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EC number: 211-309-7 | CAS number: 637-92-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Dermal absorption
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- dermal absorption
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: QSAR, published in peer reviewed literature, adequate for assessment.
- Justification for type of information:
- QSAR prediction: migrated from IUCLID 5.6
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- A simple dermal absorption model: Derivation and application
- Author:
- ten Berge, W.
- Year:
- 2 009
- Bibliographic source:
- Chemosphere 75, 1440-1445
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Dermal absorption was predicted using a QSAR.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-ethoxy-2-methylpropane
- EC Number:
- 211-309-7
- EC Name:
- 2-ethoxy-2-methylpropane
- Cas Number:
- 637-92-3
- Molecular formula:
- C6H14O
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-ethoxy-2-methylpropane
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Percutaneous absorption
- Parameter:
- percentage
- Absorption:
- ca. 0.3 %
- Remarks on result:
- other: Permeability coefficient (Kp) = 0.0063 cm/hour
Any other information on results incl. tables
The model predicted a permeability coefficient of 0.0063 cm/hour.
Derivation of the initial dermal absorption
As is deduced in EHC 235 (2006), the following equation is true:
Kp= Km * D/h [1]
(Kpis the permeability coefficient; Kmis the pseudo-homogeneous partition, or distribution coefficient between the stratum corneum and the vehicle; D is the effective diffusion coefficient; h is the membrane thickness)
To derive the Kpfor the neat substance, the aqueous Kphas to be divided by the stratum corneum/water partition coefficient (Km). The Km(stratum corneum/water) for ETBE was calculated to be 3.12 by using the QSAR described by ten Berge (2009).
Since the aqueous Kpwas 0.0063 cm/hour, the Kpfor neat liquid is: 0.0063 / 3.12 = 0.0020 cm/hour.
To derive the initial absorption of neat ETBE, the Kpfor neat liquid has to be multiplied by the density. The density of ETBE is 750 mg/cm3.
Therefore the initial absorption of neat ETBE is 0.0020 cm/hour x 750 mg/cm3= 1.5 mg/cm2/hour
The above mentioned explanation can alternatively be expressed as follows:
Initial absorption (mg/cm2/hr) = rholiquid* (D/h) [2]
(rholiquidis the density of the liquid (mg/m3); D is the diffusion coefficient of the liquid in the stratum corneum (cm2/hr); h is the thickness of the stratum corneum)
D/h = Kp/Km [3]
(Kpis the permeability coefficient; Kmis the stratum corneum/water partition coefficient)
Substitution of equation 3 in 2 gives:
Initial absorption (mg/cm2/hr) = rholiquid* Kp/Km [4]
The density of ETBE is750 mg/cm3; the Kpand Kmwere determined to be 0.0063 cm/hour and 3.12, respectively.
As such, the initial absorption (mg/cm2/hr) = 750 * 0.0063/3.12 = 1.5 mg/cm2/hour
In conclusion, the initial absorption of neat ETBE is 1.5 mg/cm2/hour.
Correction for evaporation
Since ETBE is very volatile, a strong competition between evaporation and skin absorption will occur in case the skin is exposed to neat ETBE.
Based on the REACH Guidance appendix R14.1, it was calculated that the evaporation rate of ETBE is 602 mg/cm2/hour.
Therefore, of each dose of ETBE exposed to the skin 0.25% (1.5/602) is available for skin absorption because of the majority of the ETBE evaporates before absorption can occur.
As such, the percentage of dermal absorption of ETBE is assumed considered to be 0.25%. For the calculation of the dermal DNEL, a percentage of dermal absorption of 0.3% is used (which is worst case).
In conclusion, the percentage of dermal absorption of ETBE is 0.3%. This value is used for the calculation of the DNEL for dermal exposure.
References
EHC 235 Environmental Health Criteria 235: Dermal Absorption, World Health Organization 2006.
ten Berge W, 2009. A simple dermal absorption model: derivation and application. Chemosphere 75(11), 1440-5.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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