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EC number: 267-008-6 | CAS number: 67762-27-0 This substance is identified by SDA Substance Name: C16-C18 alkyl alcohol and SDA Reporting Number: 19-060-00.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
- Justification for type of information:
- QSAR prediction: Q)SAR method with established scientific validity
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- BCFBAF v3.01 in EPI Suite (v4.1)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- not applicable
- Radiolabelling:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- other: QSAR model
- Route of exposure:
- other: QSAR model
- Test type:
- other: QSAR model
- Water / sediment media type:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- freshwater
- Hardness:
- QSAR model
- Test temperature:
- QSAR model
- pH:
- QSAR model
- Dissolved oxygen:
- QSAR model
- TOC:
- QSAR model
- Salinity:
- QSAR model
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- QSAR model
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not required
- Type:
- BCF
- Value:
- 544.4 L/kg
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Remarks on result:
- other: regression based method
- Type:
- BAF
- Value:
- 1 920 L/kg
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Arnot-Gobas (upper trophic)
- Details on results:
- --------------------------------- BCFBAF v3.01 --------------------------------
Summary Results:
Log BCF (regression-based estimate): 2.74 (BCF = 544 L/kg wet-wt)
Biotransformation Half-Life (days) : 3.1 (normalized to 10 g fish)
Log BAF (Arnot-Gobas upper trophic): 3.28 (BAF = 1.92e+003 L/kg wet-wt)
Log Kow (experimental): not available from database
Log Kow used by BCF estimates: 6.73
Equation Used to Make BCF estimate:
Log BCF = 0.6598 log Kow - 0.333 + Correction
Correction(s): Value
Alkyl chains (8+ -CH2- groups) -1.374
Estimated Log BCF = 2.736 (BCF = 544.4 L/kg wet-wt) - Reported statistics:
- Log BCF (regression-based estimate): 2.74 (BCF = 544 L/kg wet-wt)
Biotransformation Half-Life (days) : 3.1 (normalized to 10 g fish)
Log BAF (Arnot-Gobas upper trophic): 3.28 (BAF = 1.92e+003 L/kg wet-wt) - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- QSAR estimation using the BCFBAF v3.01 of the EPISUITE 4.1 indicate that the BCF of Alcohols, C16-18 is 544.4 L/kg wet-wt. This is well below the threshold for Bioaccumulation (B) for the PBT determination.
- Executive summary:
Bioconcentration/bioaccumulation was estimated using QSAR estimation software (EPISUITE v4.1 BCFBAF v3.01), in accordance with REACH Annex XI. The estimated log BCF is 2.74 (BCF = 544.4 L/kg wet-wt) using the regression-based method. The estimated log BAF is 3.28 (BAF = 1920 L/kg wet-wt) using the Arnot-Gobas upper trophic method.
- Endpoint:
- bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish
- Data waiving:
- other justification
- Justification for data waiving:
- other:
- Endpoint:
- bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish
- Type of information:
- other: published data
- Adequacy of study:
- disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Not valid due to use of total radioactivity, estimation of exposure concentrations, no attempt to determine if steady state conditions were achieved.
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Method other:Tests were performed with Hexadecanol/DMSO, Hexadecanol/DMSO/Tween 85, Hexadecanol/Tween 85 and Hexadecanol/Tween 80 but results are only reported for Hexadecanol/DMSO since mortality of control and test animals was unacceptable in the other tests.
Hexadecanol was weighed out and dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide to produce 1, 3, 10, 30 and 100 mg/l solutions.
Radiolabelled Hexadecanol (12.5 mCi/mmol, 9-14C) was dissolved in acetone. Labelled Hexadecanol was added to glass vials and the acetone evaporated. 'Cold' Hexadecanol was then added. Five litres of test solution were prepared for each test concentration.
500 ul of each stock solution was sonicated into 500 ml of carbon-filtered Wirral tap water (test medium). This was diluted to 5 litres with more carbon-filtered Wirral tap water to produce the final concentrations. Ten fish were exposed at each of the 5 concentrations. Test solutions were renewed daily. - GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Route of exposure:
- aqueous
- Test type:
- static
- Water / sediment media type:
- natural water: freshwater
- Total exposure / uptake duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- Total Hardness (as CaCO3 mg/l) = 84-95
- Test temperature:
- Test temperature = 18.5-20.5 C
- pH:
- pH = 7.1-7.7
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l) = 6.5-7.8
- Details on test conditions:
- Hexadecanol was weighed out and dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide to produce 1, 3, 10, 30 and 100 mg/l solutions.
Radiolabelled Hexadecanol (12.5 mCi/mmol, 9-14C) was dissolved in acetone. Labelled Hexadecanol was added to glass vials and the acetone evaporated. 'Cold' Hexadecanol was then added. Five litres of test solution were prepared for each test concentration.
500 ul of each stock solution was sonicated into 500 ml of carbon-filtered Wirral tap water (test medium). This was diluted to 5 litres with more carbon-filtered Wirral tap water to produce the final concentrations. Ten fish were exposed at each of the 5 concentrations. Test solutions were renewed daily. - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1, 3, 10, 30 and 100 mg/l solutions.
- Type:
- BCF
- Value:
- >= 507 - <= 1 550 L/kg
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- BCF's based on estimated soluble concentrations are reasonably similar all falling in the range 500-1000.
Referenceopen allclose all
Log BCF (regression-based estimate): 2.74 (BCF = 544 L/kg wet-wt)
Biotransformation Half-Life (days) : 3.1 (normalized to 10 g fish)
Log BAF (Arnot-Gobas upper trophic): 3.28 (BAF = 1.92e+003 L/kg wet-wt)
Description of key information
QSAR estimation using the BCFBAF v3.01 of the EPISUITE 4.1 indicate that the BCF of Alcohols, C16-18 is 544.4 L/kg wet-wt. This is well below the threshold for Bioaccumulation (B) for the PBT determination.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- BCF (aquatic species):
- 544.4 L/kg ww
Additional information
QSAR estimation using the BCFBAF v3.01 of the EPISUITE 4.1 indicate that the BCF of Alcohols, C16-18 is 544.4 L/kg wet-wt. This is well below the threshold for Bioaccumulation (B) for the PBT determination.
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