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EC number: 210-190-9 | CAS number: 609-40-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 983
- Report date:
- 1983
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- no guideline available
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of assay:
- other: Base-pair substitution, Fluctuation test and reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-nitrothiophene
- EC Number:
- 210-190-9
- EC Name:
- 2-nitrothiophene
- Cas Number:
- 609-40-5
- Molecular formula:
- C4H3NO2S
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-nitrothiophene
- Test material form:
- solid
- Details on test material:
- Supplier: Aldrich
Constituent 1
Method
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- other: Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- ur- pro-
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- without
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- fluctuation test 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 mmol/L broth
plate-incorporation test 0, 0.001, 0.002, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1 mmol/L top agar
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- Fluctuation test:
Fluctuation tests (Luria and Delbrück, 1943) were carried out as described previously (Voogd et al., 1979, 1980). As test organisms, a Klebsiella pneumoniae mutant, requiring uracil and proline as growth factors was used. In this fluctuation test, nutrient broth containing the substance under investigation and seeded with 100 bacteria/mL was divided into 105 portions of equal volume in sterile culture tubes. With Klebsiella pneumoniae the volume of each portion was 2.5 ml. After incubation during 20 h at 37°C the total number of streptomycin-resistant (including streptomycin-dependent) bacteria was determined in 100 portions by the pour-plate technique. Nutrient agar (pH 7.5) supplemented with streptomycin (100 µg/mL) was used. These plates were incubated for 3 days at 37°C. The number of bacteria present in the 5 remaining tubes was determined by using nutrient agar without streptomycin.
If mutants were present in more than 90 cultures, the number of mutants in the median culture was used to estimate the mutation frequency according to Lea and Coulson (1949). In this case the formula M = m/(N x V) was used in which m = number of mutations in the median culture.
Plate-incorporation test:
Furthermore, the plate-incorporation test developed by Ames et al. (1975) was used with Salmonella lyphimurium TA100. The strains were kindly provided by Dr. B.N. Ames. No metabolic activation was applied. On each plate 3 ml of top agar, in which the compound under investigation was present, was added to 20 ml of the selection medium. The compounds were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide.
With Salmonella typhimurium TA100 the investigated compound was considered to be mutagenic if the number of revertants on the selection plates was at least 1.5 X the number of revertants on the controi plates. Furthermore, some dose-response relationship should be apparent. To each plate (containing 20 mL of agar) 3 mL of top agar were added,. The test was done in triplicate.
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- without
- Genotoxicity:
- positive
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not specified
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- True negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- not specified
- Species / strain:
- other: Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Metabolic activation:
- without
- Genotoxicity:
- positive
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not specified
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- True negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- not specified
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- For 2 -nitrothiophene the lowest concentration that was mutagenic to Klebsiella pneumoniae in the fluctuation test was 0.05 mmole/L (50 µmol/L) broth and to Salmonella typhimurium TA100 in the plate-incorporation test it was 0.002 mmole/L (2 µmol/L) top agar, respectively.
- Executive summary:
The mutagenic potential of the test item to induce base-pair substitution in bacteria was investigated in a fluctuation test with Klebsiella pneumonia ur- pro- and in a plate-incorporation test with Salmonella typhimurium TA100 without metabolic activation.
For 2 -nitrothiophene the lowest concentration that was mutagenic to Klebsiella pneumoniae in the fluctuation test was 0.05 mmole/L broth and to Salmonella typhimurium TA100 in the plate-incorporation test it was 0.002 mmole/L top agar, respectively.
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