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EC number: 210-259-3 | CAS number: 611-20-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 03 May - 01 June 2010
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 A (Ready Biodegradability: DOC Die Away Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-A (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) Die-Away Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): - Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): Sourced from predominatly domestic wastewater treatment plant (ARA Ergolz II, Fullinsdorf / Switzerland)
- Storage conditions: Room temperature. Aeration.
- Storage length: 1 day
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: Washed twice with tap water by centrifugation, supernatant liquid phase decanted.
- Concentration of sludge: 30 mg dry material per litre. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 41.8 - 42.3 mg/L
- Based on:
- DOC
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- DOC removal
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Purified water with dissolved analytical grade salts
- Test temperature: 22 - 24 °C
- pH: start: 7.3-7.4, end: 7.3 - 7.8
- pH adjusted: yes
- Aeration of dilution water: Test media was constantly stirred, flasks were prepared as to allow for exchange of air between flasks and surrounding atmosphere.
- Suspended solids concentration: 30 mg dry material per litre.
- Continuous darkness: yes
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 2000 mL Erlenmeyer flasks, 1000 mL test medium per flask. Flasks loosely covered with aluminium foil.
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: Test media was constantly stirred, flasks were prepared as to allow for exchange of air between flasks and surrounding atmosphere.
- Measuring equipment: Samples analysed for DOC by means of a TOC-analyser with automatic sampler [combustion/non-dispersive IR gas analysis method]
- At each sampling point water evapouration losses were determined and compensated for and deposits on the test vessels resuspended
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Test item and inncoulum control: 0, 3 , 7, 10 , 14, 16, 21 and 28 days. Procedure control: 0, 3, 7, 14 amd 28 days. Toxicity control: 0, 7, 14 and 28 days.
- Sampling method: 10 mL samples taken. Samples filtered through 0.45 µm filter (first 3-4 mL of filtrate discarded)
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: Yes.
- Abiotic sterile control: No
- Toxicity control: Yes (test substance 42mg/L, plus reference (sodium benzoate) 50mg/L)
- Procedure control: Yes (reference item)
Degradation was calculated by comparing DOC removal in the test flasks to that in the inoculum controls. - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Parameter:
- % degradation (DOC removal)
- Value:
- 0
- Sampling time:
- 10 d
- Parameter:
- % degradation (DOC removal)
- Value:
- 99
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- Results are given as the average of the degradation in the two replicates.
- Results with reference substance:
- 100% degradation of the reference item within 7 days was observed in the procedure control
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The suitability of the activated sludge was confirmed as the reference substance degraded by 100% within 7 days.
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The substance is readily biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
In a GLP compliant, OECD guideline test, the substance degraded sufficiently that it can be considered readily biodegradable. The 10 -day window was met with degradation going from 0 to 80% between days 10 and 16. The results from the toxicity control show that the substance is not inhibitory to activated sludge.
Reference
Table 1. Percentage degradation in the Test Flasks
Time (days) | Percentage biodegradation (corrected for the innoculum controls) | ||||||
Test Item | Procedure Control | Toxicity Control | |||||
Replicate No. | Replicate No. | Replicate No. | |||||
1 | 2 | mean | 1 | 2 | mean | 1 | |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
3 | -2 | -3 | -2 | 99 | 98 | 98 | n.d. |
7 | -1 | -2 | -1 | 100 | 99 | 100 | 50 |
10 | 1 | -1 | 0 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
14 | 53 | 8 | 31 | 99 | 100 | 99 | 51 |
16 | 99 | 61 | 80 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
21 | 99 | 99 | 99 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
28 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 98 | 100 | 99 | 100 |
n.d. = not determined
Description of key information
Readily biodegradable, OECD 301A, Eisner 2010
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
- Type of water:
- freshwater
Additional information
The study by Urushigawa(1984) did not quantify degradation and was discarded. In a GLP compliant, OECD guideline test the substance degraded sufficiently that it can be considered readily biodegradable (Eisner, 2010). The 10-day window was met with degradation going from 0 to 80% between days 10 and 16. The results from the toxicity control showed that the substance is not inhibitory to activated sludge. The study was considered to be reliable and suitable for use in classification, labelling and risk assessment.
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