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EC number: 641-048-8 | CAS number: 110839-13-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2007
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- GLP and guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.11 (Biodegradation: Activated Sludge Respiration Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- not required
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Before the start of the test defined amounts of the test item were directly weighed into the test flasks and mechanically dispersed using ultrasonic bath for an hour. The test concentrations (10, 31, 100, 313 and 1000 mg/L) were chosen to permit the determination of the EC50. Concentrations in excess of nominal 1000 mg test item/L were not tested.
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge
- Details on inoculum:
- Species: Activated sludge, microorganisms from a domestic wastewater treatment plant.
Origin: The activated sludge was supplied from the sewage plant for domestic sewage in Veszprém, Hungary.
Conditioning: The activated sludge used for this study was washed and centrifuged and the supernatant liquid phase was decanted. The solid material was re-suspended in isotonic saline solution and again centrifuged. This procedure was repeated twice. An aliquot of the final sludge suspension was weighed, dried and a ratio of wet sludge to its dry weight determined. Based on this ratio, calculated amounts of wet sludge were suspended in isotonic saline solution to yield a concentration equivalent to 4 g per litre (on dry weight basis). The pH of the activated sludge inoculum was determined to be pH 7.41. The activated sludge was used directly after conditioning. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Test temperature:
- 19.4 – 20.6 °C (during the incubation) and
20.1 – 21.0 °C (during oxygen measurement) - pH:
- 7.46 - 7.96
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.3 - 8.70
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: 10; 31; 100; 313 and 1000 mg/L
no measured concentration - Details on test conditions:
- Test Units
Type and Size: Erlenmeyer bottles of approximately 350 mL volume and BOD bottles with special neck of 300 mL volume.
Identification: Each test flask was uniquely identified with study code, code of each group (control and treatment) and replicate number (in case of controls).
Test Conditions
Surrounding Type: Climate chamber (during the incubation) and controlled environment room (during the formulation and oxygen measuring)
Temperature: 19.4 – 20.6 °C (during the incubation) and
20.1 – 21.0 °C (during oxygen measurement)
Aeration: With compressed air (approximately 1 litre per minute)
Recording: Test conditions were measured with suitable instruments and documented in the raw data.
Equipment:
Normal laboratory equipments were used in the study,
Self stirring O2 electrode,
Oxygen meter,
Thermometer,
pH meter,
Balance,
Centrifuge,
Moisture analyzer,
Aeration system,
Orbital shaker - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-Dichlorophenol
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 119.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth inhibition
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC20
- Effect conc.:
- 48 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth inhibition
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC80
- Effect conc.:
- 297.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth inhibition
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 31 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth inhibition
- Details on results:
- Toxicity of Test Item
In comparison to the inoculum controls the respiration rate of the activated sludge was inhibited dose-dependently in the whole examined concentration range, displaying inhibition rates from 4.4 up to 96.5 %.
At the lowest nominal concentration of 10 mg/L, the respiration rate of the activated sludge was inhibited by 4.4 %, at 31 and 100 mg/L, by 6.2 % and 38.1 %, respectively. Furthermore, at the nominal concentrations of 313 and 1000 mg test item/L, the respiration rate was inhibited by 89.4 % and 96.5 %, respectively.
Based on measured inhibition rates the 3-hour EC20, EC50 and EC80 and their 95 %-confidence limits were calculated by Probit analysis using TOXSTAT software.
The NOEC was determined to be 31 mg/L. The NOEC for respiration rates was not based on the results of a statistical analysis, but it is biologically justified. The respiration rates were inhibited and influenced dose dependently in the whole concentration range, however the observed slight inhibition (4.4 %) at the concentration level of 10 mg/L was evaluated as reflecting the biological variability in the test. The calculated respiration rate, 0.540 was equal the respiration rate calculated at the second control. At the concentration of 31 mg/L the calculated respiration rate (0.530) was in the historical control data range (0.490 ± 0.089), and the deviation from the control was within ± 15 % (the inhibition at 31 mg/L is < 10%) can be considered as a biological variability of the test system. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The following nominal concentrations of the positive reference control 3,5-Dichlorophenol were tested on the same activated sludge and under identical conditions as the test item: 5, 16 and 32 mg/L. In comparison to the controls the respiration rate of the activated sludge was inhibited by 27.4 % at the lowest nominal concentration of 5 mg/L.
At the nominal concentrations of 16 and 32 mg/L, the respiration rate was inhibited by 73.5 % and 85.8 %, respectively.
The 3-hour EC50 of 3,5-Dichlorophenol was calculated to be 9.30 mg/L with 95 % confidence limits of 7.73 to 11.19 mg/L. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Probit analysis using TOXSTAT software
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The EC50 value was determined as 119.5 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The purpose of the 3-hour toxicity test was to evaluate the influence of the test item on the activity of activated sludge by measuring the respiration rate under defined conditions. The respiration rate (oxygen consumption) of an aerobic activated sludge fed with a standard amount of synthetic sewage was measured in the presence of various concentrations of the test item after an incubation period of 3 hours. The inhibitory effect of the test item at the particular concentrations was expressed as percentage of the mean respiration rate of two controls. In comparison to the inoculum controls the respiration rate of the activated sludge was inhibited between 4.4 % and 96.5 % in the examined nominal test concentration range. The inhibition showed a dose-related tendency. The respiration rate was inhibited with 96.5 % at the highest concentration level of 1000 mg/L. Concentrations exceeding 1000 mg/L nominal were not tested. Based on measured inhibition rates the 3-hour EC20, EC50 and EC80 and their 95 %-confidence limits were calculated by Probit analysis using TOXSTAT software. The NOEC was determined to be 31 mg/L. The NOEC for respiration rates was not based on the results of a statistical analysis, but it is biologically justified. The respiration rates were inhibited and influenced dose dependently in the whole concentration range, however the observed slight inhibition (4.4 %) at the concentration level of 10 mg/L was evaluated as reflecting the biological variability in the test. The calculated respiration rate, 0.540 was equal the respiration rate calculated at the second control. At the concentration of 31 mg/L the calculated respiration rate (0.530) was in the historical control data range (0.490 ± 0.089), and the deviation from the control was within ± 15 % (the inhibition at 31 mg/L is < 10%) can be considered as a biological variability of the test system.
Reference
Description of key information
The test item was assessed in a study according to EU Method C.11 (Biodegradation: Activated Sludge Respiration Inhibition Test). The EC50 was determined to be 119.5 mg/L and the NOEC was 31 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for microorganisms:
- 119.5 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:
- 31 mg/L
Additional information
The purpose of the 3-hour toxicity test was to evaluate the influence of the test item on the activity of activated sludge by measuring the respiration rate under defined conditions. The respiration rate (oxygen consumption) of an aerobic activated sludge fed with a standard amount of synthetic sewage was measured in the presence of various concentrations of the test item after an incubation period of 3 hours. The inhibitory effect of the test item at the particular concentrations was expressed as percentage of the mean respiration rate of two controls. In comparison to the inoculum controls the respiration rate of the activated sludge was inhibited between 4.4 % and 96.5 % in the examined nominal test concentration range. The inhibition showed a dose-related tendency. The respiration rate was inhibited with 96.5 % at the highest concentration level of 1000 mg/L. Concentrations exceeding 1000 mg/L nominal were not tested. Based on measured inhibition rates the 3-hour EC20, EC50 and EC80 and their 95 %-confidence limits were calculated by Probit analysis using TOXSTAT software. The NOEC was determined to be 31 mg/L. The NOEC for respiration rates was not based on the results of a statistical analysis, but it is biologically justified. The respiration rates were inhibited and influenced dose dependently in the whole concentration range, however the observed slight inhibition (4.4 %) at the concentration level of 10 mg/L was evaluated as reflecting the biological variability in the test. The calculated respiration rate, 0.540 was equal the respiration rate calculated at the second control. At the concentration of 31 mg/L the calculated respiration rate (0.530) was in the historical control data range (0.490 ± 0.089), and the deviation from the control was within ± 15 % (the inhibition at 31 mg/L is < 10%) can be considered as a biological variability of the test system.
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