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EC number: 228-668-0 | CAS number: 6320-14-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Skin Sensitization:
On the basis of available studies for the structurally similar read across substances, the weight of evidence approach was applied to assess the skin sensitization potential for target substance.
2-[3-(1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene)prop-1-enyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium chloride was estimated to be not sensitizing to skin.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin sensitisation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation, other
- Remarks:
- in vivo
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Weight of evidence approach based on structurally similar read across chemicals
- Justification for type of information:
- Weight of evidence approach based on structurally similar read across chemicals
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Weight of evidence approach based on structurally similar read across chemicals
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Weight of evidence approach based on structurally similar read across chemicals
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of study:
- other: Weight of evidence approach based on structurally similar read across chemicals
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report):C.I. Basic Red 12
- IUPAC name: 1,3,3-trimethyl-2-[(1E)-3-[(2E)-1,3,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-ylidene]prop-1-en-1-yl]-3H-indol-1-ium chloride
- Molecular formula: C25H29N2.Cl
- Molecular weight: 392.971 g/mol
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid - Species:
- other: mice and guinea pigs
- Strain:
- not specified
- Sex:
- not specified
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- no data available
- No. of animals per dose:
- Weight of evidence approach based on structuraly similar read across chemicals
- Details on study design:
- The study is based on weight of evidence approach from the read across values
- Challenge controls:
- Weight of evidence approach based on structuraly similar read across chemicals
- Vehicle:
- other: Weight of evidence approach based on structuraly similar read across chemicals
- Concentration:
- Weight of evidence approach based on structuraly similar read across chemicals
- No. of animals per dose:
- Weight of evidence approach based on structuraly similar read across chemicals
- Details on study design:
- The study is based on weight of evidence approach from the read across values
- Positive control substance(s):
- hexyl cinnamic aldehyde (CAS No 101-86-0)
- Statistics:
- The study is based on weight of evidence approach from the read across values
- Positive control results:
- The study is based on weight of evidence approach from the read across values
- Other effects / acceptance of results:
- The study is based on weight of evidence approach from the read across values
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Group:
- test chemical
- Clinical observations:
- no dermal reactions observed
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Parameter:
- SI
- Remarks on result:
- other: No indication of sensitization observed
- Cellular proliferation data / Observations:
- The study is based on weight of evidence approach from the read across values
- Interpretation of results:
- other: not sensitizing
- Conclusions:
- On the basis of available studies for the structurally similar read across substances, the weight of evidence approach was applied to assess the skin sensitization potential for target substance.
2-[3-(1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene)prop-1-enyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium chloride was estimated to be not sensitizing to skin. - Executive summary:
Based on the available studies for the structurally similar read across substances, the weight of evidence approach was applied to assess the skin sensitization potential for 2-[3-(1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene)prop-1-enyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium chloride.
LLNA assay was conducted to determine the dermal sensitization potential of the structurally similar read across chemical. The study was performed according to OECD 429 Guidelines. 20 females (nulliparous and non-pregnant) CBA mice were used for the study. 10%, 25% and 50% of the test chemical in propylene glycol was applied to the ears of mice. Hexyl cinnamic aldehyde and propylene glycol were used as positive and vehicle controls respectively.
After few days following the initial application, draining lymph nodes were excised. A single cell suspension of LNC was prepared. Incorporation of [3H]TdR was measured, and recorded as mean cpm ± standard deviation (SD) per node of three mice for each group. The incorporation of [3H]TdR was measured using a liquid scintillation counter and expressed as mean counts per min (cpm) + standard deviation per node of three animals for each test group. Increases in [3H]TdR incorporation relative to vehicle-treated controls were calculated for each test group and expressed as stimulation indices (SI). The SI values calculated for the substance concentrations 5, 10 and 25% were 1.5, 1.9 and 6.1 respectively. An EC3 value of 13.9% was calculated using linear interpolation. The calculated EC3 value was found to be in the acceptable range of 2 and 20%. The results of the 6 monthly HCA reliability checks of the recent years were 9.5, 13.1, 14.1 and 13.8%.
The SI values calculated for the substance concentrations 10, 25 and 50% were 1.1, 2.1 and 2.7 respectively. Since there was no indication that the test substance elicits an SI>=3 when tested up to 50%, the test substance was considered not to be a skin sensitizer.
A Guinea pig Maximization test was performed to determine the dermal sensitization potential of the another structurally similar read across chemical. The study was conducted as per OECD 406 Guidelines. 15 (10 females in experimental group, 5 females in negative control group) Dunkin- Hartley Guinea pigs were used for the study.
Intradermal injection with a 1% concentration and epidermal occlusive exposure (both in induction and challenge phase) to a 50% concentration of the test chemical in water was applied to skin of the experimental group. The 5 females in negative control group were also treated in the similar way. The experimental and negative control guinea pigs were assessed for signs of erythema and reactions 24 and 48 hours after removal of the dressing (challenge exposure).
Green/brown staining was observed at all test substance treated skin sites, 24 and 48 hours after challenge. This staining did not hamper the scoring of the skin reactions.
The test chemical was considered to be not sensitizing to guinea pig skin.
Based on the available data for the structurally similar read across chemicals and applying the weight of evidence approach, it can be concluded that 1,3,3-trimethyl-2-[(1E)-3-[(2E)-1,3,3 -trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-ylidene]prop-1-en-1-yl]-3H-indol-1-ium chloride will also behave in similar manner that of the read across chemicals and was estimated to be not sensitizing to skin. Thus it can be further classified under the category “Not Classified” as per CLP regulation.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not sensitising)
- Additional information:
Based on the available studies for the structurally similar read across substances, the weight of evidence approach was applied to assess the skin sensitization potential for 2-[3-(1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene)prop-1-enyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium chloride.
LLNA assay was conducted to determine the dermal sensitization potential of the structurally similar read across chemical. The study was performed according to OECD 429 Guidelines. 20 females (nulliparous and non-pregnant) CBA mice were used for the study. 10%, 25% and 50% of the test chemical in propylene glycol was applied to the ears of mice. Hexyl cinnamic aldehyde and propylene glycol were used as positive and vehicle controls respectively.
After few days following the initial application, draining lymph nodes were excised. A single cell suspension of LNC was prepared. Incorporation of [3H]TdR was measured, and recorded as mean cpm ± standard deviation (SD) per node of three mice for each group. The incorporation of [3H]TdR was measured using a liquid scintillation counter and expressed as mean counts per min (cpm) + standard deviation per node of three animals for each test group. Increases in [3H]TdR incorporation relative to vehicle-treated controls were calculated for each test group and expressed as stimulation indices (SI). The SI values calculated for the substance concentrations 5, 10 and 25% were 1.5, 1.9 and 6.1 respectively. An EC3 value of 13.9% was calculated using linear interpolation. The calculated EC3 value was found to be in the acceptable range of 2 and 20%. The results of the 6 monthly HCA reliability checks of the recent years were 9.5, 13.1, 14.1 and 13.8%.
The SI values calculated for the substance concentrations 10, 25 and 50% were 1.1, 2.1 and 2.7 respectively. Since there was no indication that the test substance elicits an SI>=3 when tested up to 50%, the test substance was considered not to be a skin sensitizer.
A Guinea pig Maximization test was performed to determine the dermal sensitization potential of the another structurally similar read across chemical. The study was conducted as per OECD 406 Guidelines. 15 (10 females in experimental group, 5 females in negative control group) Dunkin- Hartley Guinea pigs were used for the study.
Intradermal injection with a 1% concentration and epidermal occlusive exposure (both in induction and challenge phase) to a 50% concentration of the test chemical in water was applied to skin of the experimental group. The 5 females in negative control group were also treated in the similar way. The experimental and negative control guinea pigs were assessed for signs of erythema and reactions 24 and 48 hours after removal of the dressing (challenge exposure).
Green/brown staining was observed at all test substance treated skin sites, 24 and 48 hours after challenge. This staining did not hamper the scoring of the skin reactions.
The test chemical was considered to be not sensitizing to guinea pig skin.
Based on the available data for the structurally similar read across chemicals and applying the weight of evidence approach, it can be concluded that 1,3,3-trimethyl-2-[(1E)-3-[(2E)-1,3,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-ylidene]prop-1-en-1-yl]-3H-indol-1-ium chloride will also behave in similar manner that of the read across chemicals and was estimated to be not sensitizing to skin. Thus it can be further classified under the category “Not Classified” as per CLP regulation.
Respiratory sensitisation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Justification for classification or non-classification
The results of the experimental studies from the structurally similar read across substances indicate a possibility that 2-[3-(1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene)prop-1-enyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium chloride can be not sensitizing to skin.
Hence by applying the weight of evidence approach, 2-[3-(1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene)prop-1-enyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium chloride can be considered to be not sensitizing to skin. It can be classified under the category “Not Classified” as per CLP regulation.
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