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EC number: 204-185-0 | CAS number: 117-34-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- secondary literature
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from safety assessment reports
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- secondary source
- Title:
- OPINION ON Benzoic Acid and Sodium Benzoate
- Author:
- SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ON CONSUMER PRODUCTS (SCCP)
- Year:
- 2 005
- Bibliographic source:
- SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ON CONSUMER PRODUCTS (SCCP) -21 June 2005- SCCP/0891/05
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EEC test method B.5, Annex V of EEC Directive 84/449/EEC
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Mucous membrane irritation study of Benzoic acid was conducted in 3 female New Zealand albino rabbit to determine its effects on eyes.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Benzoic acid
- EC Number:
- 200-618-2
- EC Name:
- Benzoic acid
- Cas Number:
- 65-85-0
- Molecular formula:
- C7H6O2
- IUPAC Name:
- Benzoic Acid
- Test material form:
- solid
- Details on test material:
- Details on test material
- Name of test material : Benzoic acid
- Molecular formula : C7H6O2
- Molecular weight : 122.1224 g/mol
- Smiles notation : c1(ccccc1)C(=O)O
- InChl : 1S/C7H6O2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,8,9)
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material : Benzoic acid
- Molecular formula : C7H6O2
- Molecular weight : 122.1224 g/mol
- Smiles notation : c1(ccccc1)C(=O)O
- InChl : 1S/C7H6O2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,8,9)
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- other: New Zealand Albino
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- sex: female
Test system
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Controls:
- other: The untreated left eye was used as a control
- Amount / concentration applied:
- 77mg as a fine powder
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- single exposure
- Observation period (in vivo):
- immediately after dosing, 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours and 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment.
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 3(female)
- Details on study design:
- - Area of exposure: The test substance was poured into the right conjunctival sac.
SCORING SYSTEM: Draize score
Results and discussion
In vivo
Results
- Irritation parameter:
- overall irritation score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 1 hour
- Score:
- 35
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- probability of severe irritation
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- After 60 min, Animal 1 showed no reaction to light, with translucent corneal opacity and iridial injection. The other 2 also had slight corneal opacity. All 3 had moderate chemosis and slight conjunctival redness. The corneal opacity noted in the first animal increased to nacreous areas. This persisted for 72 h. The translucent areas of opacity persisted up to Day 21. In Animal 2, the slight corneal opacity also persisted up to Day 21, but was resolved in Animal 3 by Day 7. By Day 14, in Animal 1, the iridial injection was resolved but no reaction to light. Animal 2 showed iridial injection on Day 2. The slight conjunctival redness in all animals increased to severe with a white/grey discolouration. It persisted in Animals 1 and 2 up to Day 21 and in Animal 3 to Day 7. The chemosis decreased slowly. In Animals 1 and 2, it was not completely resolved by Day 21 but it was resolved in Animal 3 by Day 14. The animals did not show any symptoms of systemic intoxication.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 2 (irritating to eyes) based on GHS criteria
- Conclusions:
- After 60 min, Animal 1 showed no reaction to light, with translucent corneal opacity and iridial injection. All 3 rabbits had moderate chemosis and slight conjunctival redness. The rabbits did not show any symptoms of systemic intoxication.The estimated Draize score of 35 (60 min) is classed as severely irritating according to Kay and Calandra.
Based on these observations and score, Benzoic acid (CAS No: -65-85-0) was considered to be an eye irritant to the female New Zealand albino rabbit. - Executive summary:
Eye irritation study was carried out for Benzoic acid(CAS No: -65-85-0) in 3 female New Zealand albino rabbits. The study was performed in accordance with EEC test method B.5, Annex V of EEC Directive 84/449/EEC.
77 mg of Benzoic acid (as a fine powder) was instilled into the right conjunctival sac of 3 rabbits (single application). After application, the lids of the treated eye were held closed for approximately two seconds. The untreated left eye served as a control. The degree of eye irritation wasevaluated at immediately after dosing, 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours and 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment. The mean Draize scores were classified according to Kay and Calandra rating for eye irritation.
After 60 min, Animal 1 showed no reaction to light, with translucent corneal opacity and iridial injection. The other 2 also had slight corneal opacity. All 3 had moderate chemosis and slight conjunctival redness. The corneal opacity noted in the first animal increased to nacreous areas. This persisted for 72 h. The translucent areas of opacity persisted up to Day 21. In Animal 2, the slight corneal opacity also persisted up to Day 21, but was resolved in Animal 3 by Day 7. By Day 14, in Animal 1, the iridial injection was resolved but no reaction to light. Animal 2 showed iridial injection on Day 2. The slight conjunctival redness in all animals increased to severe with a white/grey discolouration. It persisted in Animals 1 and 2 up to Day 21 and in Animal 3 to Day 7. The chemosis decreased slowly. In Animals 1 and 2, it was not completely resolved by Day 21 but it was resolved in Animal 3 by Day 14. The animals did not show any symptoms of systemic intoxication.
The estimated Draize score of 35 (60 min) is classed as severely irritating according to Kay and Calandra.
Based on these observations and score, Benzoic acid (CAS No: -65-85-0) was considered to be an eye irritant to the female New Zealand albino rabbit.
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