Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 200-842-0 | CAS number: 75-12-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1988, Mar 02-04
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions (exposure concentrations in the test and the stability of formamide were not confirmed by analysis)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- as outlined in Directive 79/831/EEC, Annex V, Part C
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Source: Originally: Institut Nationalde Recherche Chimique Applique, France. Cultured since 1978 in BASF AG laboratories.
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 2-24 h - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- 2.47 mmol/L
- Test temperature:
- 19-21 °C
- pH:
- 7.7-8.3
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.40-9.46 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0 (control), 62.5, 125, 250, 500 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: test tubes with flat bottom
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, nominal volume 20 mL
- Test volume: 10 mL
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: 2 mL/animal
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: source: tap water;
pretreatment steps: (1) 6 µm- and charcoal-filtration; (2) H2SO4 was added to reduce alkalinity up to pH 4.3; (3) distilled water was added to reduce water-hardness; (4) water was aerated (oil-free air) until saturated with oxygen; (5) water was stored for at least 24 h for stabilization.
- Ca/mg ratio: 4:1
- Na/K ratio: 1:10
- Conductivity: 550-650 µS/cm
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH:
- Photoperiod: artificial diffuse light, day/night rhythm = 16/8 h
- Light intensity: ca. 1-8 µE/m2s at a wave length of 400-750 nm
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : swimming ability, pH, oxygen; visually after 0, 3, 6, 24 and 48 hours
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2 - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- >= 500 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 500 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- > 500 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Methods to determine EC-values after 48 h:
- EC50: according to Spearman-Kaerber (Sachs L, 1974)
- EC0: highest concentration tested at which <= 10 % of the animals were immobile
- EC100: lowest tested concentration at which 100 % of the animals were immobile
(Sachs L (1974). Angewandte Statistik, 4th edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin) - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Since the substance is hydrolytically stable and has no potential for evaporation, the study is acceptable for assessment although the substance concentrations were not verified by analytical monitoring. The EC0, EC50 and EC100 were all greater than 500 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Acute toxicity study with a marine gammarid
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: prepared from cleaned, natural seawater and from concentrated stock solution containing the test substance
- Controls: natural seawater - Test organisms (species):
- other aquatic crustacea: Chaetogammarus marinus
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Chaetogammarus marinus (a marine gammarid)
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 5 mm +- 1
- Valve height at study initiation, for shell deposition study (mean and range, SD):
- Peripheral shell growth removed prior to test initiation:
- Method of breeding: Test animals grown in a laboratory culture in seawater
- Feeding during test
- Food type: small pieces of Fucus spec. and/or Tetramin were added to each beaker to prevent cannibalism - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- saltwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Test temperature:
- 15°C
- pH:
- 7.8-8.3
- Salinity:
- 2.8%
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0 (control), 1000, 1800, 3200, 5600, and 10000 mg/L (nominal)
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: beaker covered with a watch glass
- Material, size, fill volume: glass, 1 L
- Aeration: none
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency): once a day
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
- Biomass loading rate: 1 animal/100 mL
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : The pH and O2 content of the fresh and spent solutions was measured.
After 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, the dead animals were counted and removed, and the condition of the survivors was compared with that of the control
animals in the controls by visual estimation. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- morphology
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 19 031 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- - LC50 values and their confidence intervals were calculated by a parametric model (Kooijman, 1981)
Kooijman SALM (1981) Parametric analyses of mortality rates in bio-assays. Water Res. 15, 107-119 - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Conclusions:
- Since the substance is hydrolytically stable and has no potential for evaporation, the study is acceptable for assessment although the substance concentrations were not verified by analytical monitoring. The NOEC and the EC50 at 48 hours were greater than 1000 mg/L.
Referenceopen allclose all
Mobile daphnids after 48 h of exposure
Nominal concentration |
Mobile daphnids (48 h) |
Control |
20 |
62.5 |
20 |
125 |
20 |
250 |
20 |
500 |
20 |
pH values
Nominal concentration |
pH (at start of test) |
pH (at end of test) |
Control |
8.05 |
7.98 |
62.5 |
7.85 |
7.99 |
125 |
7.84 |
7.98 |
250 |
7.85 |
7.97 |
500 |
7.85 |
7.88 |
Oxygen content
Nominal concentration |
Oxygen (at start of test) |
Oxygen (at end of test) |
Control |
9.46 |
8.68 |
62.5 |
9.38 |
8.64 |
125 |
9.29 |
8.63 |
250 |
9.22 |
8.59 |
500 |
9.46 |
8.40 |
Effect values after 24 h:
EC0 = 500 mg/L
EC50 > 500 mg/L
EC100 > 500 mg/L
Effect values related to nominal concentrations):
Time (h) |
LC50 (mg/L) |
Confidence intervals (mg/L) |
24 |
10000 |
|
48 |
25324 |
4147-154662 |
72 |
19031 |
7009-51672 |
96 |
19031 |
7009-51672 |
NOEC (96 h) = 1000 mg/L (visual estimation of test animal
condition)
Description of key information
The substance is not acutely harmful to aquatic invertebrates (both freshwater and marine)
Based on nominal concentrations, the 48 hour NOEC and EC50 for acute effects in Daphnia magna was >500 mg/L (Key 1 study).
Another study in the marine gamarid Chaetogammarus marinus demonstrated an EC50 (96h) value of 19031 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect concentration:
- > 500 mg/L
Marine water invertebrates
Marine water invertebrates
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect concentration:
- 19 031 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.