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EC number: 248-570-1 | CAS number: 27610-92-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to soil microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil microorganisms
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- August - September 2019
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- GLP compiant
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 216 (Soil Microorganisms: Nitrogen Transformation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- January 2000
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Due to unusual high temperatures during the summer months the room temperature exceeded22 °C (by maximum 24.2°C, corresponding to 8.0%) for altogether 26 days.
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- GLP Certificate: Statement of GLP Compliance from Staatliches Gewerbeaufsichtsamt Hildesheim, Germany, dated 03.01.2017
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: 18 - 25°C, dark, in the tightly closed original container
- Solubility and stability of the test substance in the solvent/vehicle: Not applicable
TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING
- Treatment of test material prior to testing: No - Analytical monitoring:
- not required
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (inoculum):
- soil
- Total exposure duration:
- 28 d
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 2 °C (nominal)
18.6 - 24.2°C (measured) - Moisture:
- At test initiation the soil was adjusted to approximately 45 % of its maximum water holding capacity. All replicates were weighed once per week to check for water losses by evaporation (recommended maximum 5 %, actual 0.5 – 0.9 %). Demineralized water was added as necessary.
- Organic carbon content (% dry weight):
- 0.544
- Nitrogen content (% dry weight):
- 1.15
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test container (type, material, size): Plastic boxes (volume 1.0 L, food grade) with perforated tops to enable gas exchange
- Amount of soil: 400 g soil dry weight per replicate
- No. of replicates per concentration: 3
- No. of replicates per control: 3
- No. of replicates per vehicle control: Not applicable
SOIL INCUBATION
- Method: Bulk
SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Geographical reference of sampling site: R-439683; H-5449554
- History of site: 2015 - 2019 uncultivated; 2015 - 2019 no fertilisation
- Vegetation cover: no information given
- Treatments with pesticides: No crop protection products applied during the year of sampling and 4 preceding years.
- Accidental contamination: No
- Depth of sampling: 0 - 20 cm
- Soil texture
- % sand: 57.3
- % silt: 35.0
- % clay: 7.6
- Soil taxonomic classification: Silty sand
- Soil classification system: German DIN classification
- pH (in water): 5.9 ± 0.5
- Initial nitrate concentration for nitrogen transformation test (mg nitrate/kg dry weight): 11.5 (Total inorganic nitrogen: 12.1 mg/kg dw)
- Maximum water holding capacity (g/100 g dw): 34.9 ± 1.8
- Cation exchange capacity (meq /100 g): 7.3 ± 1.1
- Pretreatment of soil: The soil was manually cleared of large objects and then sieved to a particle size of up to 2 mm, the soil amounts were amended with powdered lucerne-green-grass-meal (0.5% of soil dry weight). Total nitrogen content: 24.6 g/kg, total carbon content: 43.2%, C/N ratio: 17.6, origin: Futtermittel & Naturkost Mühle Gladen, Dorsten, Germany
- Storage (condition, duration): The soil was stored for 60 days (2019-05-31 to 2019-07-29) in the dark at 4-6°C in a climatic room.
- Initial microbial biomass as % of total organic C: 2.88
DETAILS OF PREINCUBATION OF SOIL (if any):
The soil was pre-incubated at room temperature (ca. 20°C) for 23 days (2019-07-29 to 2019-08-21) to adapt the microorganisms to test conditions before the start of the study.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
Metabolic activity of the microbial biomass, measured as nitrate formation rate was determined after 0, 7, 14 and 28 days.
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg/kg dw
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study:
Test concentration Inhibition [%] compared to untreated Control
[mg/kg soil DW] 7 d 14 d 28 d
10 -27 -22 -6
100 -61 -52 -1
1000 n.d. n.d. 52 - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 10, 31.6, 100, 316, 1000 mg/kg soil dry weight (nominal)
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Cyanoguanidine
- Key result
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 354 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- nitrate formation rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95%CI 210-614 mg/kg dw
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC25
- Effect conc.:
- 566 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- nitrate formation rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI 393-734 mg/kg dw
- Key result
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 828 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- nitrate formation rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI 629-933 mg/kg dw
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- Other: Cyanoguanidine a well-known inhibitor of nitrification is tested once per year as toxic reference with 50 mg/kg soil dry weight. Most recent test conducted from 2019-03-13 to 2019-04-10
Test concentration Nitrate-N Formation Rate
[mg/kg soil dry weight] [%] compared to Untreated Control
7 d 14 d 28 d
50 55* 60* 58*
* = difference to control >= 25%
The observed effects caused by the reference item Cyanoguanidine prove the sensitivity of the test system thereby showing its suitability for this kind of study. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- EC-values and confidence intervals: ECx values were calculated by straight line (day 7) and sigmoida dose-response regression (day 14 and 28). Calculations of the confidence intervals for ECx-values were carried out using standard procedures.
Calculations were carried out using software: Excel, Microsoft Corporation, GraphPad Prism, GraphPad Software, Inc. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Variation between control replicates was < 15 % at days 0, 7, 14 and 28 for the determination of inorganic nitrogen (nitrate-N content).
- Conclusions:
- EC10-, EC25- and EC50-values were determined for day 7, 14 and 28.
ECx values of Nitrate-N Formation Rate:
Day 7 Day 14 Day 28
EC10 161 mg/kg DW 387mg/kg DW 354 mg/kg DW
95% conficence 150-172 353-425 210-614
interval
EC25 180 mg/kg DW 456 mg/kg DW 566 mg/kg DW
95% confidence 168-193 416-498 393-734
interval
EC50 217 mg/kg DW 590 mg/kg DW 828 mg/kg DW
95% confidence 203-234 543-637 629-933
interval - Executive summary:
The effects of 2-butyloctanoic acid on the metabolic activity of soil micro-organisms were determined according to OECD Guideline 216 (2000) at the test facility from 2019-08-21 to 2019-09-19, with the definitive exposure phase from 2019-08-21 to 2019-09-18. The test guideline presents alternative testing procedures that apply to agrochemical and non-agrochemical substances. The approach for non-agrochemical substances, which entails a dose-response test design and focuses primarily on inhibitory effects was adopted in this study performed with 2-butyloctanoic acid.
The test item was applied via quartz sand at concentrations of 1000 - 316 - 100 - 31.6 - 10 mg/kg soil dry weight (factor√10). Untreated field soil, adjusted to a moisture content corresponding to nominally 45 % of its maximum water holding capacity and mixed with a source of organic nitrogen (lucerne-greengrass-meal), was tested as the control under the same test conditions as the test item replicates. Plastic boxes (volume 1.0 L) with perforated tops to enable gas exchange and filled with 400 g soil dry weight were used as test vessels.
In the presence of a viable community of soil microflora, organic nitrogen undergoes conversion to mineralised nitrogen and a sequence of microbially mediated transformations that result in the formation of a series of inorganic nitrogen species: ammonification (product = NH4+-N), followed by Stage 1 nitrification (product = NO2--N) and finally Stage 2 nitrification (product = NO3--N). The effects of the test item on nitrogen transformation by soil microflora were determined by comparing rates of formation of the terminal transformation product, nitrate-nitrogen (NO3--N), in soil treated with 2 -butyloctanoic acid against the rate observed in the untreated control. Measurements of nitrate-nitrogen concentrations in soil were made in all treatments and the control on the day of treatment application (day 0) and after 7, 14 and 28 days.
EC10-, EC25- and EC50-values were determined for day 7, 14 and 28.
ECx values of Nitrate-N Formation Rate:
Day 7 Day 14 Day 28
EC10 161 mg/kg DW 387mg/kg DW 354 mg/kg DW
95% conficence 150-172 353-425 210-614
interval
EC25 180 mg/kg DW 456 mg/kg DW 566 mg/kg DW
95% confidence 168-193 416-498 393-734
interval
EC50 217 mg/kg DW 590 mg/kg DW 828 mg/kg DW
95% confidence 203-234 543-637 629-933
interval
Reference
Test concentration [mg/kg soil dry weight] | Day 0 | Day 7 | Day 14 | Day 28 | |||||||
Inhibition compared to control [%] | Mean ± SD [mg NO3-N/kg soil dry weight] | CV [%] | Inhibition compared to control [%] | Mean ± SD [mg NO3-N/kg soil dry weight] | CV [%] | Inhibition compared to control [%] | Mean ± SD [mg NO3-N/kg soil dry weight] | CV [%] | Inhibition compared to control [%] | ||
Control | Nitrate-N | - | 10.9 ± 0.78 | 7 | - | 14.7 ± 0.72 | 5 | - | 22.6 ± 0.97 | 4 | - |
Nitrate-N formation rate | - | 0.76 ± 0.11 | 15 | - | 0.65 ± 0.05 | 8 | - | 0.61 ± 0.04 | 6 | - | |
10.0 | Nitrate-N | 13 | 10.7 ± 0.17 | 2 | 2 | 14.5 ± 1.55 | 11 | 1 | 21.5 ± 0.70 | 3 | 5 |
Nitrate-N formation rate | - | 0.84 ± 0.03 |
3 |
-10 |
0.69 ± 0.11 |
16 |
-6 |
0.59 ± 0.03 |
4 |
3 |
|
31.6 |
Nitrate-N |
24 |
11.5 ± 0.27 |
2 |
-6 |
14.3 ± 0.32 |
2 |
3 |
19.3 ± 0.35 |
2 |
15 |
Nitrate-N formation rate |
- |
1.04 ± 0.04 |
3 |
-36 |
0.72 ± 0.02 |
3 |
-10 |
0.54 ± 0.01 |
2 |
11 |
|
100 |
Nitrate-N |
15 |
12.9 ± 0.59 |
5 |
-18 |
19.9 ± 0.75 |
4 |
-35 |
22.0 ± 1.59 |
7 |
3 |
Nitrate-N formation rate |
- |
1.17 ± 0.09 |
7 |
-53 |
1.09 ± 0.06 |
5 |
-68 |
0.62 ± 0.06 |
9 |
-1 |
|
316 |
Nitrate-N |
19 |
3.24 ± 0.26 |
8 |
70 |
14.3 ± 0.32 |
2 |
3 |
20.1 ± 0.57 |
3 |
11 |
Nitrate-N formation rate |
- |
- |
- |
n.d. |
0.70 ± 0.02 |
3 |
-7 |
0.56 ± 0.02 |
4 |
9 |
|
1000 |
Nitrate-N |
12 |
< LOQ |
- |
100 |
n.d. |
- |
100 |
11.1 ± 0.85 |
8 |
51 |
Nitrate-N formation rate |
- |
- | - | n.d. |
n.d. |
- |
n.d. |
0.22 ± 0.03 |
14 |
64 |
|
n.d. not determinable, due to negative Nitrate-N Formations rates |
Description of key information
The effects of 2 -butyloctanoic acid on the metabolic activity of soil micro-organisms were determined according to OECD Guideline 216.
The derived EC10 value was as follows: 354 mg/kg soil dry weight on day 28 and the EC50 for microbial nitrate transformation was determined to be 828 mg/kg soil dry weight on day 28.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Long-term EC10 or NOEC for soil microorganisms:
- 354 mg/kg soil dw
Additional information
The test item was applied via quartz sand at concentrations of 1000 - 316 - 100 - 31.6 - 10 mg/kg soil dry weight (factor√10). Untreated field soil, adjusted to a moisture content corresponding to nominally 45 % of its maximum water holding capacity and mixed with a source of organic nitrogen (lucerne-greengrass-meal), was tested as the control under the same test conditions as the test item replicates.Measurements of nitrate-nitrogen concentrations in soil were made in all treatments and the control on the day of treatment application (day 0) and after 7, 14 and 28 days.
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