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EC number: 246-042-5 | CAS number: 24155-42-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- From February 5th to February 8th, 2013
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- significant methodological deficiencies
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- no analytical monitoring
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- no analytical monitoring
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- No justification provided.
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: For the stock solution 75.0 mg of test item was solved in 500 ml OECD medium so that the nominal concentration was 150 mg/l. Correction for the active content was applied by using weighing correction factor (1.086 for Imidazol Ethanol (CAS No 24155-42-8)). Thus the actual concentration of the test item in the stock solution was 138 mg/l. Eight test solutions of different concentration were prepared by mixing appropriate volume of OECD medium and stock solution of the test substance. The applied concentrations were spaced by a factor 2.
- Eluate: OECD medium
- Controls: OECD medium
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc.): no. - Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
- Strain: (Korshikov) F.Hindák
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): National Institute of Environmental Health
- Method of cultivation: The alga cells were passed from old seed stock cultures to fresh solid medium in every two or three weeks. The new seed cultures were kept under continuous illumination for five or seven days. After this grow phase they were kept in refrigerator. Three days before the test an inoculum culture was made by passing a small amount alga biomass from seed stock culture to 75 ml sterile OECD medium with a sterile inoculating loop. The inoculum culture was shaken and illuminated continuously for three days at 21 ± 2 °C. The test and control cultures were inoculated from log phase inoculum culture. The test and control cultures were shaken and illuminated continuously for three days at
21 ± 2 °C.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: no.
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): yes.
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: no. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 21 ± 2 °C
- pH:
- 7.8 ± 0.5
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0.2; 0.5; 0.9; 1.8; 3.7; 7.4; 14.7 and 29.4 mg/l (nominal).
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: conical glass flasks
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed, rubber plugs with a filter for ensuring the proper air exchange.
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, 150 ml, yes, 75 ml.
- Aeration: yes
- Initial cells density: 5001 cell/ml
- Control end cells density: 2 055 556 cell/ml
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3.
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6.
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Deionised water was used for preparing the media. The media was sterilized by filtration.
- Culture medium different from test medium: no.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no.
- Photoperiod: continuous illumination.
- Light intensity and quality: 2880 – 3230 lux.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: [counting chamber] At 24, 48 and 72 hours after the beginning of the test, the algal cell concentrations were determined by microscopically counting with a Bürker chamber. Microscopic observation of the algal cells was performed to detect any abnormal appearance in the algae.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2
- Range finding study: The range of concentrations of the test item for the test was determined previously in a range-finding test (results not specified). - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.81 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC20
- Effect conc.:
- 0.57 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.47 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Remarks on result:
- not determinable because of methodological limitations
- Details on results:
- The evaluation of toxic effect was based on the nominal concentrations, which were modified by a correction factor for the active content (1.086). The NOEC and LOEC were determined with Fisher’s exact binominal test with Bonferroni correction. The results were inconclusive.
- Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes.
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): no.
- Unusual cell shape: no.
- Colour differences: no.
- Flocculation: no.
- Adherence to test vessels: no.
- Aggregation of algal cells: no.
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: no.
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no.
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The values of EC50 was determined by the ToxRat® statistic software.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See 'overall remarks, attachments'.
- Conclusions:
- The 72h EC50 value of the test item on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata is 0.81 mg/l.
- Executive summary:
A short-term toxicity test on aquatic algae was performed on the test item, according to OECD TG 201 / EU Method C.3, under GLP conditions. In accordance to a range-finding preliminary study, the nominal concentrations of test item used in the main experiment were: 0.2; 0.5; 0.9; 1.8; 3.7; 7.4; 14.7 and 29.4 mg/l (nominal). Three replicates were exposed to each of the test item concentrations, and six replicates were exposed to the control medium, for 72 hours under static conditions. No analytical monitoring was performed. The validity criteria were fulfilled. Based on the results obtained, the72h-EC50 value of the test item on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata is 0.81 mg/L, and the 72h-EC10 value is 0.47 mg/L (based on growth rate). No NOEC value was obtained.
Reference
Table 2. Determination of algae biomass.
Dilution level |
Test item (mg/l) |
Test vessel No. |
0 h |
24 h |
48 h |
72 h |
1 |
29.4 |
1 |
5001 |
7813 |
10417 |
0 |
11 |
5001 |
0 |
5208 |
2604 |
||
21 |
5001 |
5208 |
0 |
5208 |
||
2 |
14.7 |
2 |
5001 |
0 |
13021 |
0 |
12 |
5001 |
7813 |
0 |
2604 |
||
22 |
5001 |
5208 |
2604 |
0 |
||
3 |
7.4 |
3 |
5001 |
15625 |
7813 |
5208 |
13 |
5001 |
7813 |
0 |
0 |
||
23 |
5001 |
15625 |
0 |
2604 |
||
4 |
3.7 |
4 |
5001 |
23438 |
20833 |
5208 |
14 |
5001 |
10417 |
20833 |
18229 |
||
24 |
5001 |
10417 |
5208 |
20833 |
||
5 |
1.8 |
5 |
5001 |
23438 |
15625 |
13021 |
15 |
5001 |
20833 |
23438 |
23438 |
||
25 |
5001 |
13021 |
13021 |
44271 |
||
6 |
0.9 |
6 |
5001 |
23438 |
96354 |
597222 |
16 |
5001 |
36458 |
130208 |
583333 |
||
26 |
5001 |
44271 |
119792 |
444444 |
||
7 |
0.5 |
7 |
5001 |
23438 |
125000 |
597222 |
17 |
5001 |
23438 |
138021 |
666667 |
||
27 |
5001 |
36458 |
122396 |
260417 |
||
8 |
0.2 |
8 |
5001 |
39063 |
145833 |
527778 |
18 |
5001 |
26042 |
106771 |
486111 |
||
28 |
5001 |
18229 |
70313 |
278646 |
||
Control |
0 |
9 |
5001 |
28646 |
184896 |
750000 |
10 |
5001 |
28646 |
145833 |
791667 |
||
19 |
5001 |
31250 |
158854 |
819444 |
||
20 |
5001 |
28646 |
161458 |
513889 |
||
29 |
5001 |
26042 |
148438 |
527778 |
||
30 |
5001 |
26042 |
156250 |
791667 |
Table 3. Measurements of pH.
Dilution level |
Test item (mg/l) |
Test vessel No. |
pH at start of the test |
pH at end of the test |
1 |
29.4 |
1 |
7.88 |
7.45 |
11 |
|
7.93 |
||
21 |
|
7.90 |
||
2 |
14.7 |
2 |
|
7.81 |
12 |
|
7.80 |
||
22 |
|
7.88 |
||
3 |
7.4 |
3 |
|
7.76 |
13 |
|
7.82 |
||
23 |
|
7.88 |
||
4 |
3.7 |
4 |
|
7.80 |
14 |
|
7.84 |
||
24 |
|
8.88 |
||
5 |
1.8 |
5 |
|
7.87 |
15 |
|
8.82 |
||
25 |
|
7.85 |
||
6 |
0.9 |
6 |
|
9.06 |
16 |
|
9.17 |
||
26 |
|
8.70 |
||
7 |
0.5 |
7 |
|
9.02 |
17 |
|
9.36 |
||
27 |
|
8.68 |
||
8 |
0.2 |
8 |
|
8.31 |
18 |
|
9.33 |
||
28 |
|
8.03 |
||
Control |
0 |
9 |
|
10.01 |
10 |
|
9.47 |
||
19 |
|
10.01 |
||
20 |
|
7.89 |
||
29 |
|
8.87 |
||
30 |
|
9.26 |
Description of key information
Key study. Method according to OECD TG 201 / EU Method C.3, GLP study. Based on the results obtained, the 72h-EC50 value of the test item on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata is 0.81 mg/L, and the 72h-EC10 value is 0.47 mg/L (based on growth rate). Also, according to a calculation by ECOSAR v1.11 model, the 96-h LC50 of the test item on algae is 0.255 mg/l (ECOSAR v1.1, class: imidazoles).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 0.81 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:
- 0.47 mg/L
Additional information
A short-term toxicity test on aquatic algae was performed on the test item, according to OECD TG 201 / EU Method C.3, under GLP conditions. In accordance to a range-finding preliminary study, the nominal concentrations of test item used in the main experiment were: 0.2; 0.5; 0.9; 1.8; 3.7; 7.4; 14.7 and 29.4 mg/l (nominal). Three replicates were exposed to each of the test item concentrations, and six replicates were exposed to the control medium,for 72 hours under static conditions.No analytical monitoring was performed. The validity criteria were fulfilled. Based on the results obtained, the72h-EC50 value of the test item on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata is 0.81 mg/L,
A short-term toxicity test on aquatic algae was performed on the test item, according to OECD TG 201 / EU Method C.3, under GLP conditions. In accordance to a range-finding preliminary study, the nominal concentrations of test item used in the main experiment were:0.2; 0.5; 0.9; 1.8; 3.7; 7.4; 14.7 and 29.4 mg/l (nominal). Three replicates were exposed to each of the test item concentrations, and six replicates were exposed to the control medium,for 72 hours under static conditions.No analytical monitoring was performed. The validity criteria were fulfilled. Based on the results obtained, the72h EC50 value of the test item on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata is 0.81 mg/L, and the 72h-EC10 value is 0.47 mg/L (based on growth rate). No NOEC value was obtained. Furthermore, according to a calculation by ECOSAR v1.11 model, the96-h LC50 of the test item on algae is 0.255 mg/l (ECOSAR v1.1, class: imidazoles).
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