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EC number: 272-823-5 | CAS number: 68916-18-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 25 May to 22 June 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- deviations did not impact the validity of the study
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: CF02
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 31.01.2019
- Purity test date: not available
STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: stored in refrigerator in the original container
- Stability under test conditions: stable
- Solubility and stability of the test substance in the solvent/vehicle: water solubility 2.85 mg/L
- Reactivity of the test substance with the solvent/vehicle of the cell culture medium: not applicable
TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING
- Treatment of test material prior to testing: a primary stock solution was prepared for test item by dissolving 0.0305 g of extract in 3.9 mL of the 6-L solution of oxygen-rich water (that contained the mineral media solution). The extract was dissolved after an approximate 30-second sonication.
- Preliminary purification step (if any): none
- Final dilution of a dissolved solid, stock liquid or gel: nominal test concentration of 5 mg/L
- Final preparation of a solid: not applicable - Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): activated sludge was obtained from the Wareham Wastewater Treatment Facility, Wareham, Massachusetts, which treats primarily domestic sewage. Approximately 16 L of activated sludge was collected on 23 May 2018
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: activated sludge was passed through a 2-mm stainless steel sieve and then centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant (or secondary effluent) was kept and the solids further processed and stored. The resultant secondary effluent was filtered through coarse filter paper. Following filtration, the first 200 mL of secondary effluent was discarded. The next 500 mL of secondary effluent was retained and aerated in an environmental chamber set to maintain a temperature of 22 ± 2°C. The inoculum was used two days after preparation. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 5 mg/L
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- A total of 72 BOD bottles were prepared for the blank control, inoculum control, reference substance, and test substance: eighteen bottles per treatment, two each for day 0 and three per sampling interval (i.e., days 7, 14, 21, and 28). The filled BOD bottles were maintained in a dark environmental chamber set to maintain a temperature of 22 ± 2°C.
- Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Test performance:
- The oxygen depletion of blank controls was <0.3 mg O2/L, thus meeting the requirement of =1.5 mg O2/L after 28 days. Biodegradation in the sodium benzoate test solutions was 77.6% of theoretical by day 7, thus meeting the validity criterion of reaching >=60% biodegradation within 28 days. Biodegradation in the sodium benzoate test solutions was 92.0% on day 28, which indicated that the inoculum contained a viable microbial population and that the test procedures used during the study were adequate.
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 50.2
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- The temperature of the environmental chamber ranged from 20 to 21°C throughout the study.
Mean dissolved oxygen concentrations in the coffee extract test solutions ranged from 8.9 mg O2/L on day 0 to 7.2 mg O2/L on day 28.
Mean dissolved oxygen concentrations in the blank control solutions generally remained stable and were 8.8 mg O2/L on day 0 and day 28. Mean dissolved oxygen concentrations in the inoculum control solutions generally remained stable and were 8.9 mg O2/L on day 0 and 8.8 mg O2/L on day 28.
The BOD values of coffee extract were 0.267, 0.300, 0.313, and 0.320 after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days, respectively.
Biodegradation of 50.2% was observed for coffee extract on test day 28. - Key result
- Parameter:
- ThOD
- Value:
- 0.637 mg O2/g test mat.
- Results with reference substance:
- Mean dissolved oxygen concentrations for the sodium benzoate solutions decreased from 8.8 mg O2/L on day 0 to 1.0 mg O2/L on day 28.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- not readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- In the Closed Bottle Test conducted according to the OECD test guideline 301D and to GLP, the ready biodegradability potential of Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. was determined at 50.2% on Day 28. Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. cannot be classified as readily biodegradable under the conditions of this test since it did not achieve >=60% biodegradation within 28 days. However, it degraded by approximately 50%, which is considered significant biodegradation, therefore, it is likely that Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. would not be very persistent in the environment.
- Executive summary:
The ready biodegradability potential of Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. was determined in Closed Bottle Test conducted according to the OECD test guideline 301D and tp GLP.
A total of 72 biological oxygen demand (BOD) bottles were prepared for the blank control, inoculum control, reference substance, and test substance: eighteen bottles per treatment, two each for day 0 and three per sampling interval (i.e., days 7, 14, 21, and 28). The filled BOD bottles were maintained in a dark environmental chamber set to maintain a temperature of 22 ± 2 °C.
Mean dissolved oxygen concentrations in the Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. test solutions ranged from 8.9 mg O2/L on day 0 to 7.2 mg O2/L on day 28. The mean dissolved oxygen concentrations for the sodium benzoate solutions decreased from 8.8 mg O2/L on day 0 to 1.0 mg O2/L on day 28. Mean dissolved oxygen concentrations in the inoculum control solutions remained generally stable and were 8.9 and 8.8 mg O2/L on day 0 and day 28, respectively.
Biodegradation of 50.2% was observed for Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. by day 28.
Biodegradation in the sodium benzoate solutions was 77.6% by day 7, thus meeting the validity criterion of reaching 60% or greater biodegradation within 28 days. Biodegradation in the sodium benzoate solutions was 92.0% on day 28, which indicated that the inoculum contained a viable microbial population and that the test procedures used during the study were adequate.
Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. cannot be classified as readily biodegradable under the conditions of this test since it did not achieve >=60% biodegradation within 28 days. Since the Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. degraded by approximately 50% and this is considered significant biodegradation; it is likely that Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. would not be very persistent in the environment.
Reference
See attached additional information on results.
Description of key information
Biodegradability: 50.2% (significant biodegradation)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The ready biodegradability potential of Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. was determined in Closed Bottle Test conducted according to the OECD test guideline 301D and to GLP.
A total of 72 biological oxygen demand (BOD) bottles were prepared for the blank control, inoculum control, reference substance, and test substance: eighteen bottles per treatment, two each for day 0 and three per sampling interval (i.e., days 7, 14, 21, and 28). The filled BOD bottles were maintained in a dark environmental chamber set to maintain a temperature of 22 ± 2°C.
Mean dissolved oxygen concentrations in the Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. test solutions ranged from 8.9 mg O2/L on day 0 to 7.2 mg O2/L on day 28. The mean dissolved oxygen concentrations for the sodium benzoate solutions (reference substance) decreased from 8.8 mg O2/L on day 0 to 1.0 mg O2/L on day 28. Mean dissolved oxygen concentrations in the inoculum control solutions remained generally stable and were 8.9 and 8.8 mg O2/L on day 0 and day 28, respectively.
Biodegradation of 50.2% was observed for Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. by day 28.
Biodegradation in the sodium benzoate solutions was 77.6% by day 7, thus meeting the validity criterion of reaching 60% or greater biodegradation within 28 days. Biodegradation in the sodium benzoate solutions was 92.0% on day 28, which indicated that the inoculum contained a viable microbial population and that the test procedures used during the study were adequate.
Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. cannot be classified as readily biodegradable under the conditions of this test since it did not achieve >=60% biodegradation within 28 days. Since the Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. degraded by approximately 50% and this is considered significant biodegradation; it is likely that Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. would not be very persistent in the environment.
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