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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 701-276-1 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Hydrolysis
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
The test substance reacts with water to form predominantly solid, inert polyurea. Yakabe et al (1994) found that for loadings of 400 - 10,000 mg/L, and under heterogeneous conditions, a structural analogue had a half-life of ca. 20h at 25°C.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Half-life for hydrolysis:
- 20 h
- at the temperature of:
- 25 °C
Additional information
The test substance is covered by the category approach of methylenediphenyl diisocyanates (MDI). Hence, data of the category substances can be used to cover this endpoint. Yakabe et al (1994) found that for loadings of 400 - 10,000 mg/L, and under heterogeneous conditions, oligomeric MDI had a half-life of ca. 20h at 25°C when the disappearance rate was fitted to a zero-order kinetic model. However the rate constant increased approximately linearly with the nominal concentration of oligomeric MDI for all constituents. For the two-ring constituents the rate constant was found to be 0.5h-1 for a loading of 1000 mg/L oligomeric MDI.
The findings in the Yakabe et al (1994) study concur with the generally accepted chemistry of hydrolysis of an isocyanate whereby the initially produced carbamate decarboxylates to amine which then reacts very readily with more isocyanate to produce a urea. For a diisocyanate of low solubility such as MDI, the reaction system is usually heterogenous and these reactions, leading to insoluble polyureas, occur in both organic and aqueous phases and at the interface, where in each case differing concentrations of reagents and intermediates lead to different product distributions. Under conditions typical of many types of environmental contact, i.e. with relatively poor dispersion of the denser isocyanate, the interfacial reaction leads to the formation of a solid crust encasing partially or unreacted material. This crust restricts ingress of water and egress of amine, and hence slows and modifies hydrolysis. An important consequence of general significance to all aquatic tests of MDI, is that, in reality, it is the breakdown products that are being studied and the technique used for introduction or dispersal of the substance can affect the physical form and composition of the product (although under all tested conditions the predominant products are solid, insoluble polyureas).
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