Sodium 2-[[2-amino-8-hydroxy-6-[(methylanilino)sulphonyl]-1-naphthyl]azo]-5-(chloroacetamido)benzenesulphonate

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: screening test, other

Remarks:

BOD5

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

15 November 1995 to 27 December 1995

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.5 (Degradation: Biochemical Oxygen Demand)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

Guideline: Aerate over night after addition of the inoculum

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch number of test material:
1.56
- Expiration date of the lot/batch:
June 2000

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: 8 °C (light protected)
- Solubility aof the test substance in the solvent/dispersant/vehicle/test medium: > 1 g/l [in water]

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

sewage, domestic (adaptation not specified)

Details on inoculum:

- Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): Seeding water of a communal sewage treatment plant Pro Rheno Basel collected on November 14, 1995
- Concentration of sludge: 6 to 800 mg/l.

Duration of test (contact time):

5 d

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Details on study design:

TEST CONDITIONS
- Test temperature: 20 ± 1 °C
- pH: 6.5

Reference substance:

other: D(+) - Glucose (Merck Nr. 8337) / L-Glutamic acid (Merck Nr. 291)

Preliminary study:

None

Test performance:

None

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Parameter:

BOD5

Value:

59 mg O2/g test mat.

Results with reference substance:

The BOD5 of Glucose/Glutamic acid solution is 192 mg O2/l

Validity criteria fulfilled:

no

Interpretation of results:

other: BOD5 has been determined

Conclusions:

The BOD5 of FAT 20075/B corrected by the blank control is 59 mg O2/g.

Executive summary:

The study "Determination of the BOD₅" was conducted according to ISO 5815 Second Edition 1989-08-01 (E) corresponding to 92/69/EEC C.5. guideline and in accordance with GLP. The biochemical oxygen demand of FAT 20075/B is determined by measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration before and after 5 days incubation at 20 °C in different test concentrations diluted in water saturated with dissolved oxygen that contains a seed of microorganisms. The test organism was collected from a communal sewage treatment plant Pro Rheno Basel collected on November 14,1995. The test substance was tested in concentrations from about 6 to 800 mg/l. The reference substance is a mixture of 150 mg D(+)-Glucose and 150 mg L-Glutamic acid in 11 aqueous solution. This reference substance is tested in a concentration of 20 ml/l. The BOD₅ of FAT 20075/B is 59 mg O₂/g while of the reference substance is 192 mg O₂/g.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

08 November 1995 - 21 December 1995

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch number of test material: 1.56
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: June 2000

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: 8°C (light protected)
- Solubility of the test substance in the solvent/dispersant/vehicle/test medium: > 1 g/l [in water]

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, domestic (adaptation not specified)

Details on inoculum:

Activated sludge of a communal sewage treatment plant Ara Reinach collected on 7.11.95

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

150 mg/L

Based on:

DOC

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

DOC removal

Details on study design:

A mixture of a total test volume of 2 litres containing test substance, mineral medium and activated sludge was agitated and aerated at 20 - 25 °C in glass vessels for 28 days. A reference control containing activated sludge, mineral medium and reference substance was running in duplicate under the same test conditions. A blank control containing activated sludge and mineral medium but without test substance was running in parallel under the same test conditions. The biodegradation process was monitored by determination of DOC in centrifuged samples taken at certain intervals. The ratio of eliminated DOC, corrected for the blanc after each time interval, to the initial DOC value was expressed as the percentage biodegradation at the sampling time. The concentration of dissolved oxygen was checked at regular intervals to ensure that the oxygen did not fall below 1 mg/l. The pH was checked and adjusted to pH 6.5 - 8.0 if necessary.

Reference substance:

diethylene glycol

Test performance:

No data

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

47

Sampling time:

28 d

Details on results:

Test substance:
Adsorption: The adsorption of the test substance FAT 20075/B after 3 h was: 7 %
Biodegradation: The biodegradation of the test substance FAT 20075/B after 28 days was: 47 %

Total Elimination: (regarding the adsorption and the biodegradation)
The total elimination of the test substance FAT 20075/B after 28 days was 51 % (average of 2 tests running in parallel)

Results with reference substance:

The biodegradation, corrected by the blank control and measured as DOC (mg/l) is: 98 % 8th day (average of 2 tests running in parallel).

Adsorption: Difference between DOC-values of the start and after 3 hours.

Biodegradation: Difference between DOC-values of 3 hours and the end of the test.

Total Elimination: Difference between DOC-values of the start and the end of the test

Validity criteria fulfilled:

no

Interpretation of results:

not inherently biodegradable

Conclusions:

FAT 20075/B considered as non-biodegradable.

Executive summary:

The inherent biodegradability of FAT 20075/B was determined in a Zahn-Wellens / EMPA - Test according to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 302B, 1992. The test substance FAT 20075/B and the reference substance Diethylenglycol, respectively, were tested in concentrations of 150 mg/l DOC. The adsorption of the test substance FAT 20075/B after 3 hours was 7 %, the biodegradation of the test substance FAT 20075/B after 28 days was 47 % while the total elimination of the test substance FAT 20075/B after 28 days was 51 %. The biodegradation of the reference substance after 8 days was 98 %. The biodegradation of FAT 20075/B after 28 days was 47 % and is considered as non-biodegradable.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: screening tests

Remarks:

Chemical oxygen demand

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

29 November 1995 to 18 December 1995

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.6 (Degradation: Chemical Oxygen Demand)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch number of test material: 1.56
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: June 2000

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: 8 °C (light protected)
- Solubility of the test substance in the solvent/dispersant/vehicle/test medium: > 1 g/l [in water]

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

not specified

Duration of test (contact time):

2 h

Initial conc.:

2.5 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

test mat. analysis

Details on study design:

A predetermined amount of the test substance FAT 20075/B dissolved in water is oxidized by potassium dichromate in a strong sulphuric acid medium with silver sulphate as a catalyst under reflux for 2 hours. The residual dichromate is determined by titration with standardized ferrous ammonium sulphate.

Reference substance:

other: Potassium hydrogen phthalate

Preliminary study:

Not applicable

Test performance:

Not applicable

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Details on results:

Not applicable

Parameter:

COD

Value:

1 167 mg O2/g test mat.

Results with reference substance:

The COD of the reference substance is: 197 mg O2/g.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not applicable

Interpretation of results:

other: COD has been determined.

Conclusions:

The COD of FAT 20075/B is 1167 mg O2/g.

Executive summary:

The purpose of the study was to determine COD of the test substance according to DIN 38409 - H 41-1 (1980) corresponding to EEC Directive 92 /69 / C.6. (1992) and in accordance with GLP. A predetermined amount of the test substance FAT 20075/B dissolved in water is oxidized by potassium dichromate in a strong sulphuric acid medium with silver sulphate as a catalyst under reflux for 2 hours. The residual dichromate is determined by titration with standardized ferrous ammonium sulphate. The test substance was tested with a sample weight of 2.5 mg. The reference substance was Potassium hydrogen phthalate. It was tested with 20 ml of a 0.17 g/l solution. Based on study, the COD of FAT 20075/B is 1167 mg O2/g while of the reference substance is 197 mg O2/g.

Description of key information

Acid Red 252 is not biodegradable. In a key study the inherent biodegradability of FAT 20075/B was determined according to the OECD Guideline 302B. The adsorption of the test substance FAT 20075/B after 3 hours was 7 %; the biodegradation of the test substance FAT 20075/B after 28 days was 47 % while the total elimination of the test substance FAT 20075/B after 28 days was 51 %. The biodegradation of the reference substance after 8 days was: 98 %. In supporting studies, BOD5 is 59 mg O₂/g determined while COD is, 1167 mg O₂/g. Considering the COD value determined with the test substance which is 1167 mg O₂/g, the resulting BOD5/COD quotient is 0.05, indicating that the test substance is unlikely to be biodegradable.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

not biodegradable

Type of water:

freshwater

Additional information

By the nature of their design and use, textile dyes are not intended to be readily biodegradable as this would assist in the rapid destruction of the dyestuff, rendering it unfit for purpose. There are ISO, European, American (AATCC) and national standards for the colour fastness of dyes. Dyes are required to have specific fastness properties. If the dyes were biodegradable, it would not be possible for them to have these fastness properties. As such, it is accepted that such substances are not readily biodegradable under relevant environmental conditions. A published study (Pagga & Brown, 1986) describes the results of the testing of 87 dyestuffs in short-term aerobic biodegradation tests. The authors of this publication concluded that dyestuffs are very unlikely to show any significant biodegradation in such tests and that 'there seems little point in carrying out such test procedures’ on dyestuffs.