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EC number: 202-235-6 | CAS number: 93-28-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2011-08-22 to 2011-11-10
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- This study was performed according to OECD Guideline 301 F with GLP compliance. All validity criteria were fulfilled and no deviations were observed.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Not applicable
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Remarks:
- GLP compliance inspected on 26 and 27 October 2010 / signed on 08 February 2011
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- No additional information
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- Fresh activated sludge from a biological waste water treatment plant treating predominantly domestic sewage (Bois-de-Bay, Satigny, Switzerland) was used. The sludge is collected in the morning, washed three times in the mineral medium (by centrifuging at 1000 g for 10 minutes, discarding the supernatant and resuspending in mineral medium) and kept aerobic until being used on the same day.
Dry weight of suspended solids : 4,38 g/L, diluted to 1,53 g/L.
To obtain a concentration of 30 mg/L (dry weight) in 103 mL flasks, 2,00 mL of sludge were added (inoculum).
To obtain a concentration of 30 mg/L (dry weight) in 255 mL flasks, 5,00 mL of sludge were added (inoculum). - Duration of test (contact time):
- 48 d
- Initial conc.:
- 30 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: compliant with recommendations of TG on mineral medium
The pH is measured and if necessary adjusted to 7.4 ± 0.2 with phosphoric acid or potassium hydroxide.
- Solubilising agent (type and concentration if used): None
- Test temperature: 21.9 °C - 22.7 °C
- CEC (meq/100 g): No data
- Aeration of dilution water: No data
- Suspended solids concentration: 30 mg/L dry weight activated sludge
- Continuous darkness: No data
- Water: The water used during this study is deionised water containing less than 10 mg/L dissolved organic carbon.
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: Test flasks of the Oxitop
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2
- Measuring equipment: The respirometer used during this study is a Oxitop Control System, made by Wissenschaftlich-Tennische Werkstätten (WTW), Weilheim, Germany.
- Test performed in closed vessels: Yes
- Test performed in open system: No
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: Yes
- Procedure control: Yes with the reference substance
- Toxicity control: No - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Preliminary study:
- None
- Test performance:
- Everyday the oxygen consumption of each flask is recorded and correct temperature and stirring are checked. At the end of the test period (normally 28 days), the pH of each flask is measured again.
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 81
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 78
- Sampling time:
- 48 d
- Details on results:
- Test substance undergoes 81% biodegradation after 28 days in the test conditions. The 10-day window criterion is also fulfilled (39% biodegradation on day 3 and 74% biodegradation on day 13).
Test substance at 30 mg/L is not considered inhibitory to the micro-organisms because the test substance did not inhibit the intrinsic respiration of the inoculum at the test concentration. - Results with reference substance:
- Degradation of sodium benzoate exceeded 40 % after 7 days and 65 % after 14 days: the activity of the inoculum was thus verified (validity criterion).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The test item undergoes 81 % biodegradation after 28 days in the test conditions. The 10-day window criterion is also fulfilled. Thus, the test item should be regarded as readily biodegradable according to this test. In addition, no toxic effects of the test substance were observed to migro-organisms at the test concentration.
- Executive summary:
The ready biodegradability of the test item has been determined by the Manometric Respirometry Test according to the OECD Guideline No. 301F with GLP compliance.
A nominal concentration of test substance (30 mg/L) was introduced into the system.
The test substance was not found to be inhibitory to the micro-organisms at a concentration of 30 mg/L. The test item undergoes 81 % biodegradation after 28 days under the test conditions.
The 10 -day window criterion is also fulfilled (39 % biodegradation on day 3 and 74 % biodegradation on day 13).
Degradation of sodium benzoate exceeded 40 % after 7 days and 65 % after 14 days: the activity of the inoculum is thus verified as acceptable.
According to this test, the conclusion is that the test item should be regarded as readily biodegradable.
Reference
Table 5.2.1/2: Test substance - O2 uptake (mg O2/L), adjusted to nominal concentrations
|
Days : |
2 |
3 |
7 |
13 |
21 |
28 |
48 |
|
O2 uptake of sludge (inoculum blank) |
1a |
B1 |
18.8 |
21.5 |
28.3 |
35.0 |
40.4 |
44.4 |
57.9 |
2a |
B2 |
17.5 |
20.2 |
26.9 |
32.3 |
36.3 |
39.0 |
44.4 |
|
mean |
B |
18.2 |
20.9 |
27.6 |
33.7 |
38.4 |
41.7 |
51.2 |
|
O2 uptake of Test Subst. + sludge |
15a |
C1 |
24.2 |
47.1 |
68.7 |
82.1 |
90.2 |
94.2 |
102.0 |
16a |
C2 |
22.9 |
45.8 |
68.6 |
82 |
88.7 |
94.1 |
101.9 |
|
O2 uptake of Test Substance |
|
C1-B |
6.1 |
26.8 |
41.1 |
48.5 |
51.9 |
52.5 |
50.9 |
|
C2-B |
4.7 |
24.9 |
41.0 |
48.4 |
50.4 |
52.4 |
50.8 |
|
% of biodegradation of test substance |
|
D1 |
9 |
40 |
63 |
74 |
80 |
81 |
78 |
|
D2 |
7 |
38 |
63 |
74 |
77 |
81 |
78 |
|
mean |
D |
8 |
39 |
63 |
74 |
79 |
81 |
78 |
Calculations :
B1, B2, C1, C2, A1, A2, E1 : experimental O2 uptake values
B = (B1 + B2) / 2
D1 = 100 * (C1 - B) / ThOD * [S]
D2 = 100 * (C2 - B) / ThOD * [S]
D = (D1 + D2) / 2
[S] : initial test substance concentration (mg/L)
Description of key information
OECD Guideline 301F, GLP, key study, validity 1:
81% biodegradation after 28 days within the 10-day window.
Readily biodegradable.
Non-toxic to microorganisms up to 30 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
Additional information
This study was performed on the registered substance according to OECD Guideline 301F and GLP. The test substance at 30 mg/L was inoculated with activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant, treating predomantly domestic wastewater.The degradation of the test substance was assessed by the determination of the oxygen consumption.At the end of the 28-day exposure period, the mean biodegradation of the test substance amounted to 81% within the 10 -day window. Therefore, the test substance is considered readily biodegradable. In the toxicity control, containing both the test substance and the reference substance (sodium benzoate), the test substance had no inhibitory effect on the activity of activated sludge microorganisms at the tested concentration of 30 mg/L. In the procedure controls, the reference substance was degraded by an average of 91% by Exposure Day 14, and reached an average biodegradation of 96% by the end of the test (Day 28), thus confirming suitability of the activated sludge.
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