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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 215-150-4 | CAS number: 1306-38-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other
- Type of information:
- other: occupational case report
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 1976-77
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Case sufficiently documented, with extensive examinations (including analytical electron microscopy on lungs)
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- [Pneumoconiosis due to cerium] (article in French)
- Author:
- Sinico M, Le Bouffant L, Paillas J, Fabre M, Trincard MD
- Year:
- 1 982
- Bibliographic source:
- Arch. Mal. Prof. 43(4): 249-252
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- [Pneumoconiosis and cerium] (article in French)
- Author:
- Le Magrex L, Jacquemin-Gaillot MJ, Raguenaud A
- Year:
- 1 979
- Bibliographic source:
- Arch. Mal. Prof. 40(1-2): 113-114
Materials and methods
- Study type:
- clinical case study
- Endpoint addressed:
- repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline required
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Reference substance 001
- Test material form:
- solid - liquid: suspension
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in case report): Cerium oxide (Cérox).
- Description: Cerium oxide in suspension in water with no apparent dust formation. Cerium oxide is mixed with small quantities of lanthanum and neodymium fluorides or phosphates.
Constituent 1
Method
- Subjects:
- - Number of subjects exposed: 1
- Sex: Female
- Age: 31 years old
- Race: Not specified
- Demographic information: Working as a glass polisher
- Known diseases: One episode of skin allergy following contact with soluble oils - Bronchitis
- Other: Smoker (one box of cigarettes per day)
- Subject did not use her personal protective equipment (clothes and gloves) while working - Route of exposure:
- inhalation
- Reason of exposure:
- intentional, occupational
- Exposure assessment:
- not specified
Results and discussion
- Clinical signs:
- Irritation cough in the morning, with slight dyspnea and asthenia
- Results of examinations:
- In this case reports, lung biopsy allowed to objectify multiple macrophage granuloma surrounding dusts which were identified as cerium oxide particles by analytical electron microscopy examination. The level of exposure was unknown. The clinical evolution was favorable following withdrawal of the patient from dust exposure and a corticotherapy, resulting in the regression of the X-ray lesions and the improvement of her general condition.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Clinical examination: normal
Tuberculosis intradermo-reaction : negative
On two samples of pulmonary biopsy:
- lesions of chronic interstitial pneumonia, alveolar collapsus and minimal granuloma (collection of macrophages)
- almost unmodified parenchyma with nodular collections of histiocytes, eosinophil polynuclear lymphocytes and large macrophagic cells containing numerous pigments corresponding to some of them to iron.
X-ray diffraction analysis and electron microscopy identified the pigments as cerium oxide.
Withdrawal from dust exposure and a corticotherapy resulted in the regression of the X-ray lesions and the improvement of the general condition of the patient.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- In this case reports, lung biopsy allowed to objectify multiple macrophage granuloma surrounding dusts which were identified as cerium oxide particles by analytical electron microscopy examination. The level of exposure was unknown. The clinical evolution was favorable following withdrawal of the patient from dust exposure and a corticotherapy, resulting in the regression of the X-ray lesions and the improvement of her general condition.
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