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EC number: 201-853-3 | CAS number: 88-72-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Carcinogenicity
Administrative data
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Justification for classification or non-classification
Harmonised classification:
The substance is classified in Category 1B (H350 ) according to the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP).
Additional information
EU Risk Assessment 2008:
Only a long-term feed carcinogenicity study in rodents was available (NTP, 2002), performed in essence according to OECD guideline 451 and GLP compliant, and therefore considered adequate for risk assessment. There was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of 2-nitrotoluene in rats, based on increased incidences of malignant mesothelioma, subcutaneous skin neoplasms, mammary gland fibroadenoma and liver neoplasms in males and increased incidences of subcutaneous skin neoplasms and mammary gland fibroadenoma in females. The increased incidences of lung neoplasms in males and of hepatocellular adenoma in females were also considered to be exposure related. Malignant mesotheliomas occurred with incidences of 33%, 48% and 73% in the 625, 1250 and 2000 ppm core study male rat groups, respectively. The incidences of malignant mesotheliomas were 73% and 90% in the 2000 and 5000 ppm stop-exposure male rat groups. The incidence of mesothelioma was higher in the 2000 stop-exposure group than in the 625 ppm even though the latter group received approximately 50% more total exposure to 2-nitrotoluene. The incidences of mesotheliomas were similar in the 2000 ppm core study and stop-exposure groups of male rats. Thus, critical events leading to mesothelioma occurred early in the study, and this damage was irreversible. The molecular patogenesis of mesotheliomas is not well understood. Decreased incidences of mononuclear cell leukaemia and of testicular interstitial cell adenoma in exposed groups were related to splenic and testicular toxicity, respectively. There was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of 2-nitrotoluene in male and female mice based on increased incidences of hemangiosarcoma, carcinoma of the large intestine (cecum), and hepatocellular neoplasms (females only because males died early due to the development of hemangiosarcomas). The occurrence of p53 or ß¿catenin mutations in 2-nitrotoluene induced hemangiosarcomas, but not in spontaneous hemangiosarcomas, suggest that the pathways leading to 2-nitrotoluene-induced cancer differ from the pathways in spontaneous hemangiosarcomas. No 2-nitrotoluene epidemiology studies on carcinogenesis have been reported in the literature. However, according to Ward et al., 1991 (cited in NTP, 2002) excess cancers have been found in workers exposed to a related chemical, o-toluidine. In summary, there is a good evidence of an increase in tumour incidence at multiple sites in both rats and mice. There is also evidence that time to onset is very short. These observations are consistent with genotoxic aetiology, which is consistent with the findings from the genotoxicity studies.
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