4-chlorobenzoic acid

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

Administrative data

Endpoint:

in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1992

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Salmonella mutagenicity tests: V Results from the testing of 311 chemicals.

Author:

Zeiger, E., Anderson, B., Haworth, S., Lawlor, T., Mortelmans, K.

Year:

1992

Bibliographic source:

Environ. Molec. Mutagen. 19, Suppl 21, 2-141

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of assay:

bacterial reverse mutation assay

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

4-chlorobenzoic acid

EC Number:

200-805-9

EC Name:

4-chlorobenzoic acid

Cas Number:

74-11-3

Molecular formula:

C7H5ClO2

IUPAC Name:

4-chlorobenzoic acid

Details on test material:

measured purity: 98%

Method

Species / strain

Species / strain 1

Species / strain / cell type:

S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100

Species / strain 2

Species / strain / cell type:

S. typhimurium TA 97

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Metabolic activation system:

The S-9 (9,000 x g supernatant) fractions of Aroclor 1254-induced, male Sprague-Dawley rat and male Syrian hamster livers were prepared as described previously. The S-9 mixes were prepared immediately prior to use and contained either 10% or 30%
S-9; occasionally, 5% S-9 was also used. The specific S-9 concentrations used are indicated in tables. All chemicals were tested in the absence of metabolic activation, and with rat and hamster S-9 fractions.

Test concentrations with justification for top dose:

0, 10, 33, 100, 333, 1000, 3333, 5000, 6666 µg/plate

Vehicle / solvent:

DMSO

Controls

Untreated negative controls:

yes

Positive controls:

yes

Results and discussion

Test results

Test results 1

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 97

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

not specified

Test results 2

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 98

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

not specified

Test results 3

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 100

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

not specified

Test results 4

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 1537

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

not specified

Test results 5

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 1535

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

not specified

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

4-Chlorobenzoic acid was not mutagenic in a bacterial reverse mutation test.

Executive summary:

311 chemicals were tested for mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium. The tests were conducted using a preincubation protocol in the absence of exogenous metabolic activation, and in the presence of liver S-9 from Aroclor-induced male Sprague-Dawley rats and Syrian hamsters.

4-Chlorobenzoic acid was not mutagenic under these test conditions.