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EC number: 264-439-1 | CAS number: 63741-10-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- The batch of Disperse Brown 27 (4852-1501) tested was a brown powder with a purity of 99.7 %
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Calibration solutions were injected in duplicate. Test samples and QC samples were analyzed by single injection.
- Details on test solutions:
- A combined limit/range-finding test was performed. A Saturated Solution (SS) was prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L and used as the highest concentration. Lower concentrations were prepared by diluting the highest concentration in test medium.
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Cladocera) (Straus, 1820), at least third generation, obtained by a cyclical parthenogenesis under specified breeding conditions.
Source: In-house laboratory culture with a known history.
Reason for selection: This system has been selected as an internationally accepted invertebrate species.
Validity of batch: Daphnids originated from a healthy stock, 2nd to 5th brood, showing no signs of stress such as mortality >20%, presence of males, ephippia or discoloured animals and there was no delay in the production of the first brood.
Characteristics: For the test selection of young daphnids with an age of < 24 hours, from parental daphnids of more than two weeks old. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Tap water purified by a Milli-Q water purification system
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- 180 mg/L expressed as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 20 °C (study plan specified temperature of 18-22 °C which was constant within 2 °C).
- pH:
- 7.7 ± 0.3
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Control( t=0 9.2 mg/L, t=48 h 10.5 mg/L)
100 (t=0 8.5 mg/L, t=48 h 10.3 mg/L) - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Twenty daphnids per group (5 per replicate, quadruplicate) were exposed to an untreated control and to the undiluted SS prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L. In addition ten daphnids per group (5 per replicate, duplicate) were exposed to solutions containing 1.0% and 10% of the SS. The total exposure period was 48 hours and samples for analytical confirmation of exposure concentrations were taken at the start and at the end of the test. Samples taken from the limit concentration were analysed and showed a measured initial concentrations of 0.282 μg/L. This concentration decreased during the test period to 58% of initial at the end of the test. Based on these results the average exposure concentration was 0.22 μg/L
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 0.22 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- Analyses of the samples taken from the undiluted SS showed a concentration of 0.28 μg/L at the start of the test. This measured concentration decreased to 58% of initial at the end of the test. Based on this results, an average exposure concentration of 0.22 μg/L was used to determine effect parameters.
No immobility was observed in the control and at any of the test concentrations during the test period. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In conclusion, the 48h-EC50 for Daphnia magna exposed to Disperse Brown 27 exceeded an average exposure concentration of 0.22 μg/L, which was considered to be the maximum solubility limit of Disperse Brown 27 in medium.
- Executive summary:
The objective of the study was to evaluate Disperse Brown 27 for its ability to generate acute toxic effects on the mobility of Daphnia magna during an exposure period of 48 hours and, if possible, to determine the EC50 at 24 and 48 hours of exposure.
A combined limit/range-finding test was performed. A Saturated Solution (SS) was prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L and used as the highest concentration. Lower concentrations were prepared by diluting the highest concentration in test medium. Twenty daphnids per group (5 per replicate, quadruplicate) were exposed to an untreated control and to the undiluted SS prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L. In addition ten daphnids per group (5 per replicate, duplicate) were exposed to solutions containing 1.0% and 10% of the SS. The total exposure period was 48 hours and samples for analytical confirmation of exposure concentrations were taken at the start and at the end of the test.
Samples taken from the limit concentration were analysed and showed a measured initial concentrations of 0.282 μg/L. This concentration decreased during the test period to 58% of initial at the end of the test. Based on these results the average exposure concentration was 0.22 μg/L
The study met the acceptability criteria prescribed by the study plan and was considered valid.
Reference
Description of key information
The objective of the study was to evaluate Disperse Brown 27 for its ability to generate acute toxic effects on the mobility of Daphnia magna during an exposure period of 48 hours and, if possible, to determine the EC50 at 24 and 48 hours of exposure.
A combined limit/range-finding test was performed. A Saturated Solution (SS) was prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L and used as the highest concentration. Lower concentrations were prepared by diluting the highest concentration in test medium. Twenty daphnids per group (5 per replicate, quadruplicate) were exposed to an untreated control and to the undiluted SS prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L. In addition ten daphnids per group (5 per replicate, duplicate) were exposed to solutions containing 1.0% and 10% of the SS. The total exposure period was 48 hours and samples for analytical confirmation of exposure concentrations were taken at the start and at the end of the test.
Samples taken from the limit concentration were analysed and showed a measured initial concentrations of 0.282 μg/L. This concentration decreased during the test period to 58% of initial at the end of the test. Based on these results the average exposure concentration was 0.22 μg/L
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
In conclusion, the 48h-EC50 for Daphnia magna exposed to Disperse Brown 27 exceeded an average exposure concentration of 0.22 μg/L, which was considered to be the maximum solubility limit of Disperse Brown 27 in medium.
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