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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 430-750-8 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1998-11-26 to 1999-02-15
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: No concentrations in excess of the water solubility limit of the test substance were tested. Due to the low solubility of the test substance in test water the following dosage was chosen: A supersaturated stock suspension of the test substance with a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L was prepared by weighing an adequate amount of the test substance into test water. No auxiliary solvent or emulsifier was used. The test substance was mixed into the test water as homogeneously as possible by ultrasonic treatment for 15 minutes and intense stirring. The supersaturated stock suspension was stirred on a magnetic stirrer at room temperature in the dark over 27 hours. Due to the results of a pre-experiment no differences of dissolved amount of test substance in test water were determined after stirring periods between 2 and 48 hours. The stock suspension of the test substance was filtered through a cellulose-nitrate filter with a defined pore size of 0.2 µm just before the start of the test. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Source: supplied 1997 by the Umweltbundesamt, Institut für Wasser-, Boden- und Lufthygiene, Berlin, Germany.
- Age at study initiation: 6 - 22 hours old
- Method of breeding: The Daphnia are bred in the laboratories of IBACON under similar temperature and light conditions as in the test, and in reconstituted water of a similar quality regarding to pH, components of the main ions and total hardness as the test water used in the test. The test organisms were not first brood progeny.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: for 6 hours
- Acclimation conditions: test conditions - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No
- Hardness:
- Not specified
- Test temperature:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 7.7 to 8.0
- Dissolved oxygen:
- at least 7.9 mg/L
- Salinity:
- Not applicable
- Conductivity:
- Not specified
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 100 mg/L (nominal concentration)
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Glass beakers of 100 mL volume with 50 m L test medium
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10 animals per vessel
- No. of vessels per concentration: two replicates
- No. of vessels per control: two replicates
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- in accordance to the guideline
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 h light: 8 h dark
- Light intensity: 1120 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
The immobility or mortality of the Daphnia was determined by visual controls after 24 and 48 hours. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- After 24 and 48 hours in the control and in the undiluted filtrate of the supersaturated stock suspension no mortality or immobilization of the test animals was observed.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Not applicable (limit test).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The test item shows no toxic effects up to a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L after 48 hours of exposure.
- Executive summary:
A limit test was performed to demonstrate that the test substance has no toxic effect on Daphnia up to the solubility limit of the test substance in the used test water. After 24 and 48 hours in the control and in the undiluted filtrate of the supersaturated stock suspension no mortality or immobilization of the test animals was observed. Therefore, the 48-hour NOEC, respectively the 48-hour EC 0 of UREA 4 to Daphnia magna were determined to be at least up to the solubility limit of the test substance in test water. The NOEC and the EC 0 might even be higher than the solubility limit, but concentrations in excess of the solubility limit have not been tested. The 48- hour EC 50 was clearly higher than the solubility limit of the test substance in the used test water. This value could not be quantified due to the absence of toxicity of UREA 4 up to the tested concentration.
Reference
Description of key information
The acute toxicity to aquatic invertebrates was assessed with Daphnids exposed under static conditions to a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L. The LC50 was calculated to be > 100 mg/L (limit concentration).
The NOEC was greater or equal 100 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
A limit test was performed according to EU-method C.2 and OECD guideline 202 to demonstrate that the test substance has no toxic effect on Daphnia up to the solubility limit of the test substance in the used test water. After 24 and 48 hours in the control and in the undiluted filtrate of the supersaturated stock suspension no mortality or immobilization of the test animals was observed. Therefore, the 48-hour NOEC, respectively the 48-hour EC 0 of UREA 4 to Daphnia magna were determined to be at least up to the solubility limit of the test substance in test water. The NOEC and the EC 0 might even be higher than the solubility limit, but concentrations in excess of the solubility limit have not been tested. The 48- hour EC 50 was clearly higher than the solubility limit of the test substance in the used test water. This value could not be quantified due to the absence of toxicity of UREA 4 up to the tested concentration.
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