Tricalcium bis(orthophosphate)

Skin irritation / corrosion

Administrative data

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

The study was performed between 19 January 2010 and 25 January 2010

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2010

Report date:

2010

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EU Guideline Testing of Chemicals B46

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)

Version / remarks:

2015

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

The Department of Health of the Government of the United Kingdom

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Tricalcium bis(orthophosphate)

EC Number:

231-840-8

EC Name:

Tricalcium bis(orthophosphate)

Cas Number:

7758-87-4

Molecular formula:

Ca.2/3H3O4P

IUPAC Name:

tricalcium diphosphate

In vitro test system

Test system:

human skin model

Source species:

human

Cell type:

non-transformed keratinocytes

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on test system:

RECONSTRUCTED HUMAN EPIDERMIS (RHE) TISSUE
- Model used: EPISKIN(TM) Model Kit
- Tissue batch number(s): no data
- Production date: no data
- Shipping date: no data
- Delivery date: 19 January 2010
- Date of initiation of testing: 20 January 2010

TEMPERATURE USED FOR TEST SYSTEM
- Temperature used during treatment / exposure: room temperature
- Temperature of post-treatment incubation: 37°C

REMOVAL OF TEST MATERIAL AND CONTROLS
-Volume and number of washing steps: rinsing by filling and emptying each tissue insert for approximately 40 seconds at a constant stream of PBS
- Observable damage in the tissue due to washing: no data
- Modifications to validated SOP: no data

MTT DYE USED TO MEASURE TISSUE VIABILITY AFTER TREATMENT / EXPOSURE
- MTT concentration: 0.3 mg/mL
- Incubation time: 3 hours
- Spectrophotometer: Anthos 2001 microplate reader
- Wavelength: 540 nm
- Filter: without reference filter
- Linear OD range of spectrophotometer: no data

NUMBER OF REPLICATE TISSUES: 3

PREDICTION MODEL / DECISION CRITERIA (choose relevant statement)
- The test substance is considered to be irritant to skin if the viability after 15 minutes exposure period followed by the 42 hour post-exposure period is less than 50%.
- The test substance is considered to be non-irritant to skin if the viability after 15 minutes exposure period followed by the 42 hour post-exposure period is greater than or equal to 50%.

Control samples:

yes, concurrent negative control

yes, concurrent positive control

Amount/concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied: 10 ± 2 mg (epidermis was moistened with 5 µL sterile distilled water before treatment)

NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied: 10 µL PBS


POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied: 10 µL SDS
- Concentration: 5% w/v

Duration of treatment / exposure:

15 ± 0.5 minutes

Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):

42 hours

Number of replicates:

3

Results and discussion

In vitro

Results

Irritation / corrosion parameter:

% tissue viability

Run / experiment:

test material

Value:

100

Vehicle controls validity:

not applicable

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Other effects / acceptance of results:

- OTHER EFFECTS:
- Direct-MTT reduction: the test material did not directly reduce MTT

ACCEPTANCE OF RESULTS:
- Acceptance criteria met for negative control: yes
- Acceptance criteria met for positive control: yes
- Acceptance criteria met for variability between replicate measurements: yes

Any other information on results incl. tables

RESULTS

Direct MTT Reduction

The MTT solution containing the test material did not turn blue/purple which indicated that the test material did not directly reduce MTT.

Test Material, Positive Control Material and Negative Control Material

The individual and mean OD₅₄₀ values, standard deviations and tissue viabilities for the test material, negative control material and positive control material are given in Table 1. The mean viabilities and standard deviations of the test material and positive control, relative to the negative control are also given in Table 1.

The relative mean viability of the test material treated tissues was 100.0% after a 15 minute exposure.

The qualitative evaluation of tissue viability is given in Table 2.

Following the 15-minute exposure the test material treated tissues appeared blue/white which was considered indicative of viable tissue.

Quality Criteria

The relative mean tissue viability for the positive control treated tissues was ≤ 40% relative to the negative control treated tissues and the standard deviation value of the percentage viability was ≤ 20%. The positive control acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.

The mean OD₅₄₀ for the negative control treated tissues was ≥0.6 and the SD value of the percentage viability was ≤ 20%. The negative control acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.

Table1 : Mean OD₅₄₀ Values and Percentage Viabilities for the Negative Control Material, Positive Control Material and Test Material

Material	OD540of tissues	Mean OD540of triplicate tissues	±SDof OD540	Relative individual tissue viability (%)	Relative mean viability (%)	± SD of Relative mean viability (%)
Negative Control Material	0.787	0.825	0.054	95.4	100*	6.6
	0.887			107.5
	0.801			97.1
Positive Control Material	0.037	0.033	0.005	4.5	4.0	0.6
	0.034			4.1
	0.027			3.3
Test Material	0.790	0.825	0.040	95.8	100.0	4.8
	0.817			99.0
	0.869			105.3

SD=    Standard deviation

*=     The mean viability of the negative control tissues is set at 100%

Table2 : Qualitative Evaluation of Tissue Viability (MTT uptake visual evaluation)

Material	Tissue 1	Tissue 2	Tissue 3
Negative Control Material	-	-	-
Positive Control Material	++	++	++
Test Material	-	-	-

MTT visual scoring scheme
-          =         blue tissue (viable)
+         =         blue/white tissue (semi-viable)
++       =         tissue is completely white (dead)

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Conclusions:

The test material was considered to be Non-Irritant (NI).
This study is conducted according to an appropriate validated in vitro guideline and under the conditions of GLP and therefore the study is considered to be acceptable and to adequately satisfy both the guideline requirement and the regulatory requirement as a key study for this endpoint. In addition, the data is considered to be adequate and reliable for classification and labelling in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (EU CLP). Tricalcium bis(orthophosphate) is not considered to be classified in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (EU CLP).

Executive summary:

Introduction: The purpose of this test was to evaluate the skin irritation potential of the test material using the EPISKIN^TMreconstituted human epidermis model after a treatment period of 15 minutes followed by a post-exposure incubation period of 42 hours. The principle of the assay was based on the measurement of cytotoxicity in reconstituted human epidermal cultures following topical exposure to the test material by means of the colourimetric MTT reduction assay. Cell viability is measured by enzymatic reduction of the yellow MTT tetrazolium salt (3 -[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) to a blue formazan salt (within the mitochondria of viable cells) in the test material treated tissues relative to the negative controls. The concentration of the inflammatory mediator IL-1α in the culture medium retained following the 42 hour post-exposure incubation period is also determined for test materials which are found to be borderline non-irritant based upon the MTT reduction endpoint. This complimentary end-point will be used to either confirm a non-irritant result or will be used to override the non-irritant result.

Methods:

Triplicate tissues were treated with the test material for an exposure period of 15 minutes. At the end of the exposure period each tissue was rinsed before incubating for approximately 42 hours. At the end of the post-exposure incubation period each tissue was taken for MTT-loading. The maintenance medium from beneath each tissue was transferred to pre-labelled micro tubes and stored in a freezer for possible inflammatory mediator determination. After MTT loading a total biopsy of each epidermis was made and placed into micro tubes containing acidified isopropanol for extraction of formazan crystals out of the MTT-loaded tissues. 

At the end of the formazan extraction period each tube was mixed thoroughly and duplicate 200 µl samples were transferred to the appropriate wells of a pre-labelled 96 -well plate. The optical density was measured at 540 nm.

Data are presented in the form of percentage viability (MTT reduction in the test material treated tissues relative to negative control tissues).

Results: 

The relative mean viability of the test material treated tissues was 100.0% after a 15-minute exposure.

Quality criteria: 

The quality criteria required for acceptance of results in the test were satisfied.

Conclusion:  The test material was considered to be Non-Irritant (NI).