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EC number: 265-022-7 | CAS number: 64696-98-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2015
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: well performed OECD study with GLP
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 015
- Report date:
- 2015
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- [2,3'-bis[[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]amino]but-2-enedinitrilato(2-)-N2,N3,O2,O3]nickel
- EC Number:
- 265-022-7
- EC Name:
- [2,3'-bis[[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]amino]but-2-enedinitrilato(2-)-N2,N3,O2,O3]nickel
- Cas Number:
- 64696-98-6
- Molecular formula:
- C18H10N4NiO2
- IUPAC Name:
- [2,3'-bis[[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]amino]but-2-enedinitrilato(2-)-N2,N3,O2,O3]nickel
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Determination of the test item
The test concentrations were analytically verified via HPLC-DAD in the saturated solution and the control at the start of the exposure (0 hours). A measured concentration below the LOQ was determined at the start of the exposure (0 hours). Therefore, no analytical monitoring at the end of the exposure was carried out and the test item concentrations was considered to be below the LOQ in the aged media, too.
Sampling for the analytical monitoring
At the start of the exposure (0 hours), sampling was carried out directly after preparation of the saturated solution.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Preparation of the saturated solution
The saturated solution (1.00 mg/L test item was weighed out) was prepared with demineralized water two days prior to the start of the exposure (0 h).
The dispersion was stirred for 48 hours (1100 rpm, room temperature) with a magnetic stirrer. Undissolved particles were removed by membrane filtration (membrane filter 0.45 µm, RC, MACHEREY-NAGEL). The filter was saturated in order to avoid adsorption during the filtration. The first 25 mL filtrate were discarded.
The filtration was interrupted for ca. 15 minutes to allow for adsorption and saturation of the filter material with dissolved test item. Thereafter, the filtration was continued. The next 25 mL were discarded. After the separation treatment the components of the dilution water were added to the saturated solution. The following filtrate, i.e. the saturated solution, was used in the test. During filtration the filter was always kept covered.
Test concentration
The saturated solution was tested in a limit test.
Control
Six replicates (without test item) were tested under the same test conditions as the test replicates.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Desmodesmus subspicatus Chodat
- Strain: SAG 86.81
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): SAG Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut der Universitaet Goettingen, Nikolausberger Weg 18, D-37073 Goettingen, Germany
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): 3 days
- Method of cultivation: Fresh stocks were prepared every month on Z-Agar. Light intensity amounted to 35 - 70 µE x m-2 x s-1 for 24 h per day.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- Dilution water: 0.24 mmol Ca+mg/L.
- Test temperature:
- min.: 22.0 max.: 22.0, mean value: 22.0
- pH:
- Nominal test item concentration pH-value
[mg/L] Start; 0 hours End; 72 hours
1.00 7.83 8.29
Control 8.00 8.43 - Dissolved oxygen:
- Not measured
- Salinity:
- Not measured, freshwater conditions
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks
- Type (delete if not applicable): open, cotton wool plugs
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: sterile 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks, test volume 100 mL
- Aeration: Test containers were placed on a rotary shaker and oscillated at appr. 70 rpm
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): None
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): One application at test start
- Initial cells density: Nominal: approximately 2 - 5 x 103 cells/mL, Actual: mean 4847 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: Mean 880586 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 6
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Dilution water, composition acc. to the guideline
- Hardness: 0.24 mmol Ca+Mg/L
- pH-value: 8.1 +/- 0.2
- Culture medium: Nutrient Medium Z acc. to LÜTTGE et al. (1994)
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: no
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 24 h
- Light intensity and quality: 60 - 120 µE x m-2 x s-1, mean value: 69.1
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: [counting chamber; electronic particle counter; fluorimeter; spectrophotometer; colorimeter] fluorimeter, Cell density and self fluorescence was measured daily via Chlorophyll-a- fluorescence, excitation at 436 nm, emission at 685 nm. Dilution water was used as background signal.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study:No
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test):
- Unusual cell shape: No
- Colour differences: No
- Flocculation: No
- Adherence to test vessels: No
- Aggregation of algal cells: No
- Other: No
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: No
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: No - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
The toxicity of potassium dichromate as reference substance is regularly determined over a period of 72 hours. The toxicity data of the reference item are in the valid range following the SOP of the test facility.
EC50-Values of the Recent Studies with the Reference Substance Potassium Dichromate
based on nominal concentrations mg/L, (0-72 hours)
Reference Substance Potassium Dichromate, CAS RN 7778-50-9, Sigma-Aldrich,
batch number MKBQ9179V, purity 100.0 %
Growth Rate Inhibition Valid Range (average ± 3 x SD)
ErC50 0.685 0.671 ± 0.401
95 % confidence interval 0.603 - 0.794
Yield Inhibition
EyC50 0.362 0.320 ± 0.139
95 % confidence interval 0.328 - 0.398
SD = Standard deviation - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- EC-values and statistical analyses
EC-values of growth rate and yield inhibition were estimated empirically based on the results of the only treatment level (Limit test design).
NOEC and LOEC values
NOEC/LOEC were determined by calculation of statistical significance of growth rate and yield by t-test analysis. When running a t-test, a Normality test and an Equal Variance test were done first. P-values for both Normality and Equal Variance tests were 0.05. The -value (acceptable probability of incorrectly concluding that there is a difference) is = 0.05.
Software
The data for the tables in this report were computer-generated and have been rounded for presentation from the full derived data. Consequently, if calculated manually based on the given data minor deviations may occur from these figures.
Calculations were carried out using software
• Excel, MICROSOFT CORPORATION
• SigmaPlot, SPSS INC.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Cell Densities
Nominal test item concentration |
Replicate |
Cell density [cells/mL] |
|||
[mg/L] |
No. |
0 hours |
24 hours |
48 hours |
72 hours |
1.00 |
1 |
4847 |
24137 |
154516 |
892576 |
2 |
4847 |
25739 |
232744 |
1255144 |
|
3 |
4847 |
28115 |
175312 |
1032225 |
|
4 |
4847 |
27923 |
179814 |
1116024 |
|
5 |
4847 |
27326 |
254868 |
1103998 |
|
6 |
4847 |
25720 |
166181 |
1000380 |
|
Mean |
4847 |
26493 |
193906 |
1066725 |
|
Control |
1 |
4847 |
21775 |
132907 |
749127 |
2 |
4847 |
22848 |
130574 |
827442 |
|
3 |
4847 |
26354 |
156632 |
831940 |
|
4 |
4847 |
23723 |
160101 |
1130504 |
|
5 |
4847 |
27836 |
150764 |
683945 |
|
6 |
4847 |
23507 |
181724 |
1060559 |
|
Mean |
4847 |
24341 |
152117 |
880586 |
Evaluation after 72 hours
Statistically significant differences of growth rates and yield compared to control values are marked (+), not significant differences are marked (-).
Nominal test item concentration |
Replicate |
Growth rate |
Rate-related inhibition |
Yield |
Inhibition of yield |
||
[mg/L] |
No. |
[d-1] |
[%] |
[cells/mL] |
[%] |
||
1.00 |
1 |
|
1.74 |
-1 |
|
887729 |
-1 |
2 |
|
1.85 |
-7 |
|
1250297 |
-43 |
|
3 |
|
1.79 |
-3 |
|
1027378 |
-17 |
|
4 |
|
1.81 |
-5 |
|
1111177 |
-27 |
|
5 |
|
1.81 |
-5 |
|
1099151 |
-26 |
|
6 |
|
1.78 |
-3 |
|
995533 |
-14 |
|
Mean |
(-) |
1.80 |
-4 |
(-) |
1061878 |
-21 |
|
Control |
1 |
|
1.68 |
|
|
744280 |
|
2 |
|
1.71 |
|
|
822595 |
|
|
3 |
|
1.72 |
|
|
827093 |
|
|
4 |
|
1.82 |
|
|
1125657 |
|
|
5 |
|
1.65 |
|
|
679098 |
|
|
6 |
|
1.80 |
|
|
1055712 |
|
|
Mean |
|
1.73 |
|
|
875739 |
|
Section-by-Section and Average Specific Growth Ratesof the Control Group (0 – 72 hours)
|
Replicate No. |
Specific growth rate [d-1] |
Mean (0 - 72 h) |
SD ± |
CV |
Mean CV [%] |
||
section-by-section |
||||||||
0 - 24 hours |
24 - 48 hours |
48 - 72 hours |
||||||
Control |
1 |
1.50 |
1.81 |
1.73 |
1.68 |
0.159 |
9.46 |
8.87 |
2 |
1.55 |
1.74 |
1.85 |
1.71 |
0.150 |
8.77 |
||
3 |
1.69 |
1.78 |
1.67 |
1.72 |
0.059 |
3.46 |
||
4 |
1.59 |
1.91 |
1.96 |
1.82 |
0.200 |
11.0 |
||
5 |
1.75 |
1.69 |
1.51 |
1.65 |
0.123 |
7.44 |
||
6 |
1.58 |
2.05 |
1.76 |
1.80 |
0.235 |
13.1 |
||
|
|
|
Mean |
1.73 |
|
|
||
|
|
|
SD ± |
0.07 |
|
|||
|
|
|
CV [%] |
3.78 |
|
CV= Coefficient of variation
SD= Standard deviation
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In this study, the test item was found not to inhibit the growth rate of the freshwater green alga Desmodesmus subspicatus after 72 hours. The NOEC-values of the test item for both inhibition of growth rate and inhibition of yield after 72 hours were 1.00 mg/L, respectively. The EC50-values of the test item for both inhibition of growth rate (ErC50) and yield (EyC50) after 72 hours were > 1.00 mg/L, respectively.
All effect levels are given based on the nominal concentration of the test item. - Executive summary:
The toxicity of the test item to the unicellular freshwater green alga Desmodesmus subspicatus was determined according to the principles of OECD 201 (2011) and Council Regulation (EC)761/2009/Method C.3 . The aim of the study was to assess the effects on growth rate and yield over a period of 72 hours.
The study was conducted under static conditions with an initial cell density of 4847 cells/mL. A saturated solution with a nominal concentration of 1.00 mg/L was assessed. Six replicates were tested for the limit concentration and the control. Environmental conditions were determined to be within the acceptable limits.
The test item concentration in the test and control solutions were analysed by HPLC-DAD at the start of the exposure. The measured concentration of the test item was below the SysQL. Therefore, no analytical monitoring was carried out at the end of the exposure. The test item concentration at the end of the exposure is considered to be below the SysQL.
All effect values of Polysynthren-Braun R are given based on the nominal concentration.
NOEC, LOEC and EC-values of the test item (0-72 hours)
based on nominal test item concentrations [mg/L]
Growth Rate Inhibition
Nominal test item concentration [mg/L]NOEC
1.00
LOEC
> 1.00
ErC10
> 1.00
ErC20
> 1.00
ErC50
> 1.00
Inhibition of Yield
Nominal test item concentration [mg/L]
NOEC
1.00
LOEC
> 1.00
EyC10
< 1.00
EyC20
> 1.00
EyC50
> 1.00
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