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EC number: 261-819-9 | CAS number: 59587-44-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
Experimental data for the target substance 2-ethylhexyl nonanoate
(CAS 59587-44-9) are not available. Therefore, the source substances
Fatty acids, C8-16, 2-ethylhexyl esters (CAS 135800-37-2), Isopropyl
myristate (110-27-0) and Octyl octanoate (CAS 2306-88-9) were selected
to cover the aquatic toxicity endpoints.
In accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, Annex XI, 1.5, grouping
and read-across, the target substance and all source substances are not
considered to be harmful to aquatic organisms based on the results from
short-term studies with fish, aquatic invertebrates and aquatic algae.
Moreover, long-term studies with aquatic invertebrates did not result in
any long-term effects on reproduction. The available short-term toxicity
studies (fish, Daphnia, algae) did not demonstrate any toxicity of the
analogue substances to aquatic organisms up to the limit of water
solubility.
Short-term toxicity to fish: The assessment of the acute toxicity
of the target substance 2-ethylhexanol nonanoate (CAS 59587-44-9) is
based on a read across the structurally most similar analogue source
substance Fatty acids, C8-16, 2-ethylhexyl esters (CAS 135800-37-2).
Mortality or symptoms of intoxication of fish were not observed and thus
a LC50 (96h) > 10000 mg/L based on the nominal substance concentration
was reported.
The assessment of the acute toxicity of 2-ethylhexanol nonanoate (CAS
59587-44-9) to aquatic invertebrates is based on a read across the
structurally analogue source substance Fatty acids, C8-16, 2-ethylhexyl
esters (CAS 135800-37-2). The study on the acute toxicity of the
substance to Daphnia magna was conducted with filtered test solutions.
No immobilisation of the Daphnids was observed and thus EC50 (48h) > 100
mg/L was determined.
The assessment of the acute toxicity of 2-ethylhexanol nonanoate (CAS
59587-44-9) is based on a read across the structurally most similar
analogue source substances Fatty acids, C8-16, 2-ethylhexyl esters (CAS
135800-37-2) and Octyl octanoate (CAS 2306-88-9). Both studies were
conducted with Desmodesmus subspicatus and reported no toxicological
effects on aquatic algae up to the limit of water solubility of the
substances.
Long term toxicity to fish: Data on the long-term toxicity to fish are
not available for any of the analogue substances. However, short-term
studies available for fish, daphnia and algae, all indicate a low
potential for aquatic toxicity. Moreover, the reliable NOECs obtained
from algal growth studies and daphnia reproduction studies are all above
the limit of water solubility. Additionally, the aquatic concentrations
of these substances are expected to be very low. This assumption of low
environmental exposure is based primarily on the lack of water
solubility and also on the fact that all substances are readily
biodegradable and have high adsorption potential (log Koc 3.89 – 4.9 MCI
method, KOCWIN v2.00), and are thus expected to be eliminated in sewage
treatment plants to a high extent. In the aquatic environment, the
concentration in the water phase will be reduced by biodegradation and
adsorption to solid particles and to sediment. If exposure would occur,
food ingestion is likely to be the main uptake route of the analogue
substances in fish, since the substances will be adsorbed to solid
particles potentially ingested by fish. In the case of ingestion, the
analogue substances are predicted to undergo metabolism. Studies on rats
demonstrated that esters of primary alcohols, containing from 1 to 18
carbon atoms, with fatty acids, containing from 2 to 18 carbon atoms,
are hydrolysed by pancreatic lipases. Measured rates of enzyme catalysed
hydrolysis varied between 2 and 5 µeq/min/mg enzyme for the different
chain lengths (Mattson and Volpenhein, 1972; and references therein).
The esters are thus expected to be hydrolysed by lipases. The resulting
free fatty acids and alcohols are absorbed from the intestine into the
blood stream. The alcohols are metabolised primarily in the liver
through a series of oxidative steps, finally yielding carbon dioxide
(Berg et al., 2001; HSDB). Fatty acids are either metabolised via the
beta-oxidation pathway in order to generate energy for the cell or
reconstituted into glyceride esters and stored in the fat depots in the
body (Berg et al., 2001). Metabolic pathways in fish are generally
similar to those in mammals. Lipids and their constituents, fatty acids,
are in particularly a major organic constituent of fish and play major
roles as sources of metabolic energy (Tocher, 2003).
In conclusion, the analogue substances will be mainly taken up by
ingestion and digested through common metabolic pathways, providing a
valuable energy source for the organism, as dietary fats. Long-term
toxic effects on fish are therefore not to be expected.
Long term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates: The assessment of long-term
toxicity of 2-ethylhexanol nonanoate (CAS 59587-44-9) to aquatic
invertebrates is based on a study conducted with the analogue substance
isopropyl myristate (CAS No. 110-27-0). The study demonstrated that the
test substance had no effect on the reproduction or mortality of the
test organisms.
Toxicity to microorganisms: The assessment of the toxicity of
2-ethylhexanol nonanoate (CAS 59587-44-9) is based on a read across to
the analogue substance Octyl octanoate (CAS 2306-88-9).
Overall, it can be concluded that the target substance 2-ethylhexanol nonanoate (CAS 59587-44-9) is not toxic to aquatic organisms up to the limit of water solubility, based on the results from a suitable source substance.
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