2-Butanone, 1,1,1,3,4,4,4-heptafluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Repeat-dose oral and inhalation toxicity studies have been conducted on CAS# 756-12-7.  The results of the studies are: 
A 5 day inhalation study resulted in a repeat inhalation LC50 greater than 5,000 ppm.
A 28 day inhalation study resulted in a NOAEC of 3,000 ppm

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - systemic effects

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

sub-chronic toxicity: inhalation

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

22 March 2011 to 04 October 2011

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study conducted under GLP conditions.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 412 (Subacute Inhalation Toxicity: 28-Day Study)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Limit test:

yes

Species:

rat

Strain:

other: Sprague Dawley Crl:CD(SD)

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Raleigh, NC, USA
- Age at study initiation: Approx. 39 days old
- Weight at study initiation:
- Fasting period before study: None
- Housing: Individually in suspended cages.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Certified Rodent LabDiet 5002 (meal) (PMI Nutrition International, LLC) provided ad libitum.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Reverse osmosis treated water provided ad libitum.
- Acclimation period: 19 days previous to treatment.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 21.3-22
- Humidity (%): 42.8-52.8
- Air changes (per hr): 10
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light):12/12
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 22 March 2011 To: 20 May 2011

Route of administration:

inhalation: vapour

Type of inhalation exposure:

whole body

Vehicle:

other: Air

Details on inhalation exposure:

GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: 1000 L stainless steel and glass whole-body inhalation exposure chamber. One chamber for each group
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: Animals were placed into exposure caging and placed into the chamber in the cage.
- Source and rate of air: HEPA and charcoal-filtered, temperature and humidity-controleed source.
- Method of conditioning air:
- System of generating particulates/aerosols: Vapor was generated by releasing test substance vapor from the orignial cylinder, heated to approximately 35 degrees Celsius.
- Temperature: 21.3-22 degrees Celsius.
-Humidity: 42.8-52.8% humidity
- Air flow rate:
- Air change rate: At least 12 to 15 air changes per hour.
- Treatment of exhaust air: HEPA and charcoal filter.
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: Determined using a gas chromatogram. Samples collected from animal-breathing zone. Concentration in parts per million was calculated.
- Samples taken from breathing zone: yes

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

yes

Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

Exposure concentrations were analyzed at 35-minute intervals using a gas chromatogram. Samples were collected from the approximate animal-breathing zone.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

6 hours a day

Frequency of treatment:

5 days a week, for 4 weeks.

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
500, 1000, 3000 ppm
Basis:
analytical conc.

No. of animals per sex per dose:

10

Control animals:

yes, concurrent no treatment

Details on study design:

- Dose selection rationale: Based on results from a previous actue inhalation study conducted at 10,000 and 20,000 ppm.
- Rationale for selecting satellite groups:
- Post-exposure recovery period in satellite groups: 2 week recovery period.

Observations and examinations performed and frequency:

CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: Daily, once in the morning and once in the afternoon.

DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: Prior to exposure, during exposure (midpoint), and 0 to 1 hour following exposure.
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: Recorded approximately weekly throughout the study starting during the pretest period.
FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if feeding study):
- Food consumption was recorded approximately weekly.
WATER CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if drinking water study): No
- Time schedule for examinations:
OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: No
- Time schedule for examinations:
- Dose groups that were examined:
HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: At primary necropsy (study day 26).
- Anaesthetic used for blood collection: Yes, isoflurane
- Animals fasted: Yes
- How many animals: 10 animals/sex/main study group and < or equal to 5 animals/sex in the control and 3000 ppm groups.
- Parameters checked in table appendix K were examined.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: At primary necropsy (study day 26).
- Animals fasted: Yes
- How many animals:10 animals/sex/main study group and < or equal to 5 animals/sex in the control and 3000 ppm groups.
- Parameters checked in table appendix K were examined.
URINALYSIS: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of urine: At primary necropsy
- Metabolism cages used for collection of urine:No data
- Animals fasted: Yes
- Parameters checked in appendix K were examined.
NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: Prior to the initiation of exposure and during study week 3 (following 20 exposures.
- Dose groups that were examined: All
- Battery of functions tested: sensory activity / grip strength / motor activity /

Sacrifice and pathology:

GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes, Appendix K
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes, Appendix K

Clinical signs:

effects observed, treatment-related

Mortality:

mortality observed, treatment-related

Body weight and weight changes:

no effects observed

Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):

no effects observed

Food efficiency:

not examined

Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):

not examined

Ophthalmological findings:

not examined

Haematological findings:

no effects observed

Clinical biochemistry findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Urinalysis findings:

no effects observed

Behaviour (functional findings):

no effects observed

Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:

effects observed, treatment-related

Gross pathological findings:

no effects observed

Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:

not examined

Histopathological findings: neoplastic:

not examined

Details on results:

CLINICAL SIGNS AND MORTALITY: No mortality occured. Yellow and/or red material on various body surfaces were noted in the 500, 1000, and 3000 ppm main study and satellite groups.
BODY WEIGHT AND WEIGHT GAIN: No treatment related effects.
FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if feeding study): No effects.
HAEMATOLOGY: No effects.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Lower globulin and glucose levels with corresponding higher albumin/globulin (A/G) ratios noted in the 500, 1000, and 3000 ppm group males and females.
URINALYSIS: No effects.
NEUROBEHAVIOUR: No effects.
ORGAN WEIGHTS: Higher lung weights were noted in the 3000 ppm main study group at the primary necropsy and correlated with microscopic alteration of increased alveolar macrophages, increased BALT, and perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrates at 500 ppm and greater. Laryngeal epithelial degeneration at 3000 ppm and cecal hyperplasia at 500 ppm or greater were also noted. Lung and cecal alterations were partially recovered on study day 40, and the laryngeal alteration was fully recovered.
GROSS PATHOLOGY: No effects.

Dose descriptor:

NOAEC

Effect level:

ca. 3 000 ppm (analytical)

Sex:

male/female

Basis for effect level:

other: overall effects

Critical effects observed:

not specified

Conclusions:

Tthe No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Concentration (NOAEC) was 3000 ppm of the test article in male and female rats exposed by whole-body inhalation for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week, for 4 weeks based on the reversibility of the test article-related effects.

Executive summary:

The inhalation (vapor) toxicity potential of the test article (clear and colorless liquid, purity 99.98%) was evaluated in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats via whole-body inhalation for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week, for 4 weeks (20 total exposures). This study was performed in compliance with EPA GLP 40 CFR Part 792 (1989), OECD GLP C97 186 (1997), and Japanese MAFF GLP No. 3850 (1984). The study design was based on OECD Guideline 412 (2009). Main phase rats (10/sex/group) were exposed to filtered air (control) or filtered air containing 500 ppm, 1000 ppm, or 3000 ppm of the test article (equivalent doses were 5.44 mg/L, 10.88 mg/L, and 32.64 mg/L respectively), for 6 hour exposures, 5 days per week for 4 weeks (20 total exposures). Recovery rats (5/sex/group) were exposed to filtered air or 3000 ppm of the test article in the same manner to be followed for a 2 week recovery period after the exposure period. Satellite rats (5/sex/group) were exposed at 500 ppm, 1000 ppm, or 3000 ppm of the test article in the same manner as main phase rats. In all study animals, detailed physical examinations were preformed weekly, clinical observations were recorded daily, and body weights and food consumption were recorded weekly. A functional observational battery and motor activity tests were performed in all animals except the satellite rats at weeks 3 and 5 of the study. Main phase animals were necropsied on Day 26 and selected tissues were examined microscopically. In the satellite animals, necropsies were performed on Day 26 of the study and livers were collected for a peroxisome proliferation assay (PPAR). Necropsies were performed on the recovery group rats following the two week recovery period and selected tissues were examined microscopically. All animals survived. Test substance-related observations of yellow and/or red material on the body surface were noted in the 500, 1000, and 3000 ppm main study and satellite groups of animals. Test substance-related effects on serum chemistry parameters included lower globulin and glucose levels with corresponding higher albumin/globulin rations noted in 500, 1000, and 3000 ppm group male and female rats. These changes were considered non-adverse due to the small magnitude of the change being within historical parameters. Lung weights were higher in the 3000 ppm main study group at primary necropsy and correlated with increased alveolar macrophages, increased bronchial/bronchiolar associated lymphoid tissue (BALT), and perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrates at greater than or equal to 500 ppm. Laryngeal epithelial degeneration at 3000 ppm and cecal hyperplasia at greater than or equal to 500 ppm were observed. The lung and cecal alterations were found to be partially recovered on study day 40, and the laryngeal alteration was fully recovered. There also appeared to be a small sex difference in the rate of B-oxidation, but it did not appear to significantly induce peroxisomal proliferation. There were no toxicologically relevant changes in body weights, food consumption, FOB, hematology, coagulation or urinalysis parameters. In the female, the ovaries, uterus, cervix, and vagina were microscopically evaluated for changes in the estrous cycle, and a high incidence of diestrus was observed in the 3000 ppm group. All these tissues appeared normal, and consequently, the incidence of diestrus was considered normal. All other organs (weights and macroscopic observations) evaluated were considered to be not affected by the test substance. Based on the results of the study, the No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Concentration (NOAEC) was 3000 ppm of the test article in male and female rats exposed by whole-body inhalation for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week, for 4 weeks based on the reversibility of the test article-related effects.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term repeated dose toxicity: inhalation

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

07 December 2009 to 11 December 2009

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study not conducted under GLP conditions, but followed sound scientific methods.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Conducted according to custom 3M protocol

Principles of method if other than guideline:

4 male rats were whole body exposed to the test article at 5,000 ppm (v/v) for 6 hours per day on five consecutive days. Clinical observations were recorded continuously during each exposure. Gross necropsies were conducted immediately after the last exposure on day 5.

GLP compliance:

no

Limit test:

yes

Species:

rat

Strain:

Sprague-Dawley

Sex:

male

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Harlan
- Age at study initiation: 6-8 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 191-199 grams
- Fasting period before study:No data
- Housing: All animals were double-housed in standard solid bottom cages after each exposure.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): harlan Teklad Rat/Mouse 2018 Diet (Harlan Teklad, Madison, WI) ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Tap water ad libitum
- Acclimation period: No data
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20.6-23.9
- Humidity (%): 30-70
- Air changes (per hr): 10
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 07 December 2009 To: 11 December 2009

Route of administration:

inhalation: vapour

Type of inhalation exposure:

whole body

Vehicle:

other: unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on inhalation exposure:

GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: 40 liter test chamber
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: No data
- Source and rate of air: No data
- Method of conditioning air: No data
- System of generating particulates/aerosols:
- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber: Temp: 20.6-23.9 degrees Celsius, Humidity: 37-93%

TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: No data
- Samples taken from breathing zone: No data

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

not specified

Duration of treatment / exposure:

6 hour exposure once daily, for 5 consecutive days

Frequency of treatment:

Daily for 5 consecutive days.

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
5000 ppm (v/v)
Basis:
nominal conc.

No. of animals per sex per dose:

4 male rats were dosed at 5000 ppm

Control animals:

yes, concurrent no treatment

Details on study design:

- Dose selection rationale: 4 hour acute inhalation LC50 was found to be > 10000 ppm in a previous study.

Observations and examinations performed and frequency:

CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: Continuously during exposure..
DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS No data
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: Prior to exposure each day
OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: No
HAEMATOLOGY: No
-CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: At necropsy
- Animals fasted: No data
- How many animals: 8 males (4 treatment, 4 control)
URINALYSIS: No
NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: No

Sacrifice and pathology:

GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes
HISTOPATHOLOGY: No

Statistics:

A Student's T-Test was used to calculate statistical significance between control and test animal data

Clinical signs:

no effects observed

Mortality:

no mortality observed

Body weight and weight changes:

effects observed, treatment-related

Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):

not examined

Food efficiency:

not examined

Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):

not examined

Ophthalmological findings:

not examined

Haematological findings:

not examined

Clinical biochemistry findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Urinalysis findings:

not examined

Behaviour (functional findings):

not examined

Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:

effects observed, treatment-related

Gross pathological findings:

no effects observed

Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:

not examined

Histopathological findings: neoplastic:

not examined

Details on results:

CLINICAL SIGNS AND MORTALITY: No abnormal clinical signs or mortality occurred.
BODY WEIGHT AND WEIGHT GAIN: Treated animals had lower mean body weight gain.
FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if feeding study)
FOOD EFFICIENCY
WATER CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if drinking water study)
OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION
HAEMATOLOGY
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Treated rats had statistically significantly higher albumin, sodium, and A/G ratios while serum cholesterol, calcium, chloride, LDH, and globulin results were statistically significantly lower than controls.
URINALYSIS
NEUROBEHAVIOUR
ORGAN WEIGHTS: Treated rats had higher mean liver weights than controls

Dose descriptor:

other: 5 Day Inhalation LC50

Effect level:

> 5 000 ppm

Sex:

male

Basis for effect level:

other: No mortality occurred during the study.

Critical effects observed:

not specified

Conclusions:

Based on the results of this study, the 5-day repeat inhalation LC50 of the test article is greater than 5,000 ppm.

Executive summary:

This study evaluated the inhalation toxicity potential of the test article (supplied as liquid, 99.67% pure) in male Sprague-Dawley rats after 5 daily whole body repeat inhalation exposures. This study was performed according to a custom 3M protocol and was not intended to comply with GLP guidelines. Rats (4 males) were exposed whole body to the test article at atmospheric concentrations of 5,000 ppm (v/v) for 6 hours per day on five consecutive days. Clinical observations were recorded continuously during each exposure period. Gross necropsies were conducted immediately after the last exposure on Day 5. Blood chemistry analysis was performed on serum samples. No abnormalities were noted in any of the animals during the study. All animals were active and appeared normal after removal from the chamber at the end of each exposure. Compared to controls, test article-treated rats had statistically significant increases in the following serum chemistry values: albumin, sodium, and A/G ratio; there were statistically significant decreases in cholesterol, calcium, chloride, LDH, and globulin. The test article-treated rats, when compared to control rats, had lower mean body weight gain and higher mean liver weights. Although there were evidences of changes in calcium, sodium, and chloride levels in serum, however, there was no change in kidney weights and there is no other indication of kidney toxicity. Based on the results of this study, the 5-day repeat inhalation LC50 of the test article is greater than 5,000 ppm.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed

Justification for classification or non-classification

The results of these tests do not meet the requirement to classify CAS# 756-12-7 as dangerous.