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The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 941-122-2 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 014
- Report date:
- 2014
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 437 (Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method for Identifying Ocular Corrosives and Severe Irritants)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Reaction mass of 2,6-dimethylpyridinium chloride and 3-methylpyridinium chloride and 4-methylpyridinium chloride
- EC Number:
- 941-122-2
- Molecular formula:
- not yet assigned
- IUPAC Name:
- Reaction mass of 2,6-dimethylpyridinium chloride and 3-methylpyridinium chloride and 4-methylpyridinium chloride
- Test material form:
- semi-solid (amorphous): gel
- Remarks:
- migrated information: paste
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- other: cattle eyes
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- On the test day, fresh eyes were collected from the slaughterhouse and were transported in HBSS containing Pen/Strep on ice to the laboratories.
Immediately after arrival of the eyes, cornea preparation was initiated. The eyes were carefully examined for defects and any defective eyes were discarded.
Test system
- Vehicle:
- physiological saline
- Controls:
- yes
- Amount / concentration applied:
- The test item was suspended with physiological saline 0.9% NaCl (see 10.3) to gain a 20% concentration.
750 μL of the test item preparation or the control substance was introduced into the anterior chamber (closed-chamber method). - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- After 4 hours incubation at 32 °C either the test substance or the control substance was removed and the epithelium washed at least three times with MEM (containing phenol red).
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 3 corneas for the test item
3 corneas as negative controls treated with physiological saline 0.9% NaCl
3 corneas as positive control treated with imidazole 20% in physiological saline 0.9% NaCl - Details on study design:
- After the equilibration period, the medium was removed from both chambers and replaced with fresh Complete RPMI. An initial opacity measurement was performed on each of the corneas using an opacitometer (MC2, Clermont, France). Three corneas with opacity readings approximately equivalent to the median opacity of all corneas were selected as negative-control corneas. The opacity of each cornea was read against an air-filled chamber and recorded. Corneas that have an initial opacity reading above 7 units were not dosed. The medium was removed from the anterior chamber and replaced with the test item or control.
The test item preparation or the control substance was introduced into the anterior chamber (closed-chamber method). After 4 hours ± 5 minutes incubation at 32 °C either the test substance or the control substance was removed and the epithelium washed at least three times with MEM (containing phenol red). Once the medium was free of test substance, the cornea was finally rinsed with complete RPMI (without phenol red). The anterior chamber was refilled with complete RPMI and an opacity measurement was performed.
After the opacity measurement the medium was removed from both chambers of the holder. The posterior chamber was refilled with fresh complete RPMI. Sodium fluorescein solution was added to the anterior chamber and the corneas were incubated for 90 minutes at 32 °C. Then the medium from the posterior chamber was removed and its optical density at 490 nm (OD490) was determined, using a spectrophotometer.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Results
- Irritation parameter:
- other: in vitro irritation score
- Basis:
- mean
- Score:
- 196.34
- Remarks on result:
- other: The eye irritancy potential of Pyridine derivative 1 was investigated in the bovine corneal opacity and permeability assay.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 1 (irreversible effects on the eye) based on GHS criteria
- Remarks:
- Migrated information
- Conclusions:
- The following mean in vitro irritation score was calculated: 196.34
Therefore the test item is classified as corrosive / severe irritant to the eye (UN GHS Category 1).
The in vitro irritation score obtained with the positive control fell within the two standard deviations of the current historical mean and therefore this assay is considered to be valid.
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