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EC number: 202-905-8 | CAS number: 100-97-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1976
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Non GLP Report, no analytical concentration confirmation
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: U.S. EPA, 1975: Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates and Amphibians (EPA-660/3-75-00 p. 61)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material:
unlimited soluble in water. - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- no sampling
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Individual treatment levels were prepared by weighing out separate amounts of the test material and introducing them directly into the test vessels, thoroughly mixing the toxicant and dilution water.
- Test organisms (species):
- Lepomis macrochirus
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Bluegill sunfish
- Strain: Rafinesque
- Source: Nebraska
- Age at study initiation: about 4 months
- Length at study initiation: 28 mm
- Weight at study initiation: 0.48 g - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- no post exposure period
- Hardness:
- 43 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 22.0 +/- 1.0 °C
- pH:
- 7.62
- Dissolved oxygen:
- control: 7-11 mg/L O2
- Salinity:
- conductivity: 164 µmhos/cm
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 0; 10; 18; 32; 56; 100 g/L
- Details on test conditions:
- The test vessels were 5 gallon glass jars containing 15 liters of water. Ten organisms were exposed to each treatment. The loading was 0.32 g/L.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 41 g/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 32-53 g/L
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 18 g/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- Behavioral observations made during the test indicated that bluegill sunfish exposed to concentrations of methenamine greater than 18 g/L became lethargic and showed signs of labored respiration.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- no reference substance used.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The LD50 and their accompanying slope values with 95 % confidence intervals were determined by the Litchfield-Wilcoxin method (1949).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The LD50 of methenamine in bluegill sunfish was determined to be 41 g/L.
- Executive summary:
In a 96-h acute toxicity study, Bluegill Sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) were exposed to methenamine at nominal concentrations of 0; 10; 18; 32; 56; 100 g/L under static conditions. The 96-h LC50 was 41 mg/L. Sublethal effects of labored respiration were observed in the groups exposed over 18 mg/L of methenamine. This toxicity study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirement for acute toxicity to fish study.
Results Synopsis
Test organism size/age: 28 mm / 4 months
Test Type: Static
LC50: 41 g/L (95% C.I.: 32 to 53 g/L)
NOEC: 18 g/L
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: non GLP, no guideline, no analytic concentration confirmation
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- not indicated
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- not indicated
- Test organisms (species):
- Cyprinodon variegatus
- Details on test organisms:
- Collected from Galveston Bay
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- saltwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- not indicated
- Hardness:
- 174 mg/l as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- not indicated
- pH:
- pH 7.7
- Dissolved oxygen:
- not indicated
- Salinity:
- 20.5 ‰
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: 30 and 60 g methenamine/L
- Details on test conditions:
- 5 fish per concentration.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 49 g/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 35.9 - 66.9 g/L
- Details on results:
- not indicated
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- not indicated
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Probit Analysis
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- LC50 (cyprinodon variegatus) = 49 g/L
- Executive summary:
Walton and Davis examined the impact of 30 and 60 g methenamine/l on Cyprinodon variegatus. The static test was conducted in brackish water (salinity 20.5 ‰, pH 7.7, alkalinity 174 mg/l as CaCO3). A (nominal) 96 h LC50 of 49 g/l was reported.
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
The LC50 of methenamine in bluegill sunfish (freshwater) was determined to be 41 g/L. The LC50 of methenamine in cyprinodon variegatus(saltwater) was determined to be 49 g/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect concentration:
- 41 000 mg/L
Marine water fish
Marine water fish
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect concentration:
- 49 000 mg/L
Additional information
Key studies:
- In a 96-h acute toxicity study (Kuc, 1980), Bluegill Sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus, Freshwater) were exposed to methenamine at nominal concentrations of 0; 10; 18; 32; 56; 100 g/L under static conditions. The 96-h LC50 was 41 mg/L. Sublethal effects of labored respiration were observed in the groups exposed over 18 mg/L of methenamine. This toxicity study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirement for acute toxicity to fish study.
- Walton and Davis (1980) examined the impact of 30 and 60 g methenamine/l on Cyprinodon variegatus (saltwater). The static test was conducted in brackish water (salinity 20.5 ‰, pH 7.7, alkalinity 174 mg/l as CaCO3). A (nominal) 96 h LC50 of 49 g/l was reported.
Supporting studies:
- In a 96-h acute toxicity study (Linden, 1979), bleak (Alburnus alburnus) were exposed to methenamine at nominal concentrations (6 doses and one control were used) under static conditions. The 96-h LC50 was > 10000 mg /L. This toxicity study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirement for acute toxicity to fish studies.
- In a 24-h acute toxicity study (Mac Phec, 1969), Northern squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis), Chinnok salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were exposed to methenamine at a nominal concentrations of 10 ppm under static conditions. The 24-h LC50 for all 3 species tested was > 10 ppm. No mortality and no signs of lost equilibrium occurred for all 3 species tested in this 24 h assay.
This toxicity study is classified as acceptable as supporting study.
- A flow-through test with juveniles of Pimephales promelas (aged 33 d) was carried out in lake water (pH 7.8, hardness 44.9 mg/l as CaCO3). The LC50 (96 h) based on measured concentrations was 49.8 g/l (Geiger et al. 1988).
Based on the available data, no toxicity towords several fresh and saltwater fish species even at concentrations > 10000 mg/L, which by far exceeded the recommended limit concentration of OECD guidelines (100 mg/L) clearly indicate, that methenamine is not toxic at all towords saltwater or freshwater fish.
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