6,6',6''-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyltriimino)trihexanoic acid

Toxicological Summary

Workers - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)

Value:

70.5 mg/m³

Most sensitive endpoint:

repeated dose toxicity

Route of original study:

Oral

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Overall assessment factor (AF):

25

Modified dose descriptor starting point:

NOAEC

Value:

1 763 mg/m³

Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

A fully reliable toxicity study is available for oral route of administration with an administration of 90 days to rats. Appropriate species and dosage were used in this study. Even if an inhalative exposure may occur the most suitable way to determine the systemic toxicity of a solid test substance is normally the oral administration. Additionally the experiences with inhalative administration of dusts of solid substances, i.e. drugs, to humans revealed that such an inhalative exposure leads to a mainly oral ingestion of the substances. This is especially true for 6,6’,6’’-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyltriimino) trihexanoic acid as the substance is marketed as part of a mixture with water (ca. 15 to 35%). The measurement of the particle size distribution of such a wet substance revealed, that the mean particle size is relatively high: > 1000 µm: 82 %. There was practically no respirable fraction: < 45 µm: 0.00 %. In consequence an inhalative exposure will result in an oral uptake of nearly 100 % of the administered dosage. The Dose descriptor starting point was derived as follows: NOAEL of 1000 mg/kg bw. x 1/0.38 m3/kg/bw x 6.7 m3 / 10 m3 /person = 1763 mg/m3 (according to REACH ECHA GD, Example R. 8-2 Workers (Chapter R.8: Characterisation of dose [concentration]-response for human health).

AF for dose response relationship:

1

Justification:

No effects were observed after oral administration to rats of dosages up to and including 1000 mg/kg bw..

AF for differences in duration of exposure:

2

Justification:

DENEL based on a fully reliable toxicological study with oral administration of the test article to rats for 90 days.

AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):

1

Justification:

According to ECHA guidance no assessment factor used for inhalation route.

AF for other interspecies differences:

2.5

Justification:

"Remaining differences"

AF for intraspecies differences:

5

Justification:

Standard factor according to ECHA REACH guidance.

AF for the quality of the whole database:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable study is used for the derivation of the hazard via oral route

AF for remaining uncertainties:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable study is used for the derivation of the hazard via oral route

Acute/short term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)

Value:

705.2 mg/m³

Most sensitive endpoint:

acute toxicity

Route of original study:

Oral

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Overall assessment factor (AF):

12.5

Modified dose descriptor starting point:

NOAEC

Value:

8 815.6 mg/m³

Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

The Dose descriptor starting point was derived as follows: LD50 > 5000 mg/kg bw. x 1/0.38 m3/kg/bw x 6.7 m3 / 10 m3 /person = 8815.6 mg/m3 (according to REACH ECHA GD, Example R. 8-2 Workers (Chapter R.8: Characterisation of dose [concentration]-response for human health).

AF for dose response relationship:

1

Justification:

No higher factor applicable because no effects were observed up to the highest dose.

AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):

1

Justification:

AF not used for inhalation route

AF for other interspecies differences:

2.5

Justification:

"Remaining differences"

AF for intraspecies differences:

5

Justification:

Standard factor for worker according to ECHA REACH guidance.

AF for the quality of the whole database:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable study available.

AF for remaining uncertainties:

1

Justification:

AF based on a fully reliable acute oral toxicity study with rats.

Local effects

Long term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Acute/short term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Workers - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)

Value:

10 mg/kg bw/day

Most sensitive endpoint:

repeated dose toxicity

Route of original study:

Oral

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Overall assessment factor (AF):

100

Modified dose descriptor starting point:

NOAEL

Value:

1 000 mg/kg bw/day

Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

A reliable 90 day oral toxicity study with rats is available. Appropriate species and dosage were used in this study. No effects were observed after oral administration to rats of dosages up to and including 1000 mg/kg bw.. Additionally an acute dermal toxicity study revealed no effects up to and including dosages of 200 mg/kg bw. It is assumed that the resorption after dermal application is similar to the resorption after oral administration.

AF for dose response relationship:

1

Justification:

No higher factor applicable because no effects were observed up to the highest dose.

AF for differences in duration of exposure:

2

Justification:

DNEL based on a fully reliable toxicological study with oral administration of the test article to rats for 90 days.

AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):

4

Justification:

According to ECHA guidance a factor of 4 is used for allometric scaling from rat to human.

AF for other interspecies differences:

2.5

Justification:

"Remaining differences"

AF for intraspecies differences:

5

Justification:

Standard factor for worker according to ECHA REACH guidance.

AF for the quality of the whole database:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable study available.

AF for remaining uncertainties:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable 90 day study available.

Acute/short term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)

Value:

40 mg/kg bw/day

Most sensitive endpoint:

acute toxicity

Route of original study:

Dermal

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Overall assessment factor (AF):

50

Modified dose descriptor starting point:

NOAEL

Value:

2 000 mg/kg bw/day

Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

no route-to-route extrapolation necessary

AF for dose response relationship:

1

Justification:

No higher factor applicable because no effects were observed up to the highest dose.

AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):

4

Justification:

According to ECHA guidance a factor of 4 is used for allometric scaling from rat to human.

AF for other interspecies differences:

2.5

Justification:

"Remaining differences"

AF for intraspecies differences:

5

Justification:

Standard factor for worker according to ECHA REACH guidance.

AF for the quality of the whole database:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable acute dermal toxicity study available.

AF for remaining uncertainties:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable acute dermal toxicity study available.

Local effects

Long term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Acute/short term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)

Value:

0.9 mg/cm²

Most sensitive endpoint:

acute toxicity

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Overall assessment factor (AF):

12.5

Dose descriptor starting point:

other: NOAEL

AF for dose response relationship:

1

Justification:

No higher factor applicable because no effects were observed up to the highest dose.

AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):

1

Justification:

AF for allometric scaling of 1, " ... since local effects are independent of the basal metabolic rate, allometric scaling should not be applied (allometric scaling factor of 1)" (ECHA REACH Guidance Chapter R8)

AF for other interspecies differences:

2.5

Justification:

"Remaining differences"

AF for intraspecies differences:

5

Justification:

Standard factor for worker according to ECHA REACH guidance.

AF for the quality of the whole database:

1

Justification:

AF based on a fully reliable acute dermal toxicity study with rats.

AF for remaining uncertainties:

1

Justification:

AF based on a fully reliable acute dermal toxicity study with rats.

Workers - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

General Population - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)

Value:

17.4 mg/m³

Most sensitive endpoint:

repeated dose toxicity

Route of original study:

Oral

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Overall assessment factor (AF):

50

Modified dose descriptor starting point:

other: NOAEC = The Dose descriptor starting point was derived as follows: NOAEL of 1000 mg/kg bw. x 1/1.15 m3/kg/bw = 870 mg/m3 (according to REACH ECHA GD, Chapter R.8, Example Table R 8-1 General public)

Value:

870 mg/m³

Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

A fully reliable toxicity study is available for oral route of administration with an administration of 90 days to rats. Appropriate species and dosage were used in this study. Even if an inhalative exposure may occur the most suitable way to determine the systemic toxicity of a solid test substance is normally the oral administration. Additionally the experiences with inhalative administration of dusts of solid substances, i.e. drugs, to humans revealed that such an inhalative exposure leads to a mainly oral ingestion of the substances. This is especially true for 6,6’,6’’-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyltriimino) trihexanoic acid as the substance is marketed as part of a mixture with water (ca. 15 to 35%). The measurement of the particle size distribution of such a wet substance revealed, that the mean particle size is relatively high: > 1000 µm: 82 %. There was practically no respirable fraction: < 45 µm: 0.00 %. In consequence an inhalative exposure will result in an oral uptake of nearly 100 % of the administered dosage. The Dose descriptor starting point was derived as follows: NOAEL of 1000 mg/kg bw. x 1/1.15 m3/kg/bw x 0.5 = 434.8 mg/m3 (according to REACH ECHA GD, (Chapter R.8: Characterisation of dose [concentration]-response for human health).

AF for dose response relationship:

1

Justification:

No effects were observed after oral administration to rats of dosages up to and including 1000 mg/kg bw..

AF for differences in duration of exposure:

2

Justification:

DNEL based on a fully reliable toxicological study with oral administration of the test article to rats for 90 days.

AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):

1

Justification:

According to ECHA guidance no assessment factor used for inhalation route.

AF for other interspecies differences:

2.5

Justification:

"Remaining differences"

AF for intraspecies differences:

10

Justification:

Standard factor according to ECHA REACH guidance.

AF for the quality of the whole database:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable 90 day oral toxicity study is used for the derivation of the hazard via oral route

AF for remaining uncertainties:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable 90 day oral toxicity study is used for the derivation of the hazard via oral route

Acute/short term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)

Value:

174 mg/m³

Most sensitive endpoint:

acute toxicity

Route of original study:

Oral

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Overall assessment factor (AF):

25

Modified dose descriptor starting point:

other: NOAEC = The Dose descriptor starting point was derived as follows: NOAEL of 5000 mg/kg bw. x 1/1.15 m3/kg/bw = 4348 mg/m3 (according to REACH ECHA GD, (Chapter R.8 Example Table R 8-1 General public)

Value:

4 348 mg/m³

Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

The Dose descriptor starting point was derived as follows: NOAEL of 5000 mg/kg bw. x 1/1.15 m3/kg/bw = 4348 mg/m3 (according to REACH ECHA GD, (Chapter R.8 : Characterisation of dose [concentration]-response for human health, Example Table R 8-1 General public)

AF for dose response relationship:

1

Justification:

No higher factor applicable because no effects were observed up to the highest dose.

AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):

1

Justification:

According to ECHA guidance no assessment factor used for inhalation route.

AF for other interspecies differences:

2.5

Justification:

"Remaining differences"

AF for intraspecies differences:

10

Justification:

Standard factor for general public according to ECHA REACH guidance.

AF for the quality of the whole database:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable acute oral toxicity study is used for the derivation of the hazard via oral route

AF for remaining uncertainties:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable acute oral toxicity study is used for the derivation of the hazard via oral route

Local effects

Long term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Acute/short term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

General Population - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)

Value:

5 mg/kg bw/day

Most sensitive endpoint:

repeated dose toxicity

Route of original study:

Oral

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Overall assessment factor (AF):

200

Modified dose descriptor starting point:

other: A fully reliable 90 day oral toxicity study with rats is available. No effects were observed after oral dosages up to and including 1000 mg/kg bw.. It is assumed that the resoption after dermal application is similar to the one after oral administration.

Value:

1 000 mg/kg bw/day

Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

A reliable 90 day oral toxicity study with rats is available. Appropriate species and dosage were used in this study. No effects were observed after oral administration to rats of dosages up to and including 1000 mg/kg bw.. Additionally an acute dermal toxicity study revealed no effects up to and including dosages of 200 mg/kg bw. It is assumed that the resorption after dermal application is similar to the resorption after oral administration.

AF for dose response relationship:

1

Justification:

No higher factor necessary because no effects were observed up to the highest dose

AF for differences in duration of exposure:

2

Justification:

DNEL based on a fully reliable toxicological study with oral administration of the test article to rats for 90 days.

AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):

4

Justification:

According to ECHA guidance a factor of 4 is used for allometric scaling from rat to human.

AF for other interspecies differences:

2.5

Justification:

"Remaining differences"

AF for intraspecies differences:

10

Justification:

Standard factor according to ECHA REACH guidance.

AF for the quality of the whole database:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable 90 day oral toxicity study is used for the derivation of the hazard via oral route

AF for remaining uncertainties:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable 90 day oral toxicity study is used for the derivation of the hazard via oral route

Acute/short term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)

Value:

20 mg/kg bw/day

Most sensitive endpoint:

acute toxicity

Route of original study:

Dermal

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Overall assessment factor (AF):

100

Modified dose descriptor starting point:

NOAEL

Value:

2 000 mg/kg bw/day

Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

no route-to-route extrapolation necessary

AF for dose response relationship:

1

Justification:

No higher factor applicable because no effects were observed up to the highest dose

AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):

4

Justification:

According to ECHA guidance a factor of 4 is used for allometric scaling from rat to human.

AF for other interspecies differences:

2.5

Justification:

"Remaining differences"

AF for intraspecies differences:

10

Justification:

Standard factor according to ECHA REACH guidance.

AF for the quality of the whole database:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable acute dermal toxicity study is used.

AF for remaining uncertainties:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable acute dermal toxicity study is used.

Local effects

Long term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Acute/short term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)

Value:

0.45 mg/cm²

Most sensitive endpoint:

acute toxicity

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Overall assessment factor (AF):

25

Dose descriptor starting point:

other: NOAEL

AF for dose response relationship:

1

Justification:

No higher factor necessary because no effects were observed up to the highest dose

AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):

1

Justification:

AF for allometric scaling of 1, " ... since local effects are independent of the basal metabolic rate, allometric scaling should not be applied (allometric scaling factor of 1)" (ECHA REACH Guidance Chapter R8)

AF for other interspecies differences:

2.5

Justification:

"Remaining differences"

AF for intraspecies differences:

10

Justification:

Standard factor according to ECHA REACH guidance.

AF for the quality of the whole database:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable acute dermal toxicity study is used for the derivation of the hazard via oral route

AF for remaining uncertainties:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable acute dermal toxicity study is used for the derivation of the hazard via oral route

General Population - Hazard via oral route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)

Value:

5 mg/kg bw/day

Most sensitive endpoint:

repeated dose toxicity

Route of original study:

Oral

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Overall assessment factor (AF):

200

Modified dose descriptor starting point:

NOAEL

Value:

1 000 mg/kg bw/day

Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

A toxicological study with oral administration is used for extrapolation to the hazard via oral route of the general population.

AF for dose response relationship:

1

Justification:

No effects were observed in a 90 day oral toxicity study with rats up to and including dasages of 1000 mg/kg bw..

AF for differences in duration of exposure:

2

Justification:

A fully reliable toxicological study with an oral administration of the test article to rats for 90 days.

AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):

4

Justification:

According to ECHA guidance a factor of 4 is used for allometric scaling from rat to human.

AF for other interspecies differences:

2.5

Justification:

"Remaining differences"

AF for intraspecies differences:

10

Justification:

Standard factor according to ECHA REACH guidance.

AF for the quality of the whole database:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable 90 day oral toxicity study is used for the derivation of the hazard via oral route

AF for remaining uncertainties:

1

Justification:

No further assessement factor necessary.

Acute/short term exposure

Hazard assessment conclusion:

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)

Value:

50 mg/kg bw/day

Most sensitive endpoint:

acute toxicity

Route of original study:

Oral

DNEL related information

DNEL derivation method:

ECHA REACH Guidance

Overall assessment factor (AF):

100

Modified dose descriptor starting point:

NOAEL

Value:

5 000 mg/kg bw/day

AF for dose response relationship:

1

Justification:

No effects were observed after oral administration to rats of dosages up to and including 5000 mg/kg bw..

AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):

4

Justification:

According to ECHA guidance a factor of 4 is used for allometric scaling from rat to human.

AF for other interspecies differences:

2.5

Justification:

"Remaining differences"

AF for intraspecies differences:

10

Justification:

Standard factor according to ECHA REACH guidance.

AF for the quality of the whole database:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable acute oral toxicity study is used for the derivation of the hazard via oral route

AF for remaining uncertainties:

1

Justification:

A fully reliable acue oral toxicity study is used for the derivation of the hazard via oral route

General Population - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified