Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 231-105-1 | CAS number: 7439-96-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: peer reviewed journal
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from peer reviewed journal.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 11267 (Inhibition of Reproduction of Collembola by Soil Pollutants)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Application method:
- soil
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Test organisms (species):
- other: Enchytraeus crypticus
- Animal group:
- other: Haplotaxida
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Enchytraeids
- Feeding during test: twice a week
- Food type: oats - Study type:
- laboratory study
- Total exposure duration:
- 18 wk
- Test temperature:
- 22± 1°C
- pH (if soil or dung study):
- 5
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test medium: 4.3-L clear plastic boxes
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume:
34 x 20 x l 0 cm filled with
2 kg (dry mass) SSL soil.
- Aeration: Soil in the breeding culture was aerated by carefully mixing it once per week.
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): Four replicates
TEST MEDIUM
- Test medium: A natural soil, Sassafras sandy loam [Fine-loamy, siliceous, mesic Typic
Hapludult] (SSL)
- Source/preparation of dilution water
Source : collected from an open
grassland field on the property of the U.S. Army Aberdeen Proving Ground - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 100, 500, 1000, 5000 and 10000 mg/kg
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 30 mg/ kg 4-Nitrophenol
- Key result
- Duration:
- 18 wk
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 191 mg/kg soil ww
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 18 wk
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 267 mg/kg soil ww
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Details on results:
- The 18 weeks NOEC and LOEC value was determined to be 191 mg/kg and 267 mg/kg respectively.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The 18 weeks NOEC and LOEC value was determined to be 191 mg/kg and 267 mg/kg respectively.
- Executive summary:
Study was conducted to determine toxicity of test chemical to terrestrial arthropods in accordance with ISO 11267 (Inhibition of Reproduction of Collembola by Soil Pollutants) guideline at temperature of 22± 1°C and 5.0 pH. The study was performed on Enchytraeuscrypticus for 18 weeks. A natural soil, Sassafras sandy loam [Fine-loamy, siliceous, mesic typic Hapludult] (SSL) was used in this study to determine toxicity of test chemical.The SSL soil was collected from an open grassland field on the property of the U.S. Army Aberdeen Proving Ground.The soil was sieved through a 5mm2mesh screen and air-dried for at least 72h and mixed periodically to ensure uniform drying then passed through a 2-mm sieve and stored at room temperature before use in testing. Range finding test was performed at different nominal concentrations of 100, 500, 1000, 5000 and 10000 mg/ kg test chemical.30 mg/ kg of 4-Nitrophenol was used as positive control substance. Four replicates were used for each treatment concentration and controls.
Test organism were bred in 4.3-L clear plastic boxes of 34 x 20 x l 0 cm in length filled with 2 kg (dry mass) SSL soil.The culture was kept in an incubator at 22± l °C with continuous light. Aeration was achieved by careful mixing of soil once per week.Test organisms were fed approximately twice a week with a proper amount of ground oats spread on the soil surface. Test containers were placed randomly on trays and incubated at 21±1°C with continuous light cycle. The natural manganese concentration determined in the negative control treatment was 94 mg kg-1. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to identification and detection of test chemical. Analyses of test chemical concentrations were conducted using a Perkin-Elmer 5100 PC Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer equipped with an AS-90 auto-sampler. Test substance was extracted from soil using0.05MCaCl2with agitation on a reciprocating shaker for 24h. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the bounded No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) and Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) values for test organism. The 18 weeks NOEC and LOEC value was determined to be 191 mg/kg and 267 mg/kg respectively.
Reference
Table-1: Physical and chemical characteristics of Sassafras sandy loam soil analyzed by the Cooperative Extension Service, University of Maryland Soil Testing Laboratory, College Park, MD.
Soil parameters |
Sassafras Sandy Loam |
Sand% |
71 |
Silt% |
18 |
Clay% |
11 |
Texture% |
Sandy loam |
CEC cmol kg-1 |
4.27 |
Organic matter % |
1.2 |
Table- 2: Nominal manganese concentrations selected for definitive toxicity studies withE. crypticus,as determined from range finding tests.
Chemical |
Mn |
First positive concentration tested: |
|
1 |
10 |
2 |
18 |
3 |
31 |
4 |
54 |
5 |
94 |
6 |
164 |
7 |
287 |
8 |
503 |
Table- 3: Nominal and measured concentrations of metals in soil following a three-week aging/weathering procedure for total manganese amended individually in SSL soil. Measured concentrations were determined using USEPA Method 200.8 and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Nominal (mg/kg) |
Measured (mg/kg) |
Recovery (%) |
|
|
|
0 |
94 |
|
10 |
99 |
50** |
18 |
110 |
89 |
31 |
119 |
80 |
54 |
157 |
117 |
94 |
191 |
103 |
167 |
267 |
105 |
287 |
386 |
102 |
503 |
644 |
109 |
Table- 4: Ecotoxicological parameters (mg/ kg) for juvenile production determined in aged/weathered SSL soil independently amended with manganese using Enchytraeid Reproduction Test; parenthetical values are 95% confidence intervals.
Endpoint |
Manganese |
NOEC |
157 |
LOEC |
191 |
EC20 |
116(56-176) |
EC50 |
192 (147-238) |
Description of key information
The 18 weeks NOEC and LOEC value was determined to be 191 mg/kg and 267 mg/kg respectively.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Following different studies includes experimental study for the target chemical to observe the toxicity of test chemical to terrestrial arthropods as follows:
First study was conducted to determine toxicity of test chemical to terrestrial arthropods in accordance with ISO 11267 (Inhibition of Reproduction of Collembola by Soil Pollutants) guideline at temperature of 22± 1°C and 5.0 pH. The study was performed on Enchytraeuscrypticus for 18 weeks. A natural soil, Sassafras sandy loam [Fine-loamy, siliceous, mesic typic Hapludult] (SSL) was used in this study to determine toxicity of test chemical.The SSL soil was collected from an open grassland field on the property of the U.S. Army Aberdeen Proving Ground.The soil was sieved through a 5mm2mesh screen and air-dried for at least 72h and mixed periodically to ensure uniform drying then passed through a 2-mm sieve and stored at room temperature before use in testing. Range finding test was performed at different nominal concentrations of 100, 500, 1000, 5000 and 10000 mg/ kg test chemical.30 mg/ kg of 4-Nitrophenol was used as positive control substance. Four replicates were used for each treatment concentration and controls.
Test organism were bred in 4.3-L clear plastic boxes of 34 x 20 x l 0 cm in length filled with 2 kg (dry mass) SSL soil. The culture was kept in an incubator at 22± l °C with continuous light. Aeration was achieved by careful mixing of soil once per week. Test organisms were fed approximately twice a week with a proper amount of ground oats spread on the soil surface. Test containers were placed randomly on trays and incubated at 21±1°C with continuous light cycle. The natural manganese concentration determined in the negative control treatment was 94 mg kg-1. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to identification and detection of test chemical. Analyses of test chemical concentrations were conducted using a Perkin-Elmer 5100 PC Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer equipped with an AS-90 auto-sampler. Test substance was extracted from soil using0.05MCaCl2with agitation on a reciprocating shaker for 24h. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the bounded No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) and Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) values for test organism. The 18 weeks NOEC and LOEC value was determined to be 191 mg/kg and 267 mg/kg respectively.
Second study was conducted to determined the effect of test chemical on the mortality ofFolsomia candida (soil micro-organism).Test was conducted for 4 week. A natural soil, Sassafras sandy loamwas used in this study to assess the toxicity of test chemicals to F. candida.The soil was sieved through a 5mm2 Mesh screen, air-dried for at least 72 h and mixed periodically to ensure uniform drying, passed through a 2-mm sieve, and stored at room temperature before use in testing. This soil was 71 % sand, 18% silt, 11 % clay, a CEC of 4.27 crnol/kg, pH of 5.0 and an organic matter content of 1.2% The culture of micro-organism was maintained in culture jars on a mixture of charcoal and plaster of Paris in the dark at 20°C and fed withcattle manure spiked with Mn at 151.7 mg/kg. The positive control used in these studies was Prentox carbarnate(0.05 mg/kg) and the Concentrations for Mn were 100, 500, 1000, 5000 and 10000 mg kg-1.Five replicates were used for each treatment concentration and controls. Nominal Mn treatment concentrations included 0, 10, 18, 31, 54, 94, 164, 287, and 503 mg kg" 1. Ten-to-twelve day-old juveniles are exposed to a range of concentrations of the test chemical added to soil. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to identification and detection of test chemical. Analyses of test chemical concentrations were conducted using a Perkin-Elmer 5100 PC Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer equipped with an AS-90 auto-sampler. Test substance was extracted from soil using0.05MCaCl2with agitation on a reciprocating shaker for 24h. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the bounded No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) and Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) values for test organism. Manganese did not affect adult springtail survival at the 1667 mg/kg concentration (NOEC). Adult survival was significantly reduced at 2444 mg/kg (LOEC).The bounded NOEC for juvenile production was 1067 mg/kg and the bounded LOEC for juvenile production was 1100 mg/kg.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.