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EC number: 474-190-2 | CAS number: 875471-31-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- December 12th, 2019
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
- Justification for type of information:
- 1. SOFTWARE
iSafeRat® High-Accuracy-Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (HA-QSAR) based on a holistic approach for predicting physicochemical and ecotoxicological endpoints: Short-term toxicity to Daphnia (immobilisation)
2. MODEL (incl. version number)
iSafeRat® holistic HA-QSAR v1.8
3. SMILES OR OTHER IDENTIFIERS USED AS INPUT FOR THE MODEL
SMILES: CCCCCC1CCC(=O)OC1
The toxicity of the test item was predicted using the iSafeRat® Ecotox module providing the Subcooled Liquid Water Solubility (SLWS) as the input. The SLWS has been predicted using the iSafeRat® Water Solubility module providing the experimental log KOW value as the input.
Subcooled Liquid Water Solubility of the test item = 1.95E+03 mg/L (or -1.942 in log (mol/L)).
4. SCIENTIFIC VALIDITY OF THE (Q)SAR MODEL
See attached QMRF
5. APPLICABILITY DOMAIN
See attached QPRF
6. ADEQUACY OF THE RESULT
See attached QPRF - Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- not applicable
- Remarks:
- QSAR model
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The purpose of this QSAR model is to accurately predict the acute toxicity to daphnids as would be expected in a laboratory experiment following OECD Guideline 202 and EC method C.2 for specific, named mechanisms of action. The model provides an in silico prediction for the 48-hour EC50 value that can effectively be used in place of an experimentally derived 48-hour EC50 value. The regression based method used to achieve this has been fully validated following the OECD recommendations (OECD, 2004).
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- QSAR model
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - log KOW = 2.39 (Phytosafe, 2006, Shake flask method, EEC A8)
- Water Solubility 1950 mg/L (KREATiS, 2019)
- Mechanism of action: MechoA 2.1: mono-/poly-esters whose hydrolysis products are narcotics (Bauer et al., 2018) - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- not applicable
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- not applicable
- Test organisms (species):
- other: Daphnia magna, Daphnia pulex
- Details on test organisms:
- No difference in terms of toxic mechanism of action between invertebrate (or indeed other) aquatic species is expected. Any observed differences may be attributed to lifestyle related parameters (e.g. shell closing in molluscs) and relative duration of study versus bodysize rather than to a specific toxic mechanism causing species differences.
- Test type:
- other: QSAR model
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- Results from a test duration of 48 hours only were used for daphnid species.
- Post exposure observation period:
- not applicable
- Hardness:
- The QSAR is based on data from studies performed at acceptable hardness to ensure control survival.
- Test temperature:
- The temperatures varied from approximately 20 to 23 °C depending on the species used to construct the algorithm. This small difference is not expected to contribute to the variability of the EC50 values found in experimental data.
- pH:
- Test results were taken from studies with measured pHs between 6 - 9.
- Dissolved oxygen:
- The model is based on data from studies performed at acceptable oxygen concentrations (generally >60%).
- Salinity:
- Not applicable
- Conductivity:
- Not applicable
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Studies were used only where sufficient evidence was presented to determine that the substance was stable under test conditions (i.e. maintained within ± 20 % of the nominal) or, if not, the result was based on measured concentrations as geometric mean.
- Details on test conditions:
- Preferentially results from semi-static studies were used. However, substances tested using a static design were accepted (preferably accompanied by analytical measurements over the study period). For suspected volatile substances only tests performed in closed vessels were accepted unless accompanying analytical monitoring proved such a design was not necessary.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Remarks:
- QSAR model
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 60 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95%CL: 53 - 69 mg/L
- Details on results:
- The test item falls within the applicability domain of the model and was therefore reliably predicted for its acute toxicity (48h-EC50) to daphnids. Therefore, this endpoint value can be considered valid for use in risk assessment and classification and labelling.
The 48h-EC50 of the test item to daphnids was predicted as 60 mg/L. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- not applicable
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- 95% confidence interval (α = 0.05): 53 – 69 mg/L.
QSAR statistical parameters are given in the QMRF and the QPRF - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The test item falls within the applicability domain of the model and was therefore reliably predicted for its acute toxicity (48h-EC50) to daphnids. Therefore, this endpoint value can be considered valid for use in risk assessment and classification and labelling.
The 48h-EC50 of the test item to daphnids was predicted as 60 mg/L.
95% confidence interval (α = 0.05): 53 - 69 mg/L. - Executive summary:
A Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) model was used to calculate the acute toxicity of the test item to daphnid. This QSAR model has been validated to be compliant with the OECD recommendations for QSAR modeling (OECD, 2004a) and predicts the endpoint value which would be expected when testing the substance under experimental conditions in a laboratory following the Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 202, "Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilisation Test" (OECD, 2004b), referenced as Method C.2 of Commission Regulation No. 440/2008 (European Commission, 2008). The criterion predicted was the EC50 (Median Effective Concentration), a statistically derived concentration which is expected to cause immobility in 50% of test animals within a period of 48 hours.
The immobility of the daphnids was determined using a validated QSAR model for the Mechanism of Action (MechoA) in question (MechoA 2.1, i.e. mono-/poly-esters whose hydrolysis products are narcotics) (Bauer et al., 2018). The QSAR model is based on validated data for a training set of 41 chemicals derived from 48-hour test on daphnids, for which the concentrations of the test item had been determined by chemical analyses over the test period.
The 48h-EC50 of the test item to daphnids was predicted as 60 mg/L.
95% confidence interval (α = 0.05): 53 - 69 mg/L.
Reference
Applicability Domain of the model
Descriptor domain:
The Subcooled Liquid Water Solubility value (1.95E+03 mg/L or -1.942 in log (mol/L)) given as the input to the Ecotox module of the iSafeRat® Holistic HA-QSAR falls within the descriptor domain of the model between a log water solubility (in log (mol/L)) of -4.79 to 0.93.
Structural fragment domain:
All chemical groups within the molecular structure are taken into account by the model.
Mechanistic domain:
Currently, the ecotoxicity module of the iSafeRat® Holistic HA-QSAR can reliably predict the aquatic toxicity for
chemicals with the following mechanisms of action of toxicity (MechoA):
• non-polar narcosis (MechoA 1.1)
• polar narcosis of alkyl-/alkoxy-phenols (MechoA 1.2)
• polar narcosis of aliphatic amines (MechoA 1.2)
• cationic narcosis of quaternary ammoniums (MechoA 1.3)
• mono-/poly-esters whose hydrolysis products are narcotics (MechoA 2.1)
• hard electrophile reactivity (MechoA 3.1)
• RedOx cycling of primary thiols (MechoA 4.4)
• Proton release of carboxylic acids (MechoA 5.2)
The MechoA of molecules is predicted directly from the structure. The test item as a lactone is expected to exert a MechoA 2.1 and can be taken into account by the model (Bauer et al., 2018).
See QMRF in "attached background material".
Description of key information
iSafeRat® High-Accuracy-Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, KREATIS, 2019 :
48h-EC50 = 60 mg/L (95% CI: 53 - 69 mg/L)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 60 mg/L
Additional information
One QSAR prediction is available to assess the short-term toxicity of the registered substance to aquatic invertebrates.
The QSAR prediction (KREATiS, 2019) was considered as reliable and was used as the key data. The QSAR model has been validated to be compliant with the OECD recommendations for QSAR modelling (OECD, 2004) and predicts the endpoint value which would be expected when testing the substance under experimental conditions in a laboratory following OECD Guideline 202. The immobility of the daphnids was determined using a validated QSAR model for the Mechanism of Action (MechoA) in question (MechoA 2.1, i.e. mono-/poly-esters whose hydrolysis products are narcotics) (Bauer et al., 2018). The QSAR model is based on validated data for a training set of 41 chemicals derived from 48 -hour test on daphnids, for which the concentrations of the test item had been determined by chemical analyses over the test period. The test item falls within the applicability domain of the model and was therefore reliably predicted for its acute toxicity (48h-EC50) to daphnids. Therefore, this endpoint value can be considered valid for use in risk assessment and classification and labelling.
The 48-h EC50 of the registered substance to daphnids was predicted at 60 mg/L (95% CI: 53 - 69 mg/L).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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