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EC number: 239-931-4 | CAS number: 15827-60-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in soil
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in soil: simulation testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Test type: soil degradation test.
20-unit biodegradation test using 14CO2 evolution to determine degree of biodegradation. Sterilised soils used as a control.
Two soil types - Meramec River bank and St. Charles ray-silt loam - were seived through a 2 mm screen and the water content adjusted with either distilled water or a dilute sodium azide solution (to approximate a sterile control).
Degradation units, each containing 20 g (dry-weight) soil, were spiked with either test substance or linear dodecylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) at a nominal level of 10 µg/g (for test substance, equivalent to 5 µg/g active acid). Each soil unit was sparged with CO2-free air and the off-gas passed through two scrubbers each containing 5 ml of the CO2 absorbent (monoethanolamine-ethylene glycol) monoethyl ether 1:7 (v/v) solution. Periodically, the first scrubber was removed, the second scrubber moved to position one and replaced with a fresh scrubber. The C-14 evolved was then measured by liquid scintillation counting using a Mark III Liquid Scintillation Spectrometer (Model 6880, Searle Analytic, Inc.). The percent C-14 evolved was calculated from the disintegrations per minute and the initial C-14 charged to each unit. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Test type:
- laboratory
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Soil classification:
- not specified
- Soil no.:
- #1
- Soil type:
- other: Meramec river bank
- % Org. C:
- 0.7
- pH:
- 7.7
- Soil no.:
- #2
- Soil type:
- other: St. Charles Ray Silt Loam
- % Org. C:
- 0.56
- pH:
- 7.05
- Details on soil characteristics:
- SOIL CHARACTERISTICS:
Source: St. Charles Ray-Silt Loam
pH: 7.05
% organic carbon: 0.56
Water content: 0.14 g/g (dry-weight basis)
Water Holding Capacity: 0.45 g/g
Source: Meramec River Bank Soil
pH: 7.70
% organic carbon: 0.70
Water content: 0.06 g/g (dry-weight basis)
Water Holding Capacity: 0.39 g/g - Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- radiochem. meas.
- Key result
- Soil No.:
- #1
- % Degr.:
- 64
- Parameter:
- radiochem. meas.
- Remarks:
- 14CO2 generation
- Sampling time:
- 148 d
- Transformation products:
- not measured
- Evaporation of parent compound:
- not measured
- Volatile metabolites:
- no
- Residues:
- not measured
- Results with reference substance:
- Linear dodecylbenzene sulfonate used as control substance.
- Conclusions:
- Biodegradation of 64% in a river bank soil and 62.6% in silt loam soil in a 148 d time period was determined in a reliable study conducted according to an appropriate test methodology.
Reference
Table 1. Degradation of test substance over 148 days in two soils in the presence and absence of sterilising agent
Day of exposure | Silt loam (microbial) | Silt loam (sterile) | River bank (microbial) | River bank (sterile) |
Day 2 | 18.60 | 12.79 | 15.89 | 1.81 |
Day 6 | 25.11 | 15.46 | 21.62 | 2.32 |
Day 12 | 30.38 | 17.00 | 26.24 | 2.60 |
Day 16 | 33.22 | 17.55 | 29.19 | 2.72 |
Day 21 | 36.00 | 17.97 | 32.93 | 2.82 |
Day 28 | 39.03 | 18.23 | 36.86 | 2.94 |
Day 35 | 41.75 | 18.45 | 40.65 | 3.01 |
Day 43 | 44.37 | 18.61 | 44.18 | 3.08 |
Day 58 | 48.64 | 18.83 | 49.50 | 3.20 |
Day 72 | 51.86 | 18.96 | 53.14 | 3.30 |
Day 86 | 54.60 | 19.04 | 56.01 | 3.37 |
Day 100 | 56.96 | 19.10 | 58.36 | 3.45 |
Day 114 | 58.88 | 19.14 | 60.30 | 3.51 |
Day 128 | 60.50 | 19.17 | 61.92 | 3.58 |
Day 148 | 62.55 | 19.23 | 63.97 | 3.67 |
Table 2. Degradation of LAS over 148 days in two soils in the presence and absence of sterilising agent
Day of exposure | Silt loam (microbial) | Silt loam (sterile) | River bank (microbial) | River bank (sterile) |
Day 2 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.05 | 0.02 |
Day 6 | 0.14 | 0.02 | 0.20 | 0.05 |
Day 12 | 2.20 | 0.05 | 1.90 | 0.08 |
Day 16 | 4.53 | 0.05 | 4.51 | 0.08 |
Day 21 | 7.69 | 0.05 | 9.20 | 0.08 |
Day 28 | 11.46 | 0.07 | 15.79 | 0.08 |
Day 35 | 15.68 | 0.07 | 24.02 | 0.08 |
Day 43 | 20.49 | 0.07 | 33.92 | 0.08 |
Day 58 | 29.44 | 0.07 | 51.04 | 0.08 |
Day 72 | 36.34 | 0.08 | 61.98 | 0.10 |
Day 86 | 41.92 | 0.08 | 68.46 | 0.10 |
Day 100 | 46.59 | 0.08 | 72.36 | 0.10 |
Day 114 | 50.41 | 0.08 | 74.86 | 0.10 |
Day 128 | 53.60 | 0.08 | 76.80 | 0.10 |
Day 148 | 56.97 | 0.10 | 79.12 | 0.15 |
The data suggest that no induction period is required before
degradation occurs.
The study report states that the
high C-14 evolution observed in the sterilised St.
Charles ray-silt loam soil samples is likely to be due to
the time required for the sodium azide sterilant to be
distributed throughout the soil.
Description of key information
Some biological degradation in soil takes place, as demonstrated by the higher level of removal in active soils (62-64% removal in 148 days compared to up to 19.2% removal in sterile control soil).
Although biodegradation in soil has not been demonstrated for DTPMP-H and its salts, the role of abiotic removal processes is significant. The key data for soil adsorption are from the study by Michael (undated) (refer to Section 5.4.1 for further information about this test). There is no evidence for desorption occurring. Effectively irreversible binding is entirely consistent with the known behaviour of complexation and binding within crystal lattices. The high levels of adsorption which occur are therefore a form of removal from the environment. After approximately 40-50 days, the phosphonate is >95% bound to sediment with only 5% extractable by ultrasonication and use of 0.25N HCl-xylene solvent (based on radiolabelling) in river and lake water microcosms. (Monsanto internal report, cited by Gledhill and Feijtel, 1992). 66-80% removal (binding) is seen after 11 days in the same test. In the context of the exposure assessment, largely irreversible binding is interpreted as a removal process; 5% remaining after 40 - 50 days is equivalent to a half-life of 10 days which is significant for the environmental exposure assessment in the regional and continental scales. This abiotic removal rate is used in the chemical safety assessment of DTPMP-H and its salts.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Half-life in soil:
- 10 d
- at the temperature of:
- 12 °C
Additional information
Biodegradation of 64% over 148 days in a river bank soil and 62.6% in silt loam soil over the same period was determined (Saeger et al., 1978). There are degradation modes operative in the environment which could prevent long-term persistence.
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