861 | 26235 | 153017 | 483211 |
2 | 8759 | 26870 | 133419 | 435343 | |
3 | 9261 | 28213 | 139077 | 451128 | |
Mean | 8960 | 27106 | 141838 | 456561 | |
Control | 1 | 8800 | 23990 | 122001 | 418533 |
2 | 8297 | 24369 | 122431 | 435856 | |
3 | 8994 | 23765 | 111382 | 423863 | |
4 | 8748 | 24103 | 112776 | 412076 | |
5 | 9199 | 23724 | 107589 | 418738 | |
6 | 8851 | 23795 | 107794 | 404081 | |
Mean | 8815 | 23958 | 113996 | 418858 |
RE. = Replicate
Table 1: NOEC and LOEC (0 -72 h) of Biomass Inhibition and Rate-Related Inhibition
based on saturated solution
NOEC and LOEC values were calculated using One Way Analysis of Variance and Dunnett`s Method ( α=0.05)
Inhibition of biomass growth | |
LOEC | not applicable* |
NOEC | saturated solution |
Rate-related inhibition | |
LOEC | not applicable* |
NOEC | saturated solution |
* No effects found at the saturated solution level, containing <1 mg/L Niobium
Table 2: Preliminary Test Results: Cell Density Values (2 replicates each, control: 4 replicates)
Dilution level | Replicate No. | Cell density [cells/mL] | |
0 h | 72 h | ||
Saturated Solution | 1 | 8328 | 357648 |
2 | 8820 | 366668 | |
1:2 | 1 | 8984 | 303118 |
2 | 8615 | 312548 | |
1:10 | 1 | 9558 | 383888 |
2 | 8943 | 365028 | |
Control | 1 | 8943 | 385118 |
2 | 8984 | 378968 | |
3 | 9066 | 353958 | |
4 | 8779 | 378558 |
No self fluorescence was found up to the saturated solution
Table 3: Cell densities
Test group | RE. No. | Cell density [cell/mL] | |||
0 h | 24 h | 48 h | 72 h | ||
Saturated solution | 1 | 8861 | 26235 | 153017 | 483211 |
2 | 8759 | 26870 | 133419 | 435343 | |
3 | 9261 | 28213 | 139077 | 451128 | |
Mean | 8960 | 27106 | 141838 | 456561 | |
Control | 1 | 8800 | 23990 | 122001 | 418533 |
2 | 8297 | 24369 | 122431 | 435856 | |
3 | 8994 | 23765 | 111382 | 423863 | |
4 | 8748 | 24103 | 112776 | 412076 | |
5 | 9199 | 23724 | 107589 | 418738 | |
6 | 8851 | 23795 | 107794 | 404081 | |
Mean | 8815 | 23958 | 113996 | 418858 |
RE. = Replicate
Description of key information
No adverse effects could be demonstrated on the growth of Desmodesmus subspicatus after exposure to a saturated NbO solution for up to 72 h. The test was conducted according to EC Directive 92/69/EC method C.3. The saturated solution was prepared at a nominal loading level of 100 mg/L and used in the test after shaking for 24 h and subsequent filtration. The actual concentration of Nb in the test solution was verified to be below 1 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the substance to be registered.
For details and justification of read-across please refer to the attached report in section 13 of IUCLID.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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