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EC number: 600-736-8 | CAS number: 106276-80-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
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- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
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- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
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- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
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- Endpoint summary
- Stability
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- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
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- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
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- Carcinogenicity
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- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
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- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Apr - May 2012
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 012
- Report date:
- 2012
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Version / remarks:
- 21 Jul 1997
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- GYEMSZI National Institue of Pharmacy
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 3,3'-(1,4-phenylenediimino)bis[4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-1H-isoindol-1-one]
- EC Number:
- 226-999-5
- EC Name:
- 3,3'-(1,4-phenylenediimino)bis[4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-1H-isoindol-1-one]
- Cas Number:
- 5590-18-1
- Molecular formula:
- C22H6Cl8N4O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 3,3'-(1,4-phenylenediimino)bis(4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-1H-isoindol-1-one)
- Reference substance name:
- mono/bis-methoxy derivatives
- Molecular formula:
- C22-24H6-12Cl6-8N4O2-4
- IUPAC Name:
- mono/bis-methoxy derivatives
- Test material form:
- solid: bulk
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- In the study report the old CAS number of the test substance is given.
- Lot/batch No.of test material: D1003111P2
- Appearance: yellow powder
- Expiry date: 30 July 2021
STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature
TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING
- Treatment of test material prior to testing: Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as vehicle to prepare the test item suspensions. The test item suspensions were freshly prepared at the beginning of the experiments.
FORM AS APPLIED IN THE TEST (if different from that of starting material): suspension
Method
- Target gene:
- his, trp
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- S9 mix (supplemented with cofactors) derived from phenobarbital (i.p.) and β-naphthoflavone (orally) induced rat liver
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- Based on the results of the preliminary tests, the test item was suspended in DMSO in nominal concentrations of 50, 25, 10, 3.16, 1, 0.32 and 0.1 mg/mL to obtain seven dosing solutions (suspensions) for the test item doses. The maximum test concentration was 5000 µg test item/plate (with and without S9 mix).
Test Item concentrations tested: 5000, 2500, 1000, 316, 100, 31.6 and 10 µg/plate. - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: DMSO
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as vehicle to prepare the test item suspensions. All dilutions of test item were made in the testing laboratory using DMSO vehicle.
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 9-aminoacridine
- sodium azide
- methylmethanesulfonate
- other: 2-aminoanthracene (with S9 mix, 2 μg/plate, dissolved in DMSO, TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537; and 50 µg/plate, dissolved in DMSO, E.coli WP2 uvrA); 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (without S9 mix, 4 μg/plate, dissolved in DMSO, TA 98)
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation); preincubation
DURATION
- Preincubation period: 20 min
- Exposure duration: about 48 hours
The tests (Initial and Confirmatory Mutation Tests) are considered to be valid if:
- All of the Salmonella tester strains demonstrate the presence of the deep rough mutation (rfa) and the deletion in the uvrB gene.
- The Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and TA 100 tester strains demonstrate the presence of the pKM101 plasmid R-factor.
- The Escherichia WP2 uvrA culture demonstrate the deletion in the uvrA gene.
- The bacterial cultues demonstrate the characteristic mean number of spontaneous revertants in the vehicle controls.
- The tester strain culture titers is in the 10^9 cells/mL order.
- The batch of S9 used in this study shows the appropriate biological activity.
- The reference mutagens show the expected increase (at least a 3.0-fold increase) in induced revertant colonies over the mean value of the respective vehicle control.
- There are at least five analyzable concentrations (at each tester strain) (a minimum of three non-toxic dose levels is required to evaluate assay data).
[A dose level is considered toxic if the reduced revertant colony numbers are observed as compared to the mean vehicle control value and the reduction shows a dose-dependent relationship, and / or the reduced revertant colony numbers are below the historical control data range and / or pinpoint colonies appear and / or reduced background lawn development occurs.] - Evaluation criteria:
- The colony numbers on the control, positive control and the test plates were determined (counted manually), the mean values and appropriate standard deviations and mutation rates were calculated.
Mutation Rate = (Mean revertants at the test item (or control) treatments / Mean revertants of vehicle control)
A test item is considered mutagenic if:
- a dose-related increase in the number of revertants occurs and / or;
- a reproducible biologically relevant positive response for at least one of the dose groups occurs in at least one strain with or without metabolic activation.
An increase is considered biologically relevant if:
- in strain Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 the number of reversions is at least twice as high as the reversion rate of the vehicle control
- in strain TA98, TA 1535, TA 1537 and Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA the number of reversions is at least three times higher than the reversion rate of the vehicle control.
According to the guidelines, the biological relevance of the results is the criterion for the interpretation of results, a statistical evaluation of the results is not regarded as necessary.
Criteria for a Negative Response:
A test item is considered non-mutagenic if it produces neither a dose-related increase in the number of revertants nor a reproducible biologically relevant positive response at any of the dose groups, with or without metabolic activation.
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations
- Remarks:
- precipitation at 5000 µg/plate
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- True negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations
- Remarks:
- precipitation at 5000 µg/plate
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- True negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations
- Remarks:
- precipitation at 5000 µg/plate
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- True negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations
- Remarks:
- precipitation at 5000 µg/plate
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- True negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations
- Remarks:
- precipitation at 5000 µg/plate
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- True negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Summary Table of the Results of the Range Finding Test
Concentrations [µg/plate] | Salmonella typhimurium tester strains | |||||||
TA 98 | TA 100 | |||||||
-S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | |||||
Mean values of revertants per plate and Mutation rate (MR) | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR |
Untreated control | 27.7 | 1.22 | 32.0 | 0.98 | 76.3 | 1.05 | 98.0 | 1.09 |
DMSO control | 22.7 | 1.00 | 32.7 | 1.00 | 72.7 | 1.00 | 90.0 | 1.00 |
Ultrapure water control | - | - | - | - | 79.3 | 1.00 | - | - |
5000 | 32.7 | 1.44 | 42.0 | 1.29 | 78.7 | 1.08 | 83.0 | 0.92 |
4000 | 35.0 | 1.54 | 40.7 | 1.24 | 75.7 | 1.04 | 78.7 | 0.87 |
2500 | 21.0 | 0.93 | 32.0 | 0.98 | 83.3 | 1.15 | 78.3 | 0.87 |
1250 | 19.7 | 0.87 | 32.3 | 0.99 | 79.0 | 1.09 | 83.0 | 0.92 |
625 | 23.7 | 1.04 | 39.3 | 1.20 | 79.0 | 1.09 | 85.7 | 0.95 |
125 | 25.7 | 1.13 | 27.3 | 0.84 | 78.7 | 1.08 | 89.7 | 1.00 |
25 | 28.3 | 1.25 | 34.0 | 1.04 | 80.0 | 1.10 | 81.0 | 0.90 |
5 | 27.7 | 1.22 | 27.0 | 0.83 | 80.3 | 1.11 | 82.0 | 0.91 |
NPD (4 µg) | 191.3 | 8.44 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
SAZ (2 µg) | - | - | - | - | 805.3 | 10.15 | - | - |
2AA (2 µg) | - | - | 1093.3 | 33.47 | - | - | 1197.7 | 13.31 |
Table 2: Summary table of the results of the initial mutation test
Concentrations [µg/plate] | Salmonella typhimurium tester strains | Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA | ||||||||||||||||||
TA 98 | TA 100 | TA 1535 | TA 1537 | |||||||||||||||||
-S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | |||||||||||
Mean values of revertants per plate Mutation rate (MR) | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR |
Untreated control | 34.7 | 1.14 | 35.0 | 1.19 | 85.0 | 1.21 | 72.3 | 0.95 | 9.0 | 1.35 | 9.3 | 1.22 | 6.7 | 0.91 | 9.3 | 1.22 | 16.7 | 1.04 | 30.3 | 1.21 |
DMSO control | 30.3 | 1.00 | 29.3 | 1.00 | 70.0 | 1.00 | 76.3 | 1.00 | 6.7 | 1.00 | 7.7 | 1.00 | 7.3 | 1.00 | 7.7 | 1.00 | 16.0 | 1.00 | 25.0 | 1.00 |
Ultrapure water control | - | - | - | - | 78.0 | 1.00 | - | - | 6.0 | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 19.0 | 1.00 | - | - |
5000 | 26.7 | 0.88 | 50.7 | 1.73 | 63.0 | 0.90 | 78.0 | 1.02 | 7.0 | 1.05 | 6.7 | 0.87 | 5.0 | 0.68 | 5.7 | 0.74 | 13.7 | 0.85 | 16.7 | 0.67 |
2500 | 25.7 | 0.85 | 45.0 | 1.53 | 84.7 | 1.21 | 85.0 | 1.11 | 6.7 | 1.00 | 9.3 | 1.22 | 8.0 | 1.09 | 7.3 | 0.96 | 11.7 | 0.73 | 16.0 | 0.64 |
1000 | 18.7 | 0.62 | 34.0 | 1.16 | 84.7 | 1.21 | 84.3 | 1.10 | 6.0 | 0.90 | 13.7 | 1.78 | 6.3 | 0.86 | 7.7 | 1.00 | 13.0 | 0.81 | 21.3 | 0.85 |
316 | 30.0 | 0.99 | 35.7 | 1.22 | 76.3 | 1.09 | 81.7 | 1.07 | 4.7 | 0.70 | 7.3 | 0.96 | 9.0 | 1.23 | 6.0 | 0.78 | 20.7 | 1.29 | 22.7 | 0.91 |
100 | 36.7 | 1.21 | 36.0 | 1.23 | 66.7 | 0.95 | 91.3 | 1.20 | 8.3 | 1.25 | 8.0 | 1.04 | 8.3 | 1.14 | 7.3 | 0.96 | 13.7 | 0.85 | 18.3 | 0.73 |
31.6 | 30.3 | 1.00 | 39.0 | 1.33 | 78.0 | 1.11 | 89.3 | 1.17 | 6.3 | 0.95 | 7.7 | 1.00 | 6.0 | 0.82 | 8.7 | 1.13 | 17.7 | 1.10 | 24.7 | 0.99 |
10 | 27.7 | 0.91 | 40.3 | 1.38 | 75.7 | 1.08 | 80.0 | 1.05 | 7.3 | 1.10 | 8.3 | 1.09 | 5.7 | 0.77 | 7.3 | 0.96 | 13.0 | 0.81 | 20.0 | 0.80 |
NPD (4 µg) | 166.3 | 5.48 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
SAZ (2 µg) | - | - | - | - | 889.3 | 11.40 | - | - | 920.0 | 153.33 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
9 AA (50 µg) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 333.3 | 45.45 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
MMS (2 µL) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 652.7 | 34.35 | - | - |
2 AA (2 µg) | - | - | 910.7 | 31.05 | - | - | 1480.3 | 19.39 | - | - | 116.0 | 15.13 | - | - | 137.3 | 17.91 | - | - | - | - |
2 AA (50 µg) | - | - | - | - |
|
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 288.3 | 11.53 |
Table 3: Summary table of the results of the confirmatory mutation test
Concentrations [µg/plate] | Salmonella typhimurium tester strains | Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA | ||||||||||||||||||
TA 98 | TA 100 | TA 1535 | TA 1537 | |||||||||||||||||
-S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | |||||||||||
Mean values of revertants per plate Mutation rate (MR) | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR | Mean | MR |
Untreated control | 25.7 | 1.12 | 40.3 | 1.14 | 91.0 | 1.19 | 99.0 | 1.02 | 11.7 | 1.67 | 15.0 | 1.36 | 4.7 | 1.08 | 7.3 | 0.92 | 17.3 | 0.75 | 29.3 | 0.87 |
DMSO control | 23.0 | 1.00 | 35.3 | 1.00 | 76.3 | 1.00 | 96.7 | 1.00 | 7.0 | 1.00 | 11.0 | 1.00 | 4.3 | 1.00 | 8.0 | 1.00 | 23.0 | 1.00 | 33.7 | 1.00 |
Ultrapure water control | - | - | - | - | 83.7 | 1.00 | - | - | 8.7 | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.7 | 1.00 | - | - |
5000 | 18.0 | 0.78 | 42.3 | 1.20 | 68.7 | 0.90 | 95.3 | 0.99 | 7.7 | 1.10 | 9.7 | 0.88 | 5.7 | 1.31 | 7.7 | 0.96 | 13.3 | 0.58 | 29.7 | 0.88 |
2500 | 12.7 | 0.55 | 35.3 | 1.00 | 66.7 | 0.87 | 98.7 | 1.02 | 6.0 | 0.86 | 9.0 | 0.82 | 6.7 | 1.54 | 5.0 | 0.63 | 21.3 | 0.93 | 29.7 | 0.88 |
1000 | 20.0 | 0.87 | 35.3 | 1.00 | 71.3 | 0.93 | 88.3 | 0.91 | 8.0 | 1.14 | 10.7 | 0.97 | 5.7 | 1.31 | 5.3 | 0.67 | 16.3 | 0.71 | 29.0 | 0.86 |
316 | 32.3 | 1.41 | 33.0 | 0.93 | 77.0 | 1.01 | 91.3 | 0.94 | 7.3 | 1.05 | 10.0 | 0.91 | 4.7 | 1.08 | 9.0 | 1.13 | 20.7 | 0.90 | 31.0 | 0.92 |
100 | 30.7 | 1.33 | 28.0 | 0.79 | 66.7 | 0.87 | 75.7 | 0.78 | 9.0 | 1.29 | 10.3 | 0.94 | 4.7 | 1.08 | 6.0 | 0.75 | 16.7 | 0.72 | 27.3 | 0.81 |
31.6 | 29.3 | 1.28 | 35.0 | 0.99 | 60.7 | 0.79 | 85.0 | 0.88 | 6.0 | 0.86 | 11.0 | 1.00 | 4.7 | 1.08 | 8.3 | 1.04 | 17.3 | 0.75 | 35.3 | 1.05 |
10 | 21.0 | 0.91 | 33.7 | 0.95 | 61.7 | 0.81 | 78.3 | 0.81 | 7.3 | 1.05 | 9.3 | 0.85 | 4.7 | 1.08 | 7.3 | 0.92 | 16.0 | 0.70 | 28.3 | 0.84 |
NPD (4 µg) | 193.3 | 8.41 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
SAZ (2 µg) | - | - | - | - | 1169.3 | 13.98 | - | - | 730.0 | 84.23 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
9 AA (50 µg) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 525.0 | 121.15 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
MMS (2 µL) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 645.3 | 29.78 | - | - |
2 AA (2 µg) | - | - | 913.3 | 25.85 | - | - | 828.3 | 8.57 | - | - | 121.3 | 11.03 | - | - | 173.7 | 21.71 | - | - | - | - |
2 AA (50 µg) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 202.0 | 6.00 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The reported data of this mutagenicity assay show that under the experimental conditions applied, the test item did not induce gene mutations by base pair changes or frameshifts in the genome of the strains used.
In conclusion, the test item has no mutagenic activity on the applied bacterium tester strains under the test conditions used in this study. - Executive summary:
The test item was tested with regard to a potential mutagenic activity using the Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay.
The experiments were carried out using histidine-requiring auxotroph strains of Salmonella typhimurium (Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537), and the tryptophan-requiring auxotroph strain of Escherichia coli (Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA) in the presence and absence of a post mitochondrial supernatant (S9) prepared from livers of phenobarbital / ß-naphthoflavone-induced rats.
The study included a Preliminary Solubility Test, a Preliminary Range Finding Test (Informatory Toxicity Test), an Initial Mutation Test (Plate Incorporation Test), and a Confirmatory Mutation Test (Pre-Incubation Test).
Based on the results of the preliminary Range Finding Test the following concentrations of the test item were prepared and used in the Initial and Confirmatory Mutation Tests: 5000; 2500; 1000; 316; 100; 31.6 and 10 µg/plate.
In the performed preliminary experiments no cytotoxicity of the test item was observed. At the concentration choice the guideline criterion for non-cytotoxic substances was taken into consideration where the recommended maximum test concentration is 5000 µg/plate. The test item was not soluble, and precipitated at the concentration range of 5000 - 1000 µg/plate. The obtained precipitate interfered the scoring, therefore the necessity of an additional microscopic analysis of the plates was considered.
In the Initial and Confirmatory Mutation Tests the test item concentrations, including the controls (untreated, vehicle and positive reference) were tested in triplicate.
The revertant colony numbers of vehicle control plates with and without S9 Mix were within the corresponding historical control data ranges. The reference mutagen treatments (positive controls) showed the expected, biological relevant increases in induced revertant colonies in all experimental phases, in all tester strains.
No biologically relevant increases were observed in revertant colony numbers of any of the five test strains following treatment with the test item at any concentration level, either in the presence or absence of metabolic activation (S9 Mix) in the performed experiments.
The reported data of this mutagenicity assay show that under the experimental conditions applied, the test item did not induce gene mutations by base pair changes or frameshifts in the genome of the strains used.
In conclusion, the test item has no mutagenic activity on the applied bacterium tester strains under the test conditions used in this study.
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